An Integrated Analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs Microarray Profiles to Screen miRNA Signatures Involved in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Technology in Cancer Research &Treatment, Volume 19, Issue , January-December 2020.
Objective:We aim to identify several microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs)-messenger RNAs (mRNAs) biomarkers correlated to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNAs microarray expression profiles.Methods:The available mRNA and miRNA microarray datasets were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database according to pre-determined screening criteria. Differentially expressed miRNA and mRNAs (DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs) were extracted between NPC and noncancerous nasopharyngeal tissues. The target genes of DEmiRNAs were predicted with miRTarBase followed by the construction of DEmiRNAs-target DEmRNAs network, and functional analyses were performed. The DEmiRNAs expressions were validated and the performance of these DEmiRNAs was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) values. Finally, the correlations between DEmiRNAs and specific clinical factors were analyzed.Results:There were 1140 interaction pairs (including let-7d/f-MYC/HMGA2 and miR-452-ITGA9) in DEmiRNAs-target DEmRNAs network. The GO annotation analysis showed that several genes such as MYC, HMGA2 and ITGA9 primarily participated in cellular process. KEGG analysis showed that these targets were associated with cell cycle and cancer-related pathways. Down-regulated let-7(-d and –f) and up-regulated miR-452 were verified in datasets. The AUC values of these 3 DEmiRNAs (let-7d, let-7-f and miR-452) was 0.803, 0.835 and 0.735, respectively. Besides, miR-452 was significantly related to survival rate of NPC patients.Conclusion:The findings implied let-7d/f-MYC/HMGA2 and miR-452-ITGA9 might be promising targets for the detection and treatment of NPC.
Πληροφορίες
Τρίτη 29 Σεπτεμβρίου 2020
Brain Metabolism and Structure in Chronic Migraine
Brain Metabolism and Structure in Chronic Migraine:
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this paper is to review and synthesize current literature in which neurochemical and structural brain imaging were used to investigate chronic migraine (CM) pathophysiology and to further discuss the clinical implications.Recent Findings
Spectroscopic and structural MRI studies have shown the presence of both impaired metabolism and structural alterations in the brain of CM patients. Metabolic changes in key brain regions support the notion of altered energetics and homeostasis as part of CM pathophysiology. Furthermore, CM, like other chronic pain disorders, may undergo structural reorganization in pain-related brain regions following near persistent endogenous painful input. Finally, both imaging techniques may provide potential biomarkers of disease state and progression and may help guide novel therapeutic interventions or strategies.Summary
Spectroscopic and structural MRI have revealed novel aspects of CM pathophysiology. Findings from the former support the metabolic theory of migraine pathogenesis.Chronic Cluster Headache
Chronic Cluster Headache Update and East–West Comparisons: Focusing on Clinical Features, Pathophysiology, and Management:
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review provides an update on chronic cluster headache (CH) focusing on clinical features, pathophysiology, and management as well as comparisons between Eastern and Western populations.Recent Findings
Chronic CH in Eastern populations was relatively rare, compared to that in Western populations. Lacrimation and/or conjunctival injection is the most frequently reported cranial autonomic symptom, and visual aura is predominant in chronic CH patients. Neuroimaging evidence in both ethnic groups suggests that CH pathophysiology involves the hypothalamus and pain-modulatory areas, with dynamic alternations between CH episodes. Recent evidence indicates that midbrain dopaminergic systems may participate in CH chronicity. Noteworthy advances have emerged in neuromodulatory therapies for chronic CH, but treatment with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies has been unsuccessful.Summary
Recent evidence shows divergence of chronic CH between Eastern and Western populations. Neuromodulatory therapies but not CGRP inhibition is effective in this intractable patient group.Complications Associated with Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections
Complications Associated with Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections:
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Low back pain with radicular symptoms is a common cause of disability in the adult population in the USA. Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is one of the most frequently used intervention for lumbar radiculitis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate complications associated with lumbar TFESI.Recent Findings
Based on the literature review, the reported rate of minor complications was between 2.4 and 9.6%. The major complications including spinal abscess, spinal cord infarct, and epidural hematoma were documented as case reports. Some patients with spinal cord infarct had permanent neurologic deficits, while the other patients had recovery of neurological function after surgical or medical intervention.Summary
This review identifies both the minor and major complications related to lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections. According to this review, most complications are minor. Lumbar TFESI can be considered a safe treatment in the management of lumbar radicular pain. However, pain specialists should be aware of the potentially devastating major complications. Early recognition and treatment of complications are crucial for improving the outcome.CD4+ T lymphocyte count remains the most common biomarker of immune status and disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals............................Instrument-free point-of-care CD4 test (VISITECT®CD4)
Performance characteristics of an instrument-free point-of-care CD4 test (VISITECT®CD4) for use in resource-limited settings: Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 9, September 2020.
ObjectiveCD4+ T lymphocyte count remains the most common biomarker of immune status and disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. VISITECT®CD4 is an instrument-free, low-cost point-of-care CD4 test with a cut-off of 350 CD4 cells/μL. This study aimed to evaluate VISITECT®CD4 test's diagnostic accuracy.MethodsTwo hundred HIV-positive patients attending a tertiary HIV centre in South India were recruited. Patients provided venous blood for reference and VISITECT®CD4 tests. An additional finger-prick blood sample was obtained for VISITECT®CD4. VISITECT®CD4's diagnostic performance in identifying individuals with CD4 counts ≤350 cells/μL was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) taking flow cytometry as the reference.ResultsThe overall agreement between VISITECT®CD4 and flow cytometry was 89.5% using venous blood and 81.5% using finger-prick blood. VISITECT®CD4 showed better performance using venous blood [sensitivity: 96.6% (95% confidence interval: 92.1%–98.9%), specificity: 70.9% (57.1%–82.4%), PPV: 89.7% (83.9%–94.0%) and NPV: 88.6% (75.4%–96.2%)] than using finger-prick blood [sensitivity: 84.8% (77.9%–90.2%), specificity: 72.7% (59.0%–83.9%), PPV: 89.1% (82.7%–93.8%) and NPV: 64.5% (51.3%–76.3%)].ConclusionVISITECT®CD4 performed well using venous blood, demonstrating its potential utility in decentralization of CD4 testing services in resource-constrained settings.
ObjectiveCD4+ T lymphocyte count remains the most common biomarker of immune status and disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. VISITECT®CD4 is an instrument-free, low-cost point-of-care CD4 test with a cut-off of 350 CD4 cells/μL. This study aimed to evaluate VISITECT®CD4 test's diagnostic accuracy.MethodsTwo hundred HIV-positive patients attending a tertiary HIV centre in South India were recruited. Patients provided venous blood for reference and VISITECT®CD4 tests. An additional finger-prick blood sample was obtained for VISITECT®CD4. VISITECT®CD4's diagnostic performance in identifying individuals with CD4 counts ≤350 cells/μL was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) taking flow cytometry as the reference.ResultsThe overall agreement between VISITECT®CD4 and flow cytometry was 89.5% using venous blood and 81.5% using finger-prick blood. VISITECT®CD4 showed better performance using venous blood [sensitivity: 96.6% (95% confidence interval: 92.1%–98.9%), specificity: 70.9% (57.1%–82.4%), PPV: 89.7% (83.9%–94.0%) and NPV: 88.6% (75.4%–96.2%)] than using finger-prick blood [sensitivity: 84.8% (77.9%–90.2%), specificity: 72.7% (59.0%–83.9%), PPV: 89.1% (82.7%–93.8%) and NPV: 64.5% (51.3%–76.3%)].ConclusionVISITECT®CD4 performed well using venous blood, demonstrating its potential utility in decentralization of CD4 testing services in resource-constrained settings.
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a nonpregnant female patient
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a nonpregnant female patient: a case report and literature review: Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 9, September 2020.
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (sOHSS) usually occurs in patients with a spontaneous ovulation cycle, especially in those with multiple pregnancies combined with hypothyroidism and polycystic ovary syndrome. sOHSS rarely occurs in women who are not pregnant. A 23-year-old woman with obvious abdominal distension visited our hospital. The patient was not pregnant and had not undergone controlled superovulation. Apart from abdominal distension, the patient denied any symptom of obvious incentives, abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or drainage. Biochemical analysis showed a high carbohydrate antigen-125 level and low total protein and albumin levels. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography showed a large amount of ascites and cystic uneven masses with an irregular shape in the area of the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Post-surgical histopathology indicated the diagnosis of sOHSS. Wedge resection of both ovaries was performed. Symptomatic treatment was further performed and the patient recovered well. Our findings indicate that sOHSS can occur in women who are not pregnant. Additionally, besides the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene mutation hypothesis, the pathogenesis of sOHSS should be further studied.
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (sOHSS) usually occurs in patients with a spontaneous ovulation cycle, especially in those with multiple pregnancies combined with hypothyroidism and polycystic ovary syndrome. sOHSS rarely occurs in women who are not pregnant. A 23-year-old woman with obvious abdominal distension visited our hospital. The patient was not pregnant and had not undergone controlled superovulation. Apart from abdominal distension, the patient denied any symptom of obvious incentives, abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or drainage. Biochemical analysis showed a high carbohydrate antigen-125 level and low total protein and albumin levels. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography showed a large amount of ascites and cystic uneven masses with an irregular shape in the area of the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Post-surgical histopathology indicated the diagnosis of sOHSS. Wedge resection of both ovaries was performed. Symptomatic treatment was further performed and the patient recovered well. Our findings indicate that sOHSS can occur in women who are not pregnant. Additionally, besides the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene mutation hypothesis, the pathogenesis of sOHSS should be further studied.
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) :bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in older patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Efficacy and safety of bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in older patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 9, September 2020.
ObjectiveST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the most serious type of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in older patients with acute STEMI.MethodsA total of 672 older patients with STEMI (>75 years) who underwent PPCI were studied. The primary endpoints were 30-day net adverse clinical events (NACEs) post-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, including major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium grades 2 to 5 (BARC 2–5) bleeding events.ResultsThe incidence of NACEs and BARC 2–5 bleeding events in the bivalirudin group was significantly lower than that in the unfractionated heparin group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that bivalirudin significantly reduced 30-day NACEs (odds ratio: 0.700, 95% confidence interval: 0.492–0.995) and BARC 2–5 bleeding events (odds ratio: 0.561, 95% confidence interval: 0.343–0.918). At 1-year follow-up, these results were similar.ConclusionsBivalirudin can be safely and effectively used during PPCI in older patients with STEMI. Bivalirudin reduces the risks of NACEs and bleeding within 30 days after PPCI, without increasing the risks of MACCEs and stent thrombosis compared with heparin.
ObjectiveST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the most serious type of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in older patients with acute STEMI.MethodsA total of 672 older patients with STEMI (>75 years) who underwent PPCI were studied. The primary endpoints were 30-day net adverse clinical events (NACEs) post-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, including major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium grades 2 to 5 (BARC 2–5) bleeding events.ResultsThe incidence of NACEs and BARC 2–5 bleeding events in the bivalirudin group was significantly lower than that in the unfractionated heparin group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that bivalirudin significantly reduced 30-day NACEs (odds ratio: 0.700, 95% confidence interval: 0.492–0.995) and BARC 2–5 bleeding events (odds ratio: 0.561, 95% confidence interval: 0.343–0.918). At 1-year follow-up, these results were similar.ConclusionsBivalirudin can be safely and effectively used during PPCI in older patients with STEMI. Bivalirudin reduces the risks of NACEs and bleeding within 30 days after PPCI, without increasing the risks of MACCEs and stent thrombosis compared with heparin.
Environmental Risk Factors in Systemic Sclerosis
Toward Understanding of Environmental Risk Factors in Systemic Sclerosis: Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Ahead of Print.
ImportanceSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe, chronic, and incurable autoimmune fibrotic skin disease with significant extracutaneous involvement. Low concordance rate in twin studies and unequal geographic distribution of SSc argues for importance of environment in disease initiation and progression.ObjectiveIn this manuscript we provide a summary of all investigated potential external risk factors for SSc.Data sourcesA literature search in PubMed and EMBASE database was performed for studies published until January 1, 2020 by 2 reviewers (EN and LO) independently.FindingsOccupational and/or environmental exposures to silica and organic solvents are associated with increased incidence and severity of SSc. Exposure to epoxy resins, asbestos, and particulate air pollution favors increased risk of SSc, but data are based on limited number of observational studies. There is insufficient evidence to conclude an association between SSc development and other occupational (eg, welding fumes) or personal exposures (eg, smoking, vitamin D deficiency). Association of SSc with silicone breast implants has been disproven. Infectious pathogens (eg, Helicobacter pylori and angiotropic viruses) and dysbiosis seem to play a role in SSc development and severity, but their role remains to be clarified.Conclusions and relevanceIt may be prudent to counsel our patients with SSc (or those at risk of SSc) to avoid occupations with exposure to silica, organic solvents, asbestos and epoxy resins; restraint from smoking, using cocaine or drugs with pro-fibrotic potential. While the association between low vitamin D and SSc remains to be confirmed, we believe that SSc patients should be encouraged to maintain healthy vitamin D levels as benefits outweigh the risks.
ImportanceSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe, chronic, and incurable autoimmune fibrotic skin disease with significant extracutaneous involvement. Low concordance rate in twin studies and unequal geographic distribution of SSc argues for importance of environment in disease initiation and progression.ObjectiveIn this manuscript we provide a summary of all investigated potential external risk factors for SSc.Data sourcesA literature search in PubMed and EMBASE database was performed for studies published until January 1, 2020 by 2 reviewers (EN and LO) independently.FindingsOccupational and/or environmental exposures to silica and organic solvents are associated with increased incidence and severity of SSc. Exposure to epoxy resins, asbestos, and particulate air pollution favors increased risk of SSc, but data are based on limited number of observational studies. There is insufficient evidence to conclude an association between SSc development and other occupational (eg, welding fumes) or personal exposures (eg, smoking, vitamin D deficiency). Association of SSc with silicone breast implants has been disproven. Infectious pathogens (eg, Helicobacter pylori and angiotropic viruses) and dysbiosis seem to play a role in SSc development and severity, but their role remains to be clarified.Conclusions and relevanceIt may be prudent to counsel our patients with SSc (or those at risk of SSc) to avoid occupations with exposure to silica, organic solvents, asbestos and epoxy resins; restraint from smoking, using cocaine or drugs with pro-fibrotic potential. While the association between low vitamin D and SSc remains to be confirmed, we believe that SSc patients should be encouraged to maintain healthy vitamin D levels as benefits outweigh the risks.
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Vestibular Disorders
The Effect of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Vestibular Disorders:
Introduction: The aim of the study was to increase the participants’ satisfaction with the unilateral peripheral vestibular pathology, in addition to the exercise program, with galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS). Methods: Participants were divided into 2 groups: study group (41 subjects) and control group (32 subjects). Participants who underwent videonystagmography and sensory organization testing, which were objective test methods at the beginning, were invited to check in every week for 6 weeks to perform GVS and/or exercise in the exercise program. Objective tests were repeated at the end of the sixth week. A visual analog scale (VAS) was administered every week. Results: Unilateral weakness, balance scores 4, 5, 6; visual, vestibular, preference and strategy scores 5, 6; center of gravity 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; composite scores were different between the groups after rehabilitation (p #x3c; 0.05). In terms of VAS, the study group began to feel better at the end of the first week than the control group (p #x3c; 0.01). Discussion/Conclusion: It was found that the study group benefited both from an objective and a subjective point of view more than participants in the control group.
ORL
Introduction: The aim of the study was to increase the participants’ satisfaction with the unilateral peripheral vestibular pathology, in addition to the exercise program, with galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS). Methods: Participants were divided into 2 groups: study group (41 subjects) and control group (32 subjects). Participants who underwent videonystagmography and sensory organization testing, which were objective test methods at the beginning, were invited to check in every week for 6 weeks to perform GVS and/or exercise in the exercise program. Objective tests were repeated at the end of the sixth week. A visual analog scale (VAS) was administered every week. Results: Unilateral weakness, balance scores 4, 5, 6; visual, vestibular, preference and strategy scores 5, 6; center of gravity 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; composite scores were different between the groups after rehabilitation (p #x3c; 0.05). In terms of VAS, the study group began to feel better at the end of the first week than the control group (p #x3c; 0.01). Discussion/Conclusion: It was found that the study group benefited both from an objective and a subjective point of view more than participants in the control group.
ORL
Osteopenic effects of high‐fat diet
Osteopenic effects of high‐fat diet‐induced obesity on mechanically induced alveolar bone remodeling:
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of obesity on the tissue and molecular reactions of alveolar bone in response to orthodontic force and its underlying mechanisms.Methods
Sixty‐four rats were randomly divided into normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD) groups for eight weeks of dietary treatment. OTM was induced using nickel‐titanium springs between the upper left first molar and incisor. After 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of OTM, the maxillary alveolar bone and gingival tissues were harvested and analyzed.Results
Compared with the ND rats, the HFD rats had greater OTM distance, serum levels of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), as well as significant alveolar bone loss and bone architecture deterioration on both the compression and tension sides (p<0.05 for all). This response was linked to the increased osteoclast numbers and functional activity and decreased osteoblast activity in the periodontal ligament, gingival tissue and alveolar bone.Conclusions
HFD‐induced obesity promoted mechanically induced alveolar bone remodeling and detrimental changes in alveolar bone microstructure by increasing osteoclastogenesis and regulating inflammatory cytokine expression. The increased alveolar bone remodeling in the obese rats lead to an accelerated OTM.Repurposing disulfiram to induce OSCC cell death by cristae dysfunction promoted autophagy
Repurposing disulfiram to induce OSCC cell death by cristae dysfunction promoted autophagy:
Abstract
Objective
Disulfiram has been repurposed as a potential candidate to suppress various cancers. However, its antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms of oral squamous cell carcinoma remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms of disulfiram in the context of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methods
We tested the cytotoxicity of disulfiram in oral squamous cell carcinoma using a 3D culture model as well as a PDX model. Cell proliferation, cell death, and related signaling pathways were evaluated. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial mass as well as mitochondrial complexes were analyzed.Results
Disulfiram can induce excessive autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells as a result of OXPHOS deficiency. Disulfiram‐induced OPA1 degradation can impair the functional cristae structure, which results in a dramatic reduction in mitochondrial respiration capability as well as ATP production. Subsequently, energy deprivation leads to excessive autophagy through AMPK activation. In addition, exogenous ATP blocked the activation of AMPK and rescued disulfiram‐induced cell death.Conclusion
DSF targets mitochondrial inner membrane protein OPA1 to disturb the energy supply, triggering excessive autophagy, and cell death in OSCC. Our study suggests OPA1 dependent ATP generation is pharmacologically targetable in OSCC treatment.Vitamin D oral gel for prevention of radiation‐induced oral mucositis
Vitamin D oral gel for prevention of radiation‐induced oral mucositis: a randomized clinical trial:
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of topical oral vitamin D gel in prevention of radiation induced oral mucositis.Material and methods
A three‐armed randomized controlled clinical trial on forty‐five head and neck cancer patients was conducted. First group: conventional treatment. Second group: Topical oral vitamin D gel. Third group: topical oral vitamin D gel plus the conventional treatment. All the patients were examined clinically three and six weeks after the start of radiotherapy for pain and WHO mucositis score.Results
After 6 weeks of radiotherapy, (33.5%) the patients in control group developed high‐grade severity of oral mucositis while the patients in the two‐test groups “vitamin D group & combined therapy group” remained with low‐grade severity or with complete remission. Mean Pain scores showed a significant decrease in the combined therapy group and to a close degree in vitamin D group rather than the control group.Conclusion
Topical oral vitamin D gel has a beneficial effect in lowering oral mucositis development and in reducing pain sensation during the radiation period especially when combined with conventional therapeutic agents.Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2993: Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts:
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2993: Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts
Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102993
Authors:
Wai Feng Lim
Mohd Izwan Mohamad Yusof
Lay Kek Teh
Mohd Zaki Salleh
Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2993: Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts
Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102993
Authors:
Wai Feng Lim
Mohd Izwan Mohamad Yusof
Lay Kek Teh
Mohd Zaki Salleh
Drumstick tree (Μορίνγκα)
Description
Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2994: Barriers towards Sun Exposure and Strategies to Overcome These Barriers in Female Indoor Workers with Insufficient Vitamin D: A Qualitative Approach Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102994 Authors: Nurul Nadiah Shahudin Mohd Jamil Sameeha Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin Zahara Abdul Manaf Kok-Yong Chin Nor Aini Jamil The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is significant even in tropical countries such as Malaysia. Sun exposure is the primary source of...
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Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2992: Effective Immune Functions of Micronutrients against SARS-CoV-2 Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102992 Authors: Junaid Ejaz Abdalla Abosalif Ullah Yasmeen Younas Hamam Rehman The third coronavirus outbreak in the last two decades has caused significant damage to the world’s economy and community health. The highly contagious COVID-19 infection has affected millions of people to date and has led to hundreds of thousands...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2991: Do Interventions with Diet or Dietary Supplements Reduce the Disease Activity Score in Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102991 Authors: Nelson Sjöblom Gjertsson Ulven Lindqvist Bärebring The aim was to compile the evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) of diet or dietary supplements used to reduce disease activity in adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)....
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2990: Nutritional Strategies in Prediabetes: A Scoping Review of Recent Evidence Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102990 Authors: Jun Wern Yau Sze Mun Thor Amutha Ramadas Nutritional therapy has been conventionally recommended for people with prediabetes as a method to delay or halt progression to type 2 diabetes. However, recommended nutritional strategies evolve over time. Hence, we performed a scoping review on recently reported nutritional interventions...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2989: Mens Sana in Corpore Sano: Does the Glycemic Index Have a Role to Play? Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102989 Authors: Lionel Carneiro Corinne Leloup Although diet interventions are mostly related to metabolic disorders, nowadays they are used in a wide variety of pathologies. From diabetes and obesity to cardiovascular diseases, to cancer or neurological disorders and stroke, nutritional recommendations are applied to almost all diseases. Among such disorders,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2987: What Dimensions of Risk Perception are Associated with Avoidance of Buying Processed Foods with Warning Labels? Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102987 Authors: Cristian Adasme-Berríos Luis Aliaga-Ortega Berta Schnettler Mercedes Sánchez Consuelo Pinochet Germán Lobos Nutritional Warning Labels (NWLs) inform consumers about processed foods that exceed critical nutrient levels activating the risk perception in consumers. However, this information...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2986: The Change in the Content of Nutrients in Diets Eliminating Products of Animal Origin in Comparison to a Regular Diet from the Area of Middle-Eastern Europe Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102986 Authors: Kamila Kowalska Jacek Brodowski Kamila Pokorska-Niewiada Małgorzata Szczuko Introduction: The diet of Poles became similar to the western style of nutrition. It is rich in saturated fats, it contains significant quantities of salt, and has very low...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2985: Dietary Factors and Supplements Influencing Prostate Specific-Antigen (PSA) Concentrations in Men with Prostate Cancer and Increased Cancer Risk: An Evidence Analysis Review Based on Randomized Controlled Trials Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102985 Authors: Maria G. Grammatikopoulou Konstantinos Gkiouras Stefanos Τ. Papageorgiou Ioannis Myrogiannis Ioannis Mykoniatis Theodora Papamitsou Dimitrios P. Bogdanos Dimitrios G. Goulis The quest...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2984: Influence of Nutritional Intake of Carbohydrates on Mitochondrial Structure, Dynamics, and Functions during Adipogenesis Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102984 Authors: Manon Delcourt Vanessa Tagliatti Virginie Delsinne Jean-Marie Colet Anne-Emilie Declèves Obesity is an alarming yet increasing phenomenon worldwide, and more effective obesity management strategies have become essential. In addition to the numerous anti-adipogenic treatments promising...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2988: The Effects of a 12-Month Weight Loss Intervention on Cognitive Outcomes in Adults with Overweight and Obesity Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102988 Authors: Jamie C. Peven John M. Jakicic Renee J. Rogers Alina Lesnovskaya Kirk I. Erickson Chaeryon Kang Xueping Zhou Alexis Porter Shannon D. Donofry Jennifer C. Watt Chelsea M. Stillman Obesity is associated with poorer executive functioning and reward sensitivity. Yet, we know...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2982: Gut Microbiota in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: A Review Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102982 Authors: Barbara J. H. Verhaar Andrei Prodan Max Nieuwdorp Majon Muller Gut microbiota and its metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) impact cardiovascular health. In this review, we discuss how gut microbiota and gut metabolites can affect hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hypertensive...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2983: Dietary Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102983 Authors: Sara Castro-Barquero Ana María Ruiz-León Maria Sierra-Pérez Ramon Estruch Rosa Casas Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic risk factors, characterized by abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), hypertension, and insulin resistance. Lifestyle modifications, especially dietary...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2977: Metabolic Defects Caused by High-Fat Diet Modify Disease Risk through Inflammatory and Amyloidogenic Pathways in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102977 Authors: Austin M. Reilly Andy P. Tsai Peter B. Lin Aaron C. Ericsson Adrian L. Oblak Hongxia Ren High-fat diet (HFD) has been shown to accelerate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, but the exact molecular and cellular mechanisms remain incompletely...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2981: Quality-of-Life Evaluation in Coeliac Patients on a Gluten-Free Diet
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2981: Quality-of-Life Evaluation in Coeliac Patients on a Gluten-Free Diet Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102981 Authors: Ilaria Marsilio Cristina Canova Anna D’Odorico Matteo Ghisa Letizia Zingone Greta Lorenzon Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino Fabiana Zingone The treatment for coeliac disease (CD) has a considerable psychological impact on patients, which may vary depending on subjects and clinical characteristics. The aim of this study was to describe...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2980: Nutritional Aspects of Commercially Available Complementary Foods in New Zealand Supermarkets Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102980 Authors: Shanjivan Padarath Sarah Gerritsen Sally Mackay Optimal nutrition in early childhood fosters growth and development whilst preventing morbidity and mortality in later life. There is little research in New Zealand on commercially available complementary foods (CACFs). This cross-sectional study of the nutritional...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2976: Nutritional Management and Biochemical Outcomes during the Immediate Phase after Liver Transplant for Methylmalonic Acidemia Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102976 Authors: Casey Siegel Ronen Arnon Sander Florman John Bucuvalas Kimihiko Oishi Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is caused by a deficiency of methyl-malonyl-CoA mutase. It is a multisystemic condition with poor clinical outcomes characterized by frequent metabolic decompensation with acidosis,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2978: Serum 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Levels During Pregnancy in Women with Asthma: Associations with Maternal Characteristics and Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102978 Authors: Megan E. Jensen Carlos A. Camargo Soriah M. Harvey Peter G. Gibson Vanessa E. Murphy Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are common in pregnancy and associated with adverse maternal/neonatal outcomes. In pregnant women with asthma, this study...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2979: Obese Older Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Muscle Insulin Resistance Benefit from an Enriched Protein Drink during Combined Lifestyle Intervention: The PROBE Study Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102979 Authors: Wilrike J. Pasman Robert G. Memelink Johan de Vogel-Van den Bosch Mark P. V. Begieneman Willem J. van den Brink Peter J. M. Weijs Suzan Wopereis (1) Background: Recent research showed that subtypes of patients with type 2 diabetes...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2975: Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are Symptoms and Diet Linked? Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102975 Authors: Hannah Morton Kevin C. Pedley Robin J. C. Stewart Jane Coad New Zealand (NZ) has one of the world’s highest incidence rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), a group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with IBD often believe certain foods influence their disease symptoms and consequently...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2974: The Effects of a Functional Food Breakfast on Gluco-Regulation, Cognitive Performance, Mood, and Satiety in Adults Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102974 Authors: Sarah J. Kennedy Lisa Ryan Miriam E. Clegg A whole diet which combines multiple functional foods benefits metabolic risk factors and cognition, but evidence supporting meal to meal benefits, which individuals may find easier to implement, is limited. This study developed a functional food breakfast...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Nutrients, Vol. 12, Pages 2973: Plasma Lipidomics Reveals Insights into Anti-Obesity Effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Leaves and Its Constituent Luteolin in High-Fat Diet-Induced Dyslipidemic Mice Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu12102973 Authors: Jong Cheol Shon Won Cheol Kim Ri Ryu Zhexue Wu Jong-Su Seo Myung-Sook Choi Kwang-Hyeon Liu The Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat (CM) is widely used as a traditional medicine and herbal tea by the Asian population for its health...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pathogens, Vol. 9, Pages 804: The Host-Specific Intestinal Microbiota Composition Impacts Campylobacter coli Infection in a Clinical Mouse Model of Campylobacteriosis Pathogens doi: 10.3390/pathogens9100804 Authors: Markus M. Heimesaat Claudia Genger Sigri Klove Dennis Weschka Soraya Mousavi Stefan Bereswill Human Campylobacter-infections are progressively rising globally. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying C. coli–host interactions are incompletely...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 283: Citrus hystrix Extracts Protect Human Neuronal Cells against High Glucose-Induced Senescence Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100283 Authors: Nattaporn Pattarachotanant Tewin Tencomnao Citrus hystrix (CH) is a beneficial plant utilized in traditional folk medicine to relieve various health ailments. The antisenescent mechanisms of CH extracts were investigated using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities...
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Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 281: Cyclic Oligosaccharides as Active Drugs, an Updated Review Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100281 Authors: Matencio Caldera Cecone López-Nicolás Trotta There have been many reviews of the cyclic oligosaccharide cyclodextrin (CD) and CD-based materials used for drug delivery, but the capacity of CDs to complex different agents and their own intrinsic properties suggest they might also be considered for use as active drugs, not only...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 280: Peptide-Based TNF-α-Binding Decoy Therapy Mitigates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Injury in Mice Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100280 Authors: Chao-Yuan Chang Hao-Jen Hsu Jossen Foo Hung-Jen Shih Chun-Jen Huang A peptide named SEM18, possessing structural similarity to the binding site of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α to TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), was designed. We investigated whether the SEM18 peptide can mitigate lipopolysaccharide...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 278: Supramolecular Complexes of β-Cyclodextrin with Clomipramine and Doxepin: Effect of the Ring Substituent and Component of Drugs on Their Inclusion Topologies and Structural Flexibilities Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100278 Authors: Thammarat Aree Depression is a global threat. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are still efficacious in treating depression, albeit with more side effects. Cyclodextrins (CDs) with a suitable nanocavity are potential...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 279: Pharmacological Modulation of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability by Kinin Analogs in Normal and Pathologic Conditions Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100279 Authors: Dina Sikpa Lisa Whittingstall Martin Savard Réjean Lebel Jérôme Côté Stephen McManus Sylvain Chemtob David Fortin Martin Lepage Fernand Gobeil The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to the development of effective diagnostics and therapeutics...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 13, Pages 282: A Second Generation Mn-Porphyrin Dimer with a Twisted Linker as a Potential Blood Pool Agent for MRI: Tuning the Geometry and Binding with HSA Pharmaceuticals doi: 10.3390/ph13100282 Authors: Hanlin Liu Weiran Cheng Shili Dong David Feng Xu Keith Tang Xiao-an Zhang Blood-pool agents (BPAs) are MRI contrast agents (CAs) characterized by their long circulation in the vascular system to provide an extended time window for high-resolution...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 933: Therapeutic Applications of Solid Dispersions for Drugs and New Molecules: In Vitro and In Vivo Activities Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100933 Authors: Verônica da Silva Oliveira Amanda Silva de Almeida Ingrid da Silva Albuquerque Fernanda Ílary Costa Duarte Bárbara Cristina Silva Holanda Queiroz Attilio Converti Ádley Antonini Neves de Lima This review aims to provide an overview of studies that address the use, in therapeutic...
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Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 930: Scaffold-Mediated Gene Delivery for Osteochondral Repair Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100930 Authors: Madry Venkatesan Carballo-Pedrares Rey-Rico Cucchiarini Osteochondral defects involve both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. If left untreated, they may lead to osteoarthritis. Advanced biomaterial-guided delivery of gene vectors has recently emerged as an attractive therapeutic concept for osteochondral...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 931: Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles as Nanomedicine for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100931 Authors: N.Vijayakameswara Rao Jun Gi Rho Wooram Um Pramod Kumar EK Van Quy Nguyen Byeong Hoon Oh Wook Kim Jae Hyung Park Owing to their unique biological functions, hyaluronic acid (HA) and its derivatives have been explored extensively for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, drug...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 932: Statistical Design of Sustained-Release Tablet Garcinia cambogia Extract and Bioconverted Mulberry Leaf Extract for Anti-Obesity Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100932 Authors: Hye-Jin Lee Young-Guk Na Mingu Han Thi Mai Anh Pham Hyeonmin Lee Hong-Ki Lee Chang-Seon Myung Joo-Hui Han Jong-Seong Kang Kyung-Tae Kim Cheong-Weon Cho Obesity is a major health concern worldwide, and it is leading to worsening disease...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 929: Bioengineered siRNA-Based Nanoplatforms Targeting Molecular Signaling Pathways for the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Advancements Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100929 Authors: Dima Hattab Athirah Bakhtiar Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive types of breast cancer. Owing to the absenteeism of hormonal receptors expressed at the cancerous breast cells, hormonal therapies...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 927: Self-Assembled Cationic-Covered Nanoemulsion as A Novel Biocompatible Immunoadjuvant for Antiserum Production Against Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Venom Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100927 Authors: Arthur Sérgio Avelino de Medeiros Manoela Torres-Rêgo Ariane Ferreira Lacerda Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa do Egito Alianda Maira Cornélio Denise V. Tambourgi Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa Arnóbio...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Pharmaceutics, Vol. 12, Pages 928: Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Made of Ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: In Vitro Evaluation of Emerging Nanocarriers to Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases Pharmaceutics doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100928 Authors: Sara Hernando Enara Herran Rosa Maria Hernandez Manoli Igartua Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are one of the main problems of public health systems in the 21st century. The rise of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (DDS) has...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1292: Surface Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Biocompatibility of Autopolymerizing Acrylic Resins Coated with Reynoutria Elliptica Extract Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101292 Authors: Yang Kang We conducted surface characterization to assess the biocompatibility and investigate the antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens in autopolymerizing acrylic resins, coated with light-curable coating resin, containing various concentrations of Reynoutria...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1290: Gravity Signaling in Flowering Plant Roots Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101290 Authors: Shih-Heng Su Marie A. Keith Patrick H. Masson Roots typically grow downward into the soil where they anchor the plant and take up water and nutrients necessary for plant growth and development. While the primary roots usually grow vertically downward, laterals often follow a gravity set point angle that allows them to explore the surrounding environment. These responses...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1291: Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract-Based Mitigation of CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats, and HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR Cell-Lines-Based Cytotoxicity Evaluations Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101291 Authors: Mohammed Khan El-Readi Emwas Sioud Poulson Jaremko Eldeeb Al-Omar Mohammed Suaeda vermiculata, an edible halophytic plant, used by desert nomads to treat jaundice, was investigated for its hepatoprotective bioactivity...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1289: Potential Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Mediterranean Aromatic Plants on Target Weeds and Soil Microorganisms Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101289 Authors: Amira Jouini Mercedes Verdeguer Samuele Pinton Fabrizio Araniti Eristanna Palazzolo Luigi Badalucco Vito Armando Laudicina Essential oils (EOs), extracted from aromatic plants, have been proposed as candidates to develop natural herbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the herbicidal...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1288: Chemotaxonomic Evaluation by Volatolomics Analysis of Fifty-Two Genotypes of Myrtus communis L. Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101288 Authors: Marianna Usai Mauro Marchetti Nicola Culeddu Maurizio Mulas A population of 52 genotypes of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.), selected in the framework of a domestication program and growing in the same collection field at Oristano (Central Western Sardinia, 39°54′ N 8°35′ E), was...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Plants, Vol. 9, Pages 1287: The Effect of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb Accumulation on Biochemical Parameters (Proline, Chlorophyll) in the Water Caltrop (Trapa natans L.), Lake Skadar, Montenegro Plants doi: 10.3390/plants9101287 Authors: Dragana Petrovic Sladjana Krivokapic The aim of the present study is to investigate the bioaccumulation and translocation of various heavy metals, notably copper, zinc, cadmium and lead, in the different plant organs of Trapa natans L. (the root, stem, and...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Religions, Vol. 11, Pages 500: Race, Ethnicity, and the Functional Use of Religion When Faced with Imminent Death Religions doi: 10.3390/rel11100500 Authors: Ryan A. Smith This article uses religious coping theory to theorize about how and why race and ethnic groups on death row frame religious last statements at the moment of imminent death. Unique data (N = 269) drawn from death row inmates in Texas between December 1982 and April 2016 reveal uniformity in the dominance that black,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Religions, Vol. 11, Pages 496: Religious/Spiritual Referrals in Hospice and Palliative Care Religions doi: 10.3390/rel11100496 Authors: Panagiotis Pentaris Khyati Tripathi This study examines the religious/spiritual referral patterns in hospice and palliative care. Religion and death are two highly intersected topics and albeit often discussed together in hospice and palliative care, little is known about how professionals respond to religious/spiritual needs of patients/families/friends...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Religions, Vol. 11, Pages 498: Positive Religious Coping and Mental Health among Christians and Muslims in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic Religions doi: 10.3390/rel11100498 Authors: Justin Thomas Mariapaola Barbato Positive religious coping has frequently been associated with better mental health outcomes when dealing with stressful life events (e.g., natural disasters, domestic abuse, divorce). The COVID-19 pandemic, and the associated infection prevention and control measures...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Religions, Vol. 11, Pages 499: Theodramatic Themes and Showtime in Nassim Soleimanpour’s White Rabbit Red Rabbit Religions doi: 10.3390/rel11100499 Authors: Charles A. Gillespie This essay engages the experimental playwright Nassim Soleimanpour’s White Rabbit Red Rabbit alongside the theological dramatic theory of Hans Urs von Balthasar. Every Soleimanpour play can only happen once. Actors receive the script as they begin the show; any given actor must perform Soleimanpour’s...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Religions, Vol. 11, Pages 497: Reassessing the Inculcation of an Anti-Racist Ethic for Christian Ministry: From Racism Awareness to Deconstructing Whiteness Religions doi: 10.3390/rel11100497 Authors: Anthony Reddie This paper outlines the means by which candidates training for Christian ministry are encouraged to engage with the deontological positionality of anti-racism as a substantive element of Christian praxis. The first part of the paper provides some brief historical reflections...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Resources, Vol. 9, Pages 117: Analysis of Current Status and Regulatory Promotion for Incineration Bottom Ash Recycling in Taiwan Resources doi: 10.3390/resources9100117 Authors: Chi-Hung Tsai Yun-Hwei Shen Wen-Tien Tsai Incineration is the most important technology for treating municipal solid waste (MSW) and industrial waste in Taiwan. Currently, there are 24 large-scale MSW incineration plants operated to generate about 1.2 million metric tons of residual ash (mostly bottom...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Social Sciences, Vol. 9, Pages 172: Leaving a Violent Child Marriage: Experiences of Adult Survivors in Uganda Social Sciences doi: 10.3390/socsci9100172 Authors: Esther Nanfuka Florence Turyomurugyendo Eric Ochen Graham Gibbs Violence against women and girls remains a major public health threat the world over. A significant amount of violence experienced by women is perpetrated by their intimate partners. Moreover, the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence is amplified...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Social Sciences, Vol. 9, Pages 171: Co-Creative Action Research Experiments—A Careful Method for Causal Inference and Societal Impact Social Sciences doi: 10.3390/socsci9100171 Authors: Arjen van Witteloostuijn Nele Cannaerts Wim Coreynen Zainab Noor el Hejazi Joeri van Hugten Ellen Loots Hendrik Slabbinck Johanna Vanderstraeten The rigor-versus-relevance debate in the world of academia is, by now, an old-time classic that does not seem to go away so easily. The...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 12, Pages 624: Uremic Toxins and Vascular Calcification–Missing the Forest for All the Trees Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins12100624 Authors: Rapp Evenepoel Stenvinkel Schurgers The cardiorenal syndrome relates to the detrimental interplay between the vascular system and the kidney. The uremic milieu induced by reduced kidney function alters the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and promotes vascular calcification, a condition which is strongly linked...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 12, Pages 622: Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Inflammation Are Increased in Broiler Chickens Receiving an Oral Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bolus during Heat Stress Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins12100622 Authors: Nicole Reisinger Caroline Emsenhuber Barbara Doupovec Elisabeth Mayer Gerd Schatzmayr Veronika Nagl Bertrand Grenier Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also termed endotoxins, are the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In general,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 12, Pages 623: Cytotoxicity Produced by Silicate Nanoplatelets: Study of Cell Death Mechanisms Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins12100623 Authors: Jie-Ting Huang Ling-Chu Chang Chung-Ssu Cheng Jiang-Jen Lin San-Yuan Huang Shuen-Ei Chen Nano-silicate platelets (NSP), an exfoliated product from natural clays, have been validated for biosafety and as an effective supplement to alleviate mycotoxicosis. Since NSP induced noticeable cell death, we therefore investigated...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Urban Science, Vol. 4, Pages 47: On the Reliable Generation of 3D City Models from Open Data Urban Science doi: 10.3390/urbansci4040047 Authors: Girindran Boyd Rosser Vijayan Long Robinson A 3D model communicates more effectively than a 2D model, hence the applications of 3D city models are rapidly gaining significance in urban studies. However, presently, there is a dearth of free of cost, high-resolution 3D city models available for use. This paper offers potential...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Vaccines, Vol. 8, Pages 561: Measuring the Benefits of Mass Vaccination Programs in the United States Vaccines doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040561 Authors: Hector Magno Beatrice Golomb Since the late 1940s, mass vaccination programs in the USA have contributed to the significantly reduced morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases. To assist the evaluation of the benefits of mass vaccination programs, the number of individuals who would have suffered death or permanent disability in...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1109: Overview of the Nucleic-Acid Binding Properties of the HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein in Its Different Maturation States Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101109 Authors: Mouhand Pasi Catala Zargarian Belfetmi Barraud Mauffret Tisné HIV-1 Gag polyprotein orchestrates the assembly of viral particles. Its C-terminus consists of the nucleocapsid (NC) domain that interacts with nucleic acids, and p1 and p6, two unstructured regions, p6 containing...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1106: Gene Therapy Applications of Non-Human Lentiviral Vectors Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101106 Authors: Munis Recent commercialization of lentiviral vector (LV)-based cell therapies and successful reports of clinical studies have demonstrated the untapped potential of LVs to treat diseases and benefit patients. LVs hold notable and inherent advantages over other gene transfer agents based on their ability to transduce non-dividing cells, permanently transform...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1105: Releasing Intracellular NS1 from Mosquito Cells for the Detection of Dengue Virus-Infected Mosquitoes Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101105 Authors: Lie Cheng Wei-Liang Liu Hsing-Han Li Matthew P. Su Shih-Cheng Wu Hsin-Wei Chen Chao-Ying Pan Jih-Jin Tsai Chun-Hong Chen Dengue virus (DENV), the pathogen that causes dengue fever, is mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Surveillance of infected mosquitoes is a major component of integrated...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1107: A Functional K+ Channel from Tetraselmis Virus 1, a Member of the Mimiviridae Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101107 Authors: Kukovetz Hertel Schvarcz Saponaro Manthey Burk Greiner Steward Van Etten Moroni Thiel Rauh Potassium ion (K+) channels have been observed in diverse viruses that infect eukaryotic marine and freshwater algae. However, experimental evidence for functional K+ channels among these alga-infecting viruses...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1104: Interaction of Human ACE2 to Membrane-Bound SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 S Glycoproteins Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101104 Authors: Sai Priya Anand Yaozong Chen Jérémie Prévost Romain Gasser Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières Cameron F. Abrams Marzena Pazgier Andrés Finzi Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, infecting millions of people and causing...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1108: A New Approach to 3D Modeling of Inhomogeneous Populations of Viral Regulatory RNA Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101108 Authors: Osmer Singh Boris-Lawrie Tertiary structure (3D) is the physical context of RNA regulatory activity. Retroviruses are RNA viruses that replicate through the proviral DNA intermediate transcribed by hosts. Proviral transcripts form inhomogeneous populations due to variable structural ensembles of overlapping regulatory RNA motifs...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1103: The Old and the New: Prospects for Non-Integrating Lentiviral Vector Technology Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101103 Authors: Apolonia Luis Lentiviral vectors have been developed and used in multiple gene and cell therapy applications. One of their main advantages over other vectors is the ability to integrate the genetic material into the genome of the host. However, this can also be a disadvantage as it may lead to insertional mutagenesis. To address this, non-integrating...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1101: Molecular Viral Diagnosis and Sanitation of Yam Genetic Resources: Implications for Safe Yam Germplasm Exchange Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101101 Authors: Marie Umber Denis Filloux Suzia Gélabale Rose-Marie Gomez Armelle Marais Séverine Gallet Franciane Gamiette Claudie Pavis Pierre-Yves Teycheney Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is an important crop in tropical and subtropical regions. Many viruses have been recently identified in yam, hampering...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1100: Features of Nuclear Export Signals of NS2 Protein of Influenza D Virus
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1100: Features of Nuclear Export Signals of NS2 Protein of Influenza D Virus Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101100 Authors: Lingcai Zhao Huizhi Xia Jingjin Huang Yiqing Zheng Chang Liu Juan Su Jihui Ping Emerging influenza D viruses (IDVs), the newest member in the genus Orthomyxovirus family, which can infect and transmit in multiple mammalian species as its relatives the influenza A viruses (IAVs). Additional studies of biological characteristics...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1102: Treatment with Exogenous Trypsin Expands In Vitro Cellular Tropism of the Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12101102 Authors: Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett Sarah Keep Erica Bickerton The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a highly contagious and economically important respiratory disease in poultry. In the laboratory, most IBV strains are restricted to replication in ex vivo organ cultures or in ovo...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2728: GuEstNBL: The Software for the Guided Estimation of the Natural Background Levels of the Aquifers Water doi: 10.3390/w12102728 Authors: Chidichimo Biase Costabile Cuiuli Reillo Migliorino Treccosti Straface Natural background levels (NBLs) for targeted chemical elements characterize a specific groundwater body, the knowledge of which represents a fundamental information for environmental agencies responsible for the protection,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2727: Introduction of Confidence Interval Based on Probability Limit Method Test into Non-Stationary Hydrological Frequency Analysis Water doi: 10.3390/w12102727 Authors: Shimizu Yamada Yamada Nonstationarity in hydrological variables has been identified throughout Japan in recent years. As a result, the reliability of designs derived from using method based on the assumption of stationary might deteriorate. Non-stationary hydrological frequency analysis...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2725: Infiltration Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Soil Moisture in Layered Soil under Vertical Tube Irrigation Water doi: 10.3390/w12102725 Authors: Wang Bai Li Wang Pei Dong The limited quantity of irrigation water in Xinjiang has hindered agricultural development in the region and water-saving irrigation technologies are crucial to addressing this water shortage. Vertical tube irrigation, a type of subsurface irrigation,...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2726: The Assessment of Hydrological Availability and the Payment for Ecosystem Services: A Pilot Study in a Brazilian Headwater Catchment Water doi: 10.3390/w12102726 Authors: Mariana Bárbara Lopes Simedo Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra Antonio Lucio Mello Martins Lopes Costa Zanata Pacheco Fernandes The assessment of water availability in river basins is at the top of the water security agenda. Historically, the assessment of stream...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2724: Geomechanical Constraints on Hydro-Seismicity: Tidal Forcing and Reservoir Operation Water doi: 10.3390/w12102724 Authors: Pampillón Santillán Mosquera Cueto-Felgueroso Nonstationarity in hydrological variables has been identified throughout Japan in recent years. As a result, the reliability of designs derived from using method based on the assumption of stationary might deteriorate. Non-stationary hydrological frequency analysis is among the...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2723: Stormwater Filtration Performance for the Ecosol Storm Pit (Class 2): Statistical Analysis of Field Data Water doi: 10.3390/w12102723 Authors: Fereydoon Pooya Nejad Aaron C. Zecchin An independent field performance evaluation for a secondary stormwater filtration device, named the Ecosol Strom Pit (Class 2), was performed between May 2017 and July 2019 in an urban catchment in Queensland, Australia. During the testing period, a total of 37 rainfall events...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2722: Method Consideration of Variation Diagnosis and Design Value Calculation of Flood Sequence in Yiluo River Basin, China Water doi: 10.3390/w12102722 Authors: Xinxin Li Xixia Ma Xiaodong Li Wenjiang Zhang The conventional approaches of the design flood calculation are based on the assumption that the hydrological time series is subject to the same distribution in the past, present, and future, i.e., the series should be consistent. However, the traditional...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2719: Compatibility of the Invasive Alien Lemna minuta and Its Potential Biocontrol Agent Cataclysta lemnata Water doi: 10.3390/w12102719 Authors: Flaminia Mariani Neil Thomas William Ellwood Vincenzo Zuccarello Simona Ceschin The American duckweed Lemna minuta is invasive in freshwater habitats across much of Europe, often causing serious ecological impacts. To date, few studies have addressed how to halt its expansion. However, encouraging empirical evidence...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2721: Determination of the Bioaccumulative Potential Risk of Emerging Contaminants in Fish Muscle as an Environmental Quality Indicator in Coastal Lagoons of the Central Mexican Pacific Water doi: 10.3390/w12102721 Authors: Miguel Ángel Arguello-Pérez Eduardo Ramírez-Ayala Jorge Alberto Mendoza-Pérez María Magdalena Monroy-Mendieta Miguel Vázquez-Guevara Carlos Lezama-Cervantes Enrique Godínez-Domínguez Francisco de Asís Silva-Bátiz Adrián Tintos-Gómez...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2720: Adsorption of As(V) by the Novel and Efficient Adsorbent Cerium-Manganese Modified Biochar Water doi: 10.3390/w12102720 Authors: Ting Liang Lianfang Li Changxiong Zhu Xue Liu Hongna Li Qianqian Su Jing Ye Bing Geng Yunlong Tian Muhammad Fahad Sardar Xiaoya Huang Feng Li Arsenic has become a global concern in water environment, and it is essential to develop efficient remediation methods. In this study, a novel adsorbent by...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2717: Timescale Methods for Simplifying, Understanding and Modeling Biophysical and Water Quality Processes in Coastal Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review Water doi: 10.3390/w12102717 Authors: Lisa V. Lucas Eric Deleersnijder In this article, we describe the use of diagnostic timescales as simple tools for illuminating how aquatic ecosystems work, with a focus on coastal systems such as estuaries, lagoons, tidal rivers, reefs, deltas, gulfs, and continental shelves....
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2718: Anthropization and Climate Change: Impact on the Discharges of Forest Watersheds in Central Africa Water doi: 10.3390/w12102718 Authors: Valentin Brice Ebodé Gil Mahé Jean Guy Dzana Joseph Armathé Amougou Climate change and anthropization are major drivers of river flows variability. However, understanding their simultaneous impact on discharges is limited. As a contribution to address this limitation, the objective of this study is to assess the...
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 2716: Investigating Decision Mechanisms of Statutory Stakeholders in Flood Risk Strategy Formation: A Computational Experiments Approach Water doi: 10.3390/w12102716 Authors: Ifigeneia Koutiva Archontia Lykou Chris Pantazis Christos Makropoulos Cities at risk of extreme hydro-meteorological events need to be prepared to decrease the extent of the impacts. However, sometimes, authorities only react to catastrophes failing to proactively prepare against extremes....
Tue Sep 29, 2020 03:00
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