Novel C‐arm based planning spine surgery robot proved in a porcine model and quantitative accuracy assessment methodology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Novel C‐arm based planning spine surgery robot proved in a porcine model and quantitative accuracy assessment methodology Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background We assessed pedicle screw accuracy utilizing a novel navigation‐based spine surgery robotic system by comparing planned pathways with placed pathways in a porcine model. Methods We placed three mini screws per vertebra for accuracy evaluation and used a reference frame for registration in four pigs (46 screws in 23 vertebrae). We planned screw paths and performed screw insertion under robot guidance. Using C‐arm and CT images, we evaluated accuracy by comparing the 3D distance of the placed screw head/tip from the planned screw head/tip and 3D angular offset. Results Mean registration deviation between the preoperative 3D space (C‐arm) and postoperative CT scans was 0.475 ± 0.119 mm. The average offset from preoperative plan to final placement was 4.8 ± 2.0 mm from the head (tail), 5.3 ± 2.3 mm from the tip and 3.9 ± 2.4 degrees of angulation. Conclusions Our spine surgery robot showed good accuracy in executing an intended planned trajectory and screw path. This faster and more accurate robotic system will be applied in future studies, first in cadavers and subsequently in the clinical field. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Evaluation of image quality and assessability of a new flat‐panel 3D C‐arm compared to mobile and fixed computed tomography in posterior spinal fixation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluation of image quality and assessability of a new flat‐panel 3D C‐arm compared to mobile and fixed computed tomography in posterior spinal fixation Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background This study evaluates image quality of a new flat‐panel three‐dimensional (3D) C‐arm to the current generation and to intraoperative and stationary computed tomography (CT) in spinal surgery. Methods Three‐dimensional‐imaging of 44 posterior screws acquired with two generations of 3D C‐arms (Arcadis Orbic, AO and Cios Spin, CS, Siemens, Germany) and CT scans (mobile intraoperative CT Airo, iCT, Brainlab, Germany and stationary CT Aquilion 32, sCT, Toshiba, Japan) were performed. Evaluation regarded assessability and measurements of implant position. Results Assessability score was 0.11 in AO, 0.56 in sCT, 0.91 in iCT and 1.46 in CS (p < 0.0005). AO and CS showed a significant difference in accuracy (p = 0.001) as well as CS and iCT (p < 0.001). Measurements of protrusion over the anterior edge did not show a significant difference (p = 0.341). Conclusions Image quality of the new generation of flat‐panel 3D C‐arms competes with CT imaging and offers significant advantages compared to the former generation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A case of reversed intestinal rotation revealed by volvulus in adult: anatomo-radiological correlations

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A case of reversed intestinal rotation revealed by volvulus in adult: anatomo-radiological correlations Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Mar 3. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02727-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We report a case of reversed rotation (RR) of the midgut, the rarest form of intestinal malrotation (IMR), revealed by a chronic volvulus, in a 42-year-old woman presenting with episodes of abdominal pain occurring after heavy meals. The complete preoperative diagnosis was obtained by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Classical signs of volvulus were associated with typic al findings of RR comprising an unusual position of the third duodenum in front of the mesenteric vessels and a very unusual location of the transverse colon behind these vessels. Complete absence of fixation of the right colon allowed secondary volvulus. A detailed reminder of the embryology of IMR and RR is presented. PMID:33660035 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02727-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Removal of Airway Foreign Body in a Premature Neonate

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Removal of Airway Foreign Body in a Premature Neonate Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Mar 4:3489421999536. doi: 10.1177/0003489421999536. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Airway foreign bodies are the leading cause of infantile deaths and fourth among preschool children. Airway foreign bodies in extremely premature neonates represent a rare but potentially lethal entity. There are very few reports in the literature describing the treatment of such a condition in premature neonates. The objectives of this report are to describe the safe removal of an airway foreign body in an extremely premature infant using urologic instruments in a trans-endotracheal tube fashion and to review the literature for other techniques that have proven safe and effective, thereby adding technical options for future cases. METHODS: We reviewed the case reported and reviewed pertinent literature. RESULTS: A 2-week old, ex-24 3/7-week, 820-g pre-mature infant was intubated with a 2.5 endotracheal tube. After intubation, a 2-cm foreign body was discovered in the distal trachea by chest x-ray. The child's respiratory status continuously deteriorated with increasing oxygen and positive pressure requirements. While remaining intubated, the child underwent direct suspension laryngoscopy, the ventilator circuitry was disconnected, and the object was successfully removed using a 1.2 mm rigid ureteroscope and 1.1 mm grasping forceps through the 2.5 endotracheal tube. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates the effectiveness of using a 1.2 mm ureteroscope and 1.2 mm urologic graspers to extract an airway foreign body from an extremely premature neonate through an endotracheal tube without paralyzing the patient. This method provides a safe and effective means of visualizing and, if necessary, manipulating the airway in a population prone to respiratory complications. PMID:33660549 | DOI:10.1177/0003489421999536 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Short‐term Oral Steroids Significantly Improves Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without Nasal Polyps

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Short‐term Oral Steroids Significantly Improves Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without Nasal Polyps Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis The efficacy of short‐term oral corticosteroids in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is unknown. The aim of this controlled study was to assess the immediate and long‐term outcomes from a short course of a commonly used oral corticosteroid, prednisolone, in well‐defined CRSsNP patients. Study Design Prospective, observational controlled study. Methods A prospective‐controlled study of CRSsNP patients treated with prednisolone at 0.5 mg/kg tapered over 10 days and non‐prednisolone treated CRSsNP patients (controls) and follow‐up at 2, 6, and 12 months. Baseline and follow‐up SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT)‐22, nasal endoscopy (Lund‐Kennedy), and sinus CT scan scores (Lund‐Mackay) were compared. Results At 2 months, there was a significant improvement in the SNOT‐22, nasal endoscopy, and sinus CT scan scores in the prednisolone group (P < .0001) compared with controls (p = ns, Mann–Whitney U test). 52.5% of prednisolone‐treated CRSsNP patients had improved symptoms and did not require sinus surgery at 12 months compared with 14.3% of controls (P < .001). Side‐effects were reported in 8.9% of prednisolone‐treated patients. Patients who benefited from prednisolone had a median symptom duration of 7.25 (99% confidence, upper limit of 11) months compared with 18 months in those requiring surgery. Conclusions Short‐term oral prednisolone significantly improved all three clinical measures of disease in CRSsNP patients and avoided surgical intervention in 52.5% patients in the first 12 months. Patients with symptoms for less than 11 months were most likely to benefit. The side‐effects of oral steroids require careful consideration and further studies are needed to ascertain appropriate dosage and treatment duration. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Dual‐Vector Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Smile Reanimation with Lower Lip Depression

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Dual‐Vector Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Smile Reanimation with Lower Lip Depression Via The Laryngoscope View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce allergic inflammation through histamine signaling

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce allergic inflammation through histamine signaling Via Nasal diseases by Naruhito Iwasaki, Seigo Terawaki, Kouhei Shimizu, Daisuke Oikawa, Hirokazu Sakamoto, Kishiko Sunami, Fuminori Tokunaga Histamine, which is mainly produced by mast cells and basophils, participates in various allergic symptoms, and some studies have reported that macrophages also produce histamine. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that macrophages, especially alternatively activated macrophages (M2) induced by T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, participate in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The major source of Th2 cytokines is antigen-specific Th2 cells. To elucidate the relationship between histamine, macrophages, and Th2 cells in allergic inflammation, we established a macrophage-Th2 cell co-culture model in vitro and an antigen-specific Th2 cell transfer mouse model of rhinitis. In vitro analyses indicated that macrophages produce histamine by interacting with antigen-specific Th2 cells through the antigen. Furthermore, Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively elicited rhinitis in the mouse model. We determined that histamine induces Th2- and macrophage-elicited sneezing responses through H1 receptor signaling, whereas it induces nasal eosinophil infiltrations through H4 receptor signaling. Collectively, these results indicate a novel histamine production mechanism by macrophages, in which Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce nasal allergic inflammation through histamine signaling. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Oral health care professionals recommending and administering the HPV vaccine: Understanding the strengths and assessing the barriers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oral health care professionals recommending and administering the HPV vaccine: Understanding the strengths and assessing the barriers Via Head and neck cancers by Denise Guadiana, Nolan M. Kavanagh, Cristiane H. Squarize Introduction Head and neck cancer is a deadly cancer that ranks among the six most common cancers worldwide. The HPV vaccine has been used to prevent head and neck cancer of the oropharynx, and changes in health policies and state law are impacting the role of dental professionals in HPV vaccination. However, relatively little is known about dental professionals' attitudes regarding the vaccine. Objectives Our study assesses dental professionals' willingness to administer the HPV vaccine, their confidence discussing HPV with patients, beliefs about the vaccine's efficacy, perceived barriers to administering it, and sites of referral. Methods We surveyed 623 dental professionals, including dentists, hygienists, dental students, and hygiene students across Michigan. Attitudes toward the vaccine and predictive characteristics were evaluated by logistic regression, ANOVAs, and t-tests. Results The majority of the respondents (51% of dentists, 63% of hygienis ts, 82% of dental students, and 71% of hygiene students) were willing to administer the HPV vaccine if allowed by law. The role of dental and dental hygiene students would be one of advocacy, educating and recommending the vaccine, and the dental students administering it once licensed. Dental professionals were variably confident discussing HPV with patients and generally believed it enhanced patients' health. Stronger confidence and beliefs were associated with greater willingness to administer the vaccine. Barriers among professionals opposing the HPV vaccine included lack of knowledge on the subject, liability concerns, and personal beliefs. Conclusion Dental professionals can become leaders in preventing HPV-related cancers. Training and continuing education courses could enhance their confidence and willingness to recommend and administer the HPV vaccine. Policy implications Legislation that permits dental professionals to administer the vaccine could increase the vaccine's accessibility to patients, improve vaccination rates, and population health. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Female Voice-Related Sexual Attractiveness to Males: Does it Vary With Different Degrees of Conception Likelihood?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Female Voice-Related Sexual Attractiveness to Males: Does it Vary With Different Degrees of Conception Likelihood? Via Journal of Voice Previous investigations have found that female voice-related attractiveness to males increases when both conception likelihood (CL) and voice fundamental frequency (fo) are elevated. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a perceptual experiment where 78 heterosexual males rated sexual attractiveness of 9 female voice samples, recorded at menstrual, follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle under two double-blinded randomly allocated conditions: a natural menstrual cycle (placebo condition) and when using an oral contraceptive pill (OCP condition). View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy for genetic skin diseases – recent advances in gene modification technologies and delivery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy for genetic skin diseases – recent advances in gene modification technologies and delivery Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Genetic skin diseases, also known as genodermatoses, are inherited disorders affecting skin and constitute a large and heterogeneous group of diseases. While genodermatoses are rare with the prevalence rate of less than 1 in 50,000 – 200,000, they frequently occur at birth or early in life and are generally chronic, severe, and could be life‐threatening. The quality of life of patients and their families are severely compromised by the negative psychosocial impact of disease, physical manifestations, and the lack or loss of autonomy. Currently, there are no curative treatments for these conditions. Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy that involves modification or correction of mutant genes in patients' cells in‐vitro and then transplanted back to patients to restore functional gene expression has being developed for genodermatoses. In this review, the ex‐vivo gene modification therapy strategies for genodermatoses are reviewed, focusing on current ad vances in gene modification and correction in patients' cells and delivery of genetically modified cells to patients with discussions on gene therapy trials which have been performed in this area. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy of 2.5mg oral biotin versus 5% topical minoxidil in increasing nail growth rate.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of 2.5mg oral biotin versus 5% topical minoxidil in increasing nail growth rate. Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract The fingernail growth rate (NGR) is approximately 3 mm/month and varies according to sex, age, labour activities, systemic diseases, seasonality, dominant hand, and trauma.1 The slow growth of nails may have functional and cosmetic impact, such as nail fragility and delayed renewal of the nail plate.2 Few studies have evaluated pharmacological interventions to increase NGR. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Proposal of New Key Step in Lateral Approach Thyroidectomy in Light of Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Medial versus Lateral Approach Thyroidectomy: A Randomised Controlled Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Proposal of New Key Step in Lateral Approach Thyroidectomy in Light of Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Medial versus Lateral Approach Thyroidectomy: A Randomised Controlled Study Via International Journal of Otolaryngology Objective. Thyroid surgery has travelled a long path, from a surgery which once was considered deemed to fail and even led to death, to the current time when newer techniques are being tested to make the incision smaller and smaller. The aim of our study is to give a precise detailed stepwise description of medial and lateral surgical approach with the anatomical basis and to compare their feasibility and safety. Methods. 104 cases presenting with thyroid swelling in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Assam Medical College Dibrugarh from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, were selected and randomisation was done based on day of admission from OPD. Basic demographic data, preoperative diagnosis, operative time, blood loss, need for transection of strap muscles, and complications were recorded. Result. The distribution of thyroid cases according to age ranged from 17 to 81 years. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was the highest (37.5%) in the age group of 31–40 yrs. Of a total of 104 thyroid cases, 49 were colloid goitre, 24 were multinodular goitre, 9 were follicular neoplasm category 4, 4 were papillary thyroid carcinoma, 2 were follicular neoplasm category 3, and 3 were follicular neoplasm category 5. Conclusion. Out of the two approaches, lateral approach thyroidectomy showed better results with fewer complications. A single structure (superior belly of omohyoid) can be used as a guide to preserving all vital structures related to the thyroid gland. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.