The Necessity of Nostril Retention Application After Secondary Unilateral Cleft Rhinoplasty

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Necessity of Nostril Retention Application After Secondary Unilateral Cleft Rhinoplasty via The Laryngoscope The nostril retention after secondary unilateral cleft rhinoplasty could help preserve nasal morphology but worsen the patient's quality of life of the patients. The necessity of nostril retention should consider the forms of nasal deformity and the patient's quality of life. Background This study aims to investigate the necessity of nostril retention after secondary unilateral cleft rhinoplasty. Methods Seventy four patients who underwent secondary unilateral cleft rhinoplasty were categorized into control group, nasal retainer group, and nasal clip group. A nasal retainer or nasal clip was applied 7 days after secondary correction and retained in the nostrils of the patients for 6 to 12 months. Measurements from pre- and post-operative photos and patient-reported outcomes were used in this study. Results After 6 to 12 months, although relapse still occurred in three groups, the nasal retainer group showed a better effect in the ratio of nostril height, whereas the nasal clip group showed a significant improvement in the ratio of nasal base. And both the two groups also showed significant improvement in the ratio of nasal columella. Patients from the control group generally had lower Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS) scores than the nasal retainer group and nasal clip group. Wearing a nasal retainer may negatively influence self-concept, facial self-consciousness of appearance and physical state, and significant differences in mean scores were also found in 9 items. Conclusions The nostril retention after secondary unilateral cleft rhinoplasty could help preserve nasal morphology and reduce postoperative relapse but worsen the patients' quality of life. The necessity of applying the nostril retention should consider the forms of nasal deformity and the potential influence on the quality of life. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Postoperative analysis of osseous midface reconstructions: The value of imaging and a novel scoring system for complexity and operative success

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative analysis of osseous midface reconstructions: The value of imaging and a novel scoring system for complexity and operative success via Head & Neck Abstract Background Few standardized methods exist for evaluating the postoperative outcomes of osteocutaneous free flaps. We propose an anatomic-based scoring system for midface free flap reconstruction. Methods One hundred and twelve patients across four institutions underwent osteocutaneous reconstruction of the midface. Postoperative scans were scored based on the number of independent osseous subunits reconstructed (Subunit Score), the number of different bony appositions with bony contact (Contact Score), and the number of osseous segments in anatomic position (Position Score). These were added together to create a Total Score. Results Osteocutaneous radial forearm flaps had the lowest Subunit Score (p = 0.001). Fibula flaps had the highest Contact Score (p = 0.0008) and Position Score (p = 0.001). Virtual surgical planning was associated with an increased Subunit Score (p = 0.02) and Total Score (p = 0.04). Conclusions We propose a novel scoring system for osseous midface reconstruction based on postoperative imaging scans. This can help guide management decisions and create a common language to compare outcomes. View on Web

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Diagnostic efficacy of positron emission computerized tomography scans in suspicious laryngeal findings postorgan preservation treatment

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnostic efficacy of positron emission computerized tomography scans in suspicious laryngeal findings postorgan preservation treatment via Head & Neck Abstract Background Larynx preservation protocols (LPP) for glottic primary squamous cell carcinoma has gained popularity worldwide. Direct laryngoscopy (DL) with biopsy is mandated when recurrence is suspected. The efficacy of 18Fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission computerized tomography (PET-CT) as alternative first-line diagnostic investigation in suspected recurrence was evaluated. Methods A retrospective study of patients with suspicious fiber-optic findings at more than 12 weeks after LPP. Sensitivity, specificity, and the negative predictive value (NPV) of DL and PET-CT were compared. Results Seventy-two patients presenting 105 cases of suspicious events were included in this study. Fifty-two events were initially investigated by DL and 53 events by PET-CT. The sensitivity of DL and PET-CT was 56.25% and 100%, respectively. The NPV was 84% for DL and 100% for PET-CT (p = 0.015). Conclusion Negative PET scans after LPP are highly accurate in ruling out recurrent/persistent disease and may spare the patient from negative biopsies. View on Web

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Electrochemical Sensors for Oral Biofilm‐Biomaterials Interface Characterization: a review

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Electrochemical Sensors for Oral Biofilm‐Biomaterials Interface Characterization: a review via Molecular Oral Microbiology Abstract Important processes related to the interaction of the oral microbiome with the tooth surface happen directly at the interface. For example, the chemical microenvironment that exists at the interface of microbial biofilms and the native tooth structure is directly involved in caries development. Consequentially, a critical understanding of this interface and its chemical microenvironment would provide novel avenues in caries prevention, including secondary caries that often occurs at the interface of the dental biofilm, tooth structure and dental material. Electrochemical sensors are a unique quantitative tool and have the inherent advantages of miniaturization, stability, and selectivity. That makes the electrochemical sensors ideal tools for studying these critical biofilm microenvironments with high precision. This review highlights the development and applications of several novel electrochemical sensors such as pH, Ca2+, and hydrogen peroxide sensors as scanning ele ctrochemical microscope (SECM) probes in addition to flexible pH wire sensors for real-time bacterial biofilm-dental surface and dental materials interface studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Comparative analysis and trends in liver transplant hospitalizations with clostridium difficile infections: A 10‐year national cross‐sectional study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparative analysis and trends in liver transplant hospitalizations with clostridium difficile infections: A 10‐year national cross‐sectional study via Transplant Infectious Disease ABSTRACT Goals and Background Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the United States. We aimed to determine comparative trends in inpatient outcomes of liver transplant (LT) patients based on CDI during hospitalizations. Methods The national inpatient sample (NIS) database was used to conduct the present retrospective study regarding CDI among the LT hospitalizations from 2009, to 2019. Primary outcomes included ten-year comparative trends of the length of stay (LOS) and mean inpatient charges (MIC). Secondary outcomes included comparative mortality and LT rejection trends. Results There was a 14.05% decrease in CDI in LT hospitalizations over the study period (P = 0.05). The trend in LOS did not significantly vary (P = 0.9). MIC increased significantly over last decade in LT hospitalizations with CDI (P < 0.001). LT hospitalizations of autoimmune etiology compared against non-autoimmune did not increase association with CDI, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.97 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-1.26, P = 0.87]. CDI was associated with increased mortality in LT hospitalizations, aOR 1.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52-2.24, P < 0.001].  In-hospital mortality for LT hospitalizations with CDI decreased by 7.75% over the study period (P = 0.3). CDI increased transplant rejections, aOR 1.3 [95% CI 1.08-1.65, P < 0.001]. There was a declining trend in transplant rejection for LT hospitalization with CDI from 5% to 3% over the study period (P = 0.0048). Conclusion CDI prevalence doesnot increase based on autoimmune LT etiology. It increases mortality in LT hospitalizations; however, trend for mortality and transplant rejections has been declining over the last decade. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Cidofovir‐induced anterior uveitis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cidofovir‐induced anterior uveitis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Anterior uveitis is a reported complication of intravenous cidofovir, almost exclusively described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients treated for cytomegalovirus retinitis. In this study, we report the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with significant visual impairment and hypotony following administration of high-dose intravenous cidofovir for hemorrhagic cystitis due to BK virus. View on Web

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The Use of Dissemination and Implementation to Improve Multimodal Analgesia in Head and Neck Surgery

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Use of Dissemination and Implementation to Improve Multimodal Analgesia in Head and Neck Surgery via The Laryngoscope The use of a multimodal analgesia approach in a Randomized Clinical Trial including acetaminophen, ketorolac, gabapentin, and a neurogenic extremity block in patients undergoing major head and neck ablative and reconstructive surgery significantly reduced the need for opioids in the immediate postoperative period of a seven-day hospital stay. Coordination of care and reducing variability in pain medication administration were highly dependent on dissemination and implementation processes put in place for perioperative phases of care. Objectives To optimize the delivery of multimodal analgesia to patients undergoing major head and neck oncologic surgeries. Methods Pilot study included patients enrolled to receive either scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids (control group) or scheduled acetaminophen, gabapentin, ketorolac, and as-needed opioids (experimental group). RCT, a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation pragmatic trial, was designed to test the effectiveness of the intervention. Arm A received scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids. Arm B received scheduled gabapentin, ketorolac, a regional nerve block at the free tissue donor site, scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids. Results Pilot: Thirty-one patients undergoing major head and neck surgery were enrolled. Mean MMEs administered in control group (n = 15) was 251.60 mg (SD = 224.57 mg); mean MMEs in Experimental group (n = 16) was 195.78 mg (SD = 131.08 mg), p = 0.401. LOS was 8.0 days in control versus 7.0 days in experimental group (p = 0.054). RCT: Interim analysis for safety and futility was planned during trial's design after 30 patients (n = 14 Arm A, and n = 16 Arm B). Mean MMEs administered were 135.1 mg in Arm A, (SD = 86.0 mg) versus mean MME of 51.3 mg in Arm B (SD = 43.3 mg, (p < 0.05)). Given clear superiority results, the trial was prematurely terminated. Functional pain scores, LOS, and complications were similar between the arms (p > 0.05). Variability of mean MME was compared before and after implementation of the management protocols: SD in RCT#1 was 181.46 mg versus 124.6 mg in RCT#2. Conclusion Multimodal analgesia significantly reduced the need for opioids in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery. Level of Evidence 1, Randomized Clinical Trial Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 as an oral probiotic and its anti‐biofilm activity

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 as an oral probiotic and its anti‐biofilm activity via Molecular Oral Microbiology Abstract Lactic acid bacteria have been widely used as probiotics for improving gut health. However, studies on oral probiotics were very limited. In this study, 67 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented food and screened for antagonistic activity against Streptococcus mutans, the causative pathogen of dental caries. Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 showed the highest antagonistic activity against S. mutans KCTC3065. L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also showed oral probiotic characteristics including weak acid production, lysozyme tolerance, adhesion to oral epithelial cell (YD-38), antibiotic susceptibility, and good co-aggregation ability with S. mutans. Furthermore, the biofilm formation of S. mutans was significantly reduced when co-cultured with L. mesenteroides. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that amounts of attached bacteria of S. mutans and network-like structures were significantly reduced by L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) of L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also greatly inhibited biofilm formation of S. mutans from the adherent stage, the activity remained even after it was treated with catalase, trypsin, or pH neutralized. Expression levels of biofilm formation-related genes were significantly reduced in S. mutans when it was treated with the CFS of L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Therefore, L. mesenteroides MJM60376 has great potential to be used as a multifunctional oral health ingredient. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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The Influence of Age on the Frequency of Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity During Sleep in General Population differs from that in Clinical Research Samples

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Influence of Age on the Frequency of Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity During Sleep in General Population differs from that in Clinical Research Samples via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Introduction During sleep, limb and jaw muscle motor activity can be quantified by electromyography (EMG). The frequency of periodic limb activity during sleep increases with age in both the general and clinical research populations. The literature is controversial regarding stability, over age, of the frequency of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA), which is one biomarker of sleep bruxism (SB). The purpose of this retrospective sleep laboratory study was to assess if any change in RMMA frequency occurs over age in the general population (GP) and two clinical research (CR) samples. Method RMMA signals from polysomnography (PSG) recordings of 465 individuals, irrespective of SB awareness, were analysed. The sample comprised 164 individuals from the GP of Sao Paulo, and 301 individuals from Montreal and Osaka CR samples. Data were divided into two subgroups, younger (15–39) and older (40–80) participants. RMMA was classified as low frequency (<2 events/hr) or high (>2 events/hr). Pearson correlation (R) and B (slope) analyses were performed with power estimations. Results In the GP sample, no significant change over age was noted in the RMMA index/year. In the CR samples, a significant reduction was observed in the RMMA index/year (-0.05) with age (R2=0.042; p<0.001; 3.5 to 1.5 RMMA/hr from 20 to 60 years old). Conclusions In the GP, the RMMA index remained stable over age. In the CR samples, a significant, reduction was observed. Prospective studies with multiple home sleep recordings, in both general and clinical research populations, are needed before extrapolating from the present findings. View on Web

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The evolution of fertility preservation care models in a large pediatric cancer and blood disorders center

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The evolution of fertility preservation care models in a large pediatric cancer and blood disorders center via Pediatric Blood & Cancer Abstract Background Children and adolescents who receive gonadotoxic treatments are at risk for future infertility. While there is a growing focus on integrating fertility preservation (FP) within pediatric cancer and blood disorder centers, wide variations in care models and methods exist across institutions. The purpose of this work is to describe the evolution of FP care models within a large pediatric hematology/oncology center. Methods Models of care and associated timeframes are described, including a pre-FP program model, establishment of a formal FP program, integration of nurse navigators, and the addition of FP consult stratification based on urgency (urgent/nonurgent). The number of patient consults within each model, patient sex, diagnosis (oncologic/hematologic), and consult timing (pre-gonadotoxic treatment/posttreatment completion) were abstracted from the clinical database. Results The number of annual consults increased from 24 during the pre-FP program model (2015) to 181 during the current care model (2020). Over time, the proportion of consults for females and patients with nonmalignant hematologic disorders increased. Patient stratification reduced the proportion of consults needing to be completed urgently from 75% at the advent of the FP program to 49% in the current model. Conclusions The evolution of care models within our FP program allowed for growth in the number of consults completed, expansion of services to more patients with nonmalignant hematologic disorders, and more consults for female patients. Nurse navigators play a critical role in care facilitating referrals, coordination, and patient education. Urgency stratification has allowed FP team members to manage increasing FP-related encounters. View on Web

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