Effect of valproic acid on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase in a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of valproic acid on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase in a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer Via radioactive iodine Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Aug 10. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06616-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system seen in the thyroid gland. More than 90% of thyroid cancers comprise papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). Although anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for less than 2% of thyroid cancer. But patients' lifespan after diagnosis is about 6 months. Surgical interventions, radioactive iodine use, and chemotherapy are not sufficient in the treatment of ATC, so alternative therapies are needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: The WST-1 assay test was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative effects of Valproic acid (VPA). Also, the effect of VPA on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase was determined by Quantitative RT-PCR. In the SW1736 cell line, IC50 dose for VPA was found 1.6 mg/ml. In our study, the level of oncogenic genes expression in cells treated with VPA, including miR-184, miR-222-5p, miR-124-3p, and miR-328-3p, decreased. Also, the expression of tumor inhibitory genes including miR-323-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-217, miR-15a-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-324-5p and miR-101-5p increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: VPA can ad-just countless gene expression patterns, including microRNAs (miRNAs), by targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC). However, further studies are required for more accurate results. PMID:34374891 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-021-06616-2 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature Via radioactive iodine Laryngoscope. 2021 Aug 10. doi: 10.1002/lary.29811. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) have long been treated with either surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI). Being an invasive procedure, even thyroid lobectomy for this condition is associated with complications such as anesthesia side effects, scarring, iatrogenic hypothyroidism, and injury to other structures. Similarly, RAI is associated with hypothyroidism and may require multiple courses. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are being advocated as an alternative treatment for AFTNs. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic and are largely on European and Asian populations. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of RFA as a potential alternative for treatment of AFTNs compared to conventional surgery and radioiodine. METHODS/STUDY DESIGN: Comprehensive PubMed and Embase searches were performed using the following terms such as (autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and radiofrequency ablation), (radiofrequency ablation and hyperthyroidism), and (radiofrequency ablation and toxic thyroid nodule). Both prospective and retrospective studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria specified in the text. RESULTS: Initially, 57 studies were identified and after excluding 47 studies, finally 10 studies were included in the review. CONC LUSION: Although surgery remains the first line treatment for AFTN. However, RFA is a safe option compared to RAI or surgery, especially in patients who are high-risk surgical candidates or have absolute contraindications to RAI. Currently, trials with follow-up greater than or equal to 5 years are warranted. It will aid in formulating a standardized surveillance protocol and also generalize RFA's use for AFTN. Laryngoscope, 2021. PMID:34375454 | DOI:10.1002/lary.29811 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Surgery as a Last Resort for Persistent Auricular Perichondritis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Surgery as a Last Resort for Persistent Auricular Perichondritis Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Aug 10:1455613211038343. doi: 10.1177/01455613211038343. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Auricular perichondritis is a severe bacterial inflammation of the cartilaginous part of the external ear sparing the lobule and the tragus. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid necrosis of the underlying cartilage and permanent auricular deformity. Management includes antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Surgery to control the in flammation is sometimes necessary. Wide cartilage and subcutaneous tissue debridement with preservation of the helical rim to minimize the resulting auricular deformity is necessary. PMID:34375535 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211038343 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Impact of Swallowing Impairment on Quality of Life of Individuals with Dysphagia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of Swallowing Impairment on Quality of Life of Individuals with Dysphagia Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To explore oral intake and quality of life measures among individuals with dysphagia. This cross-sectional study with purposive sampling included 15 individuals with dysphagia. Functional oral intake scale (FOIS) and Dysphagia Quality of Life questionnaire in Marathi (DQOL-QM) were administered on individuals with dysphagia to evaluate oral intake levels and swallow related quality of life respectively. Data was collected using the interview method via tele-mode. Statistical analysis using Spearman's rank correlation revealed significant negative correlation (ρ = − 0.87) between oral intake and overall quality of life of the individuals with dysphagia. This negative impact was observed across all the domains of their quality of life. A considerable negative impact on quality of life was observed with declining oral intake of the individual with dysphagia. As oral intake plays an important role in the quality of life, decisions regarding the mode of feeding must be guided by the preferences of the individual and their family. strategies that enhance oral intake improves quality of life of dysphagic individual. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hearing Impairment and Audiological Alterations in Euthyroid Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hearing Impairment and Audiological Alterations in Euthyroid Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Introduction: Hearing loss may be associated with autoimmune diseases, but it was less studied in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). We aimed to evaluate hearing impairment and audiological alterations in adults with euthyroid HT. Methods: Adult patients with euthyroid HT (normal thyroid functions, positive antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)/anti-thyroglobulin, and sonographic findings) were compared with controls. We excluded pregnant or older patients (#x3e;40 years) , those with a history of otological/audiological disease or surgery, otitis media, acoustic trauma, chronic illnesses, use of alcohol, cigarette, medications, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear, antimitochondrial, antiparietal, antineutrophil cytoplasmic, anti-smooth muscle, or antigliadin antibodies, abnormal biochemical or otological findings. Tympanometry which indicates tympanic peak pressure (TPP, daPa), acoustic reflex testing (ART), pure-tone average (PTA), and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) were performed. We grouped the participants according to ART (positive/negative), TEOAE (normal/undetected), and PTA (≤20/#x3e;20 decibel). Results: Air conduction thresholds on the right ear at 500, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 Hz, PTA, and the left ear at 250, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 Hz were higher in euthyroid HT (n = 36) than in controls (n = 40) (p #x3c; 0.05). We found less negative TPP and a higher ratio of negative ART in euthyroid HT (< i>p #x3c; 0.05). Euthyroid HT predicted undetected TEOAE and increased hearing threshold on the right ear at 500 and 8,000 Hz (p #x3c; 0.001). TEOAE detected audiological abnormality at a higher rate. Anti-TPO was positively correlated with TPP and air conduction thresholds, except the right ear at 8,000 Hz. Discussion/Conclusion: Hearing and audiological tests may be impaired in euthyroid HT. We recommend close monitoring of audiological functions in these patients. TE­OAE more specifically indicates audiological abnormality. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Autologous Lipoaugmentation Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Autologous Lipoaugmentation Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Vocal fold (VF) lipoaugmentation can be employed to treat glottal insufficiency although variable data exist on its length of effectiveness. We aimed to review published long-term outcomes following lipoaugmentation across the literature and compile outcome data. Study Design Systematic review. Methods A systematic search in September 2020 of PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify 128 relevant articles related to VF lipoaugmentation effectiveness duration. Primary search terms included the following: vocal cord, fat, lipo, and atrophy. Forty-eight full-text articles were reviewed and 31 were included in the final analysis. Primary endpoints included the following: duration of effectiveness per patient-reported outcome measures, objective findings, and additional procedures performed. In addition, fat harvest location and processing techniques were recorded. Findings Thirty-one studies totaling 764 patients were included in the review. Indications for augmentation were VF paralysis (N = 690) and atrophy (N = 74). Fat was harvested from the abdominal region in 21 studies (529 patients), the thigh/abdomen in 5 studies (91 patients), and buccal/submental region in 2 studies (33 patients). Processing techniques and injectable volume varied. Across included studies, only 11 of 764 patients (1.4%) reported no improvement in voice and/or swallowing. Within the first year, 71 of 608 patients (11.7%) reported a regression toward baseline. Beyond 1 year and up to 8 years, 27 of 214 patients (12.6%) reported regression from initial improvement. Thirty-three patients underwent additional procedures. Conclusion Although improvements in voice and swallowing after lipoaugmentation taper over time, most patients experienced long-term benefit. Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature Via The Laryngoscope Objective Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) have long been treated with either surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI). Being an invasive procedure, even thyroid lobectomy for this condition is associated with complications such as anesthesia side effects, scarring, iatrogenic hypothyroidism, and injury to other structures. Similarly, RAI is associated with hypothyroidism and may require multiple courses. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are being advocated as an alternative treatment for AFTNs. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic and are largely on European and Asian populations. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of RFA as a potential alternative for treatment of AFTNs compared to conventional surgery and radioiodine. Methods/Study design Comprehensive PubMed and Embase searches were performed using the following terms such as (autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and radiofrequency ablation), (radiofrequency ablation and hyperthyroidism), and (radiofrequency ablation and toxic thyroid nodule). Both prospective and retrospective studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria specified in the text. Results Initially, 57 studies were identified and after excluding 47 studies, finally 10 studies were included in the review. Conclusion Although surgery remains the first line treatment for AFTN. However, RFA is a safe option compared to RAI or surgery, especially in patients who are high-risk surgical candidates or have absolute contraindications to RAI. Currently, trials with follow-up greater than or equal to 5 years are warranted. It will aid in formulating a standardized surveillance protocol and also generalize RFA's use for AFTN. Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Juvenile Angiofibroma: What Is on Stage?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Juvenile Angiofibroma: What Is on Stage? Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis The aim of the present study is to validate and compare four of the most widely used staging systems for juvenile angiofibroma on a homogeneous cohort of patients. Study Design Retrospective case series. Methods A retrospective review of patients treated with endoscopic or endoscopic-assisted surgical resection between 1999 and 2020 was carried out. Each case was classified according to the following staging systems: Andrews-Fisch (1989), Radkowski (1996), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (2010), and Janakiram (2017). Spearman's rank correlation test and areas under the curve of receiver operator curves were used to assess the correlation between outcomes of interests (blood loss, surgical time, need for transfusion, and persistence of disease) and stage of disease. Results Seventy-nine patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 25 months (range 12–127 months). Median surgical time was 217 minutes (range 52–625). Median blood loss was 500 mL (range 40–5200) and 27 patients (34.2%) required blood transfusions. Seven patients (8.9%) showed persistence of disease. All classification systems showed a similar association with blood loss, surgical time, persistence of disease, and need for transfusion. Conclusions Involvement of the infratemporal fossa and intracranial extension was identified as red flags for surgical planning and preoperative counseling, as associated with increased risk for transfusion and persistent/recurrent disease, respectively. No classification system was found to be better than the others in predicting the most important outcomes. Therefore, the simplest and most easily applicable system would be the preferred one to be used in clinical practice. Level of Evidence Level 4 case series Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

STAT3 maintains skin barrier integrity by modulating SPINK5 and KLK5 expression in keratinocytes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader STAT3 maintains skin barrier integrity by modulating SPINK5 and KLK5 expression in keratinocytes Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Skin barrier dysfunction induces skin inflammation. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to be involved in Th17-mediated immune responses and barrier integrity in the cornea and intestine; however, its role in the skin barrier remains largely unknown. In this study, we elucidated the potential role of STAT3 in the skin barrier and its effect on kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5) expression using a mouse model with keratinocyte-specific ablation of STAT3. Keratinocyte-specific loss of STAT3 induced a cutaneous inflammatory phenotype with pruritus and intense scratching behavior in mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the genes associated with impaired skin barrier function, including KLK5, were upregulated. The effect of STAT3 on KLK5 expression in keratinocytes was not only substantiated by the increase in KLK5 expression following treatment with STAT3 siRNA but also by its decreased expre ssion following STAT3 overexpression. Overexpression and IL-17A-mediated stimulation of STAT3 increased the expression of SPINK5, which was blocked by STAT3 siRNA. These results suggest that the expression of SPINK5 and KLK5 in keratinocytes could be dependent on STAT3 and that STAT3 might play an essential role in the maintenance of skin barrier homeostasis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in End Stage Renal Disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in End Stage Renal Disease Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Indian J Nephrol. 2021 May-Jun;31(3):296-298. doi: 10.4103/ijn.IJN_372_19. Epub 2021 Mar 27. ABSTRACT We report a case of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis. There was no previous history of trauma or surgery. Secondary hyperparathyroidism due to progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a rise in intracranial pressure resulted in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. He underwent endoscopic endonasal repair with theco-peritoneal shunt; CSF leak stopped completely and the patient is doing well on one year follow up. PMID:34376948 | PMC:PMC8330654 | DOI:10.4103/ijn.IJN_372_19 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Endoscopic and fluoroscopic-guided closure of the eustachian tube using a biliary cytology brush and liquid embolic agent for a persistent CSF leak after schwannoma resection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Endoscopic and fluoroscopic-guided closure of the eustachian tube using a biliary cytology brush and liquid embolic agent for a persistent CSF leak after schwannoma resection Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Aug 10;14(8):e241861. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2021-241861. ABSTRACT Vestibular schwannoma is a known cause of progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Treatment options include observation, radiation therapy and surgical resection. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula is a known postsurgical complication that can lead to CSF otorrhoea, rhinorrhoea or CSF leakage from the surgical wound. We present a case report of a patient who underwent vestibular schwannoma resection and postoperatively developed CSF rhinorrhoea, which was refractory to multiple attempts at surgical repair. This was successfully treated under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance using a biliary cytology brush to disrupt the surface of the eustachian tube followed by injection of n-Butyl cyanoacrylate. PMID:34376411 | DOI:10.1136/bcr-2021-241861 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.