Arthrocentesis versus non-surgical intervention as initial treatment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia: a randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Arthrocentesis versus non-surgical intervention as initial treatment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia: a randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com Arthrocentesis for arthralgia of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is often only indicated when conservative, non-surgical interventions have failed. However, performing arthrocentesis as initial therapy may facilitate earlier and better recuperation of the joint. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of this therapy with a long-term follow-up. Eighty-four patients were randomly allocated to receive either arthrocentesis as initial treatment (n  = 41) or non-surgical intervention (n = 43). (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on Web

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Prevention of the Occupational Silicosis Epidemic

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevention of the Occupational Silicosis Epidemic in Australia: What Do Those Who Assess Workplace Health Risk Think Should Be Done Now? via Annals of Work Exposures and Health Advance Access Abstract An Australian National Dust Disease Taskforce was established to address the re-emergence of occupational lung disease, in particular silicosis. Exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) occurs in various industries in Australia. We asked occupational hygienists about their practical experiences and perspectives on RCS exposure and regulatory action. A total of 105 members of the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists completed an anonymous questionnaire, which addressed individual characteristics, experience, perceived level of employer awareness, effectiveness of current regulation, and recommendations for improvement, across three main industrial sectors. Based on professional experience, 71% were concerned about the potential for RCS over-exposure. Barriers to adequate exposure control included lack of management commitment and financial resources. The employment of specialist occupational hygiene inspectors was considered to b e the most effective regulatory strategy. Given the large number of exposed workers in the construction industry, with only a moderate awareness, there is the potential for significant cost shifting of the burden of occupational lung disease from employers on to individuals and the public health system. A nationally consistent approach to RCS exposure control across all industrial sectors is now recommended, with an increased focus on measuring and controlling exposure. View on Web

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The T‐shaped FST pharyngoplasty step‐by‐step closure technique

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The T‐shaped FST pharyngoplasty step‐by‐step closure technique via Head & Neck Abstract Pharyngocutaneous fistula is one of the most common and serious complications associated with total laryngectomy. Numerous studies tried to evaluate causative and predisposing factors associated with this complication, but data are considerably variable and there is still no international consensus. Incidence rate varies considerably between studies, with reported rates from 3% to 65%. This 4K video presents our T-shaped four-step technique (FST) for closing the pharyngeal mucosa after total laryngectomy in a step-by-step manner. All sutures were performed by braided absorbable 3/0 26 mm 1/2c (Vicryl plus 3.0; Ethicon, Somerville, NJ, USA). Recordings were performed using a Karl Storz 4K 3D VITOM® exoscope (Karl Storz SE & Co. KG, Tuttlingen, Germany). We have been described this technique through a high-definition video, showing each step, and tips from the authors. Our T-shaped pharyngoplasty closure technique can be divided into four steps: 1. "Key Stitches"; 2. "A rea Refinement Stitches"; 3. "Modified Connell Suture"; 4. "Modified Purse String Suture." Our T-shaped FST closure technique proved to be an effective and reproducible method, which we feel could be the preferred choice for primary pharyngoplasty closure. View on Web

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Analyzing Sinonasal Microbiota of Fungal Rhinosinusitis by Next Generation Sequencing

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Analyzing Sinonasal Microbiota of Fungal Rhinosinusitis by Next Generation Sequencing via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives Fungal rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose that may lead to life-threatening complications. This study compared the bacterial and fungal microbiomes between patients with invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFRS) and non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (NIFRS). Design This was a prospective study including 18 IFRS and NIFRS patients. Fugal and bacterial microbiomes from surgical specimens were sequenced from amplicons of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region and the V3-V4 region of the 16S locus, respectively. Microbiomes were generated using the Illumina MiSeq System 2 x 301 base pair chemistry with a paired–end protocol. Setting Tertiary medical center. Results Targeted metagenomics identified Aspergillus spp. as the predominant fungus in both IFRS and NIFRS patients. Based on phylum and genera level diversity, and abundance differences, significant differences of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Neisseria, and Streptococcus) were more abundant in NIFRS compared with IFRS patients. Conclusions This is the first study to analyze bacterial and fungal microbiomes in patients with IFRS and NIFRS via ITS1 and 16S genomics sequencing. Bacterial microbiomes from patients with IFRS demonstrated dysbiosis (alterations in diversity and abundance) compared to those from patients with NIFRS. View on Web

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Immunomodulatory fibrous hyaluronic acid‐Fmoc‐diphenylalanine‐based hydrogel induces bone regeneration

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Immunomodulatory fibrous hyaluronic acid‐Fmoc‐diphenylalanine‐based hydrogel induces bone regeneration via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aim To investigate the potential of an ultra-short aromatic peptide hydrogelator integrated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to serve as a scaffold for bone regeneration. Materials and methods Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-diphenylalanine (FmocFF)/HA hydrogel was prepared and characterized using microscopy and rheology. Osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts was investigated using Alizarin red, alkaline phosphatase and calcium deposition assays. In vivo, 5-mm diameter calvarial critical-sized defects were prepared in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and filled with either FmocFF/HA hydrogel, deproteinized bovine bone mineral, FmocFF/Alginate (Alg) hydrogel or left unfilled. 8 weeks following implantation, histology and micro-CT analyses were performed. Immunohistochemistry was performed in 6 rats to assess the hydrogel's immunomodulatory effect. Results A nanofibrous FmocFF/HA hydrogel with a high storage modulus of 46KPa was prepared. It supported osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and facilitated calcium deposition. In vivo, the hydrogel implantation resulted in approximately 93% bone restoration. It induced bone deposition not only around the margins, but also generated bony islets along the defect. Elongated M2 macrophages lining at the periosteum-hydrogel interface were observed 1 week after implantation. After 3 weeks, these macrophages were dispersed through the regenerating tissue surrounding the newly formed bone. Conclusion FmocFF/HA hydrogel can serve as a cell-free, biomimetic, immunomodulatory scaffold for bone regeneration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Functional Outcomes of Swallowing Following Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Functional Outcomes of Swallowing Following Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea via The Laryngoscope Identification, evaluation, and management of pre-and postoperative swallowing dysfunction in patients undergoing upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is limited. This study evaluated subjective swallowing function pre and postoperatively in patients undergoing multi-level reconstructive pharyngeal sleep surgery. Objective Identification and evaluation of swallowing dysfunction in patients undergoing upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is limited. This study evaluated subjective swallowing function pre and postoperatively in patients undergoing multi-level reconstructive pharyngeal sleep surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of prospectively-administered Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) scores was conducted among adult patients undergoing surgery for OSA at a tertiary sleep surgery center. Preoperative and 1, 3, and 6-month postoperative time points were assessed. Patients were subdivided into two groups based on the degree of upper airway reconstruction performed. All patients underwent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty +/−tonsillectomy and tongue-base reduction. Patients undergoing Phase 1 reconstructive surgery additionally underwent tongue-base advancement procedures. Results A total 100 patients underwent airway reconstructive surgery. Forty-one patients underwent Phase 1 surgery; 59 patients underwent Mini-Phase 1 surgery. Neither group demonstrated preoperative dysphagia. Both groups experienced significant subjective dysphagia at 1-month postoperatively, which was greater among Phase 1 patients (mean EAT-10 14.8; SD 10.4) versus Mini-Phase 1 patients (mean EAT-10 6.7; SD 7.5) (p < 0.001). Swallowing function among both groups normalized by 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Phase 1 patients with pre-operative dysphagia (mean EAT-10 9.6; SD 5) demonstrated initial worsening of their swallowing postoperatively; however, reported improved swallowing versus pre-operative levels by 6 months postoperatively (mean EAT-10 3.6; SD 4.3) (p = 0.03). Conclusion Pharyngeal surgery resulted in no significant, persistent adverse change in swallowing function. Among both groups, significant subjective dysphagia was reported at 1 month postoperatively, yet returned to preoperative levels by 6 months postoperatively. OSA patients with pre-existing dysphagia undergoing Phase 1 surgery trended towards improved swallowing function postoperatively. Level of Evidence 2 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Effectiveness of root canal treatment for vital pulps compared with necrotic pulps in the presence or absence of signs of periradicular pathosis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effectiveness of root canal treatment for vital pulps compared with necrotic pulps in the presence or absence of signs of periradicular pathosis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis via International Endodontic Journal Abstract Background Pre-operative pulpal status may influence the outcomes of root canal treatment (RCTx) according to various measures used. Objectives To compare effectiveness of RCTx of teeth with a vital pulp versus a necrotic pulp using a range of clinical and patient-related outcomes, for the development of S3-Level clinical practice guidelines. Methods A search was conducted in the PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Google scholar databases and available repositories, followed by hand searches, until 29 March 2022. Clinical studies published in English language comparing the stipulated outcomes of RCTx of teeth with vital versus necrotic pulp were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was adapted to assess study quality. Effects of pulpal status were estimated and expressed as risk ratio (RR) using fixed- and random-effect meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool. Results Twenty-eight studies published between 1961 and 2021 were included. Five studies have investigated the 'tooth survival' outcome, four reported pulpal status was not a significant predictor, consistent with meta-analysis finding (RR: 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.00; n=3). Seven studies reported pulpal status had no significant influence on post-operative pain, regardless of duration after treatment. Sixteen studies have analysed 'periapical health', eleven revealed pulpal status had no significant influence. Meta-analyses revealed the influence was not significant if pre-operative periapical radiolucency was absent (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00; n=9) but significant if it was present (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.19; n=11). Most studies were classified as 'some concerns' (n=16) to 'low' (n=10) risk of bias (RoB). Discussion Evidence is limited and only available for three outcomes when comparing the effectiveness of RCTx in permanent teeth with vital pulp versus pulp necrosis. Nevertheless, the quality of available evidence was moderate to high. The 'periapical health' data heterogeneity could be explained by pre-operative radiolucency, thus RCTx was found more effective for prevention than resolution of apical periodontitis. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the 'tooth survival', 'post-operative pain' and 'evidence of apical radiolucency' outcomes of RCTx in teeth with vital or necrotic pulps. View on Web

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Vertebral fractures assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and all-cause mortality. The Tromsø Study 2007-2020

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Vertebral fractures assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and all-cause mortality. The Tromsø Study 2007-2020 via American Journal of Epidemiology - Advance Access Abstract Vertebral fractures have been associated with increased mortality, but findings are inconclusive, and many vertebral fractures avoid clinical attention. We investigated this association in a general population of 2476 older adults aged ≥55 years from Tromsø, Norway, who were followed over 2007-2020, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline to evaluate vertebral fractures (mild, moderate, severe). We used multiple Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education, smoking, alcohol intake, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease. Mean follow-up in the cohort was 11.2±2.7 years. 341 participants (13.8%) had one or more vertebral fractures at baseline, and 636 participants (25.7%) died between baseline and follow-up. Fully adjusted models showed a non-significant association between vertebral fracture status (yes/no) and mortality. Participants with ≥three vertebral fractures (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.57-3.78), or at least one severe vertebral fracture (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.26-2.15) had increased mortality compared to those with no vertebral fractures. DXA-based screening could be a potent and feasible tool in detecting vertebral fractures that are often clinically silent yet independently associated with premature death. Our data indicate that detailed vertebral assessment could be warranted for a more accurate survival estimation. View on Web

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Unveiling HERV‐K113‐ENV as SARS‐CoV‐2 severity admissible biomarker by mining transcriptome data

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Unveiling HERV‐K113‐ENV as SARS‐CoV‐2 severity admissible biomarker by mining transcriptome data via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Discovering the severity biomarker for SASR-CoV-2 can reduce the unnecessary hospital occupancy of COVID-19-positive adult people. Here we report the human endogenous retrovirus K113 envelope (HERV-K113-ENV) transcription as an admissible SARS-CoV-2 severity biomarker by the mining of adult Indian whole-blood transcriptome data. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Systemic conditions associated with increased risk to develop oral squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Systemic conditions associated with increased risk to develop oral squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis via Head & Neck Abstract This study aimed to map systemic alterations predisposing to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) onset. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Five databases were used to access (1) reports of OSCC co-occurring in patients with systemic conditions, (2) prevalence of OSCC among these patients, and (3) clinicopathological profiles. Data from more than 1 million patients worldwide showed that Fanconi's anemia, xeroderma pigmentosum, dyskeratosis congenital, chronic fatigue syndrome, and patients post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) present increased risk for OSCC development. The overall prevalence of OSCC in syndromic patients and post-BMT were 0.65% (95% CI = 0.13–3.11, p < 0.01) and 5.83% (95% CI = 0.00–30.90, p < 0.01), respectively. The certainty of the evidence was moderate. This study demonstrated that some systemic conditions predispose to OSCC. These results present an impact on the screening of OSCC in systemically compromised patients. View on Web

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