Τρίτη 5 Απριλίου 2022

Incretin-induced changes in the transcriptome of skeletal muscles of fa/fa Zucker rat (ZFR) with obesity, without diabetes

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Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Anticoagulating an Adolescent with Post-Tonsillectomy Massive PE: A Case Report

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Annals of Otology, Rhinology &Laryngology, Ahead of Print.
Objectives:To report a case of a morbidly obese 17-year-old boy who presented 4 days post-tonsillectomy with acute deep venous thromboses and a massive pulmonary embolism. To describe a protocol and decision-making tree for providing anticoagulation in the immediate post-tonsillectomy period.Methods:A chart review and review of the literature.Results:The patient ultimately did well and had no bleeding from the tonsil beds or further thromboembolic complications. A review of the literature revealed no available data regarding the safety of anticoagulation in the immediate post-tonsillectomy period.Conclusions:We propose that if anticoagulation is needed within 14 days of tonsillectomy, submaximal anticoagulation with a reversible and titratable anticoagulant may be optimal. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed for these complex cases. Future reporting and investigation of anticoagulation post-tonsillec tomy is needed.
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The prognostic value of adding systemic inflammation response index to Epstein–Barr virus DNA in childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A real‐world study

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Abstract

Background

To assess the prognostic value of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) combined with plasma load of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA in children and adolescents with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CALANPC).

Methods

A total of 205 consecutive patients with CALANPC were enrolled. We used recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) to classify patients into various risk groups, with a primary endpoint of overall survival (OS).

Results

Elevated SIRI (≥1.53) and EBV DNA (≥4000 copy/ml) were significantly associated with inferior OS in CALANPC. RPA categorized patients into low- and high-risk groups based on prognostic factors. Survival curves showed excellent discrimination in OS (95.3% vs 77.6%; p < 0.001) between the low- and high-risk groups. A significant improvement was confirmed using the prognostic methods for conventional TNM staging systems (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The combination of SIRI with EBV DNA provided a more detailed understanding of patient risks, and enhanced risk discrimination in CALANPC.

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Quantitative proteomics in medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a proof‐of‐concept study

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ABSTRACT

Objective

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a paradoxical effect associated with bone modifying agents (BMAs) and other drugs. Currently no valuable diagnostic or prognosis biomarkers exist. This goal of this research was to study MRONJ related salivary proteome.

Materials and Methods

This case-control aimed to study salivary proteome in MRONJ versus control groups i) formed from BMAs consumers and ii) healthy individuals to unravel biomarkers. 38 samples of unstimulated whole saliva (18 MRONJ patients, 10 BMA consumers, and 10 healthy controls) were collected. Proteomic analysis by SWATH-MS coupled to bioinformatics analysis was executed.

Results

586 proteins were identified, 175 proteins showed significant differences among MRONJ versus controls. SWATH-MS revealed differentially expressed proteins among three groups, which have never isolated. These proteins had distinct roles including cell envelope organization, positive regulation of vesicle fusion, positive regulation of receptor binding, or regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle clearance. Integrative analysis prioritised 3 proteins (MMP9, AACT and HBD). Under receiver operating characteristic analysis, this panel discriminated MRONJ with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 78.9%.

Conclusion

These findings may inform of a novel biomarker panel for MRONJ prediction or diagnosis. Nonetheless, further research is needed to validate this panel.

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Applications of maxillary tuberosity block autograft

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Abstract

Objective

Autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard due to their compatibility and osteogenic potential to induce new bone formation through osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction. The aim of this paper was to describe clinical applications of the maxillary tuberosity block autograft in small and moderate localized defects of the alveolar process around implants and teeth.

Clinical Considerations

Maxillary tuberosity is often used as a particulate graft for augmentation of deficient alveolar ridge or maxillary sinus prior to or simultaneously with implant insertion, but not as a bone block graft. The maxillary tuberosity block autograft may also provide a valuable bone source for challenging situations such as immediate implant placement into types II and III extraction sockets, treatment of horizontal and vertical bone defects with simultaneous implantation, reconstruction of circumferential defects around implants, and preservation of alveolar ridge.

Conclusions

The advantages of the maxillary tuberosity include intraoral corticocancellous autogenous graft with fewer intraoperative difficulties, no need for donor site restoration, less morbidity, and an excellent correction of localized alveolar ridge defects.

Clinical Significance

Within the limitations of the presented case reports, the use of maxillary tuberosity block autograft has shown to be successful in alveolar ridges augmentation that lack both width and height.

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Effects of folate supplementation on recurrence and metabolic status of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 in overweight and obese women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

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European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Published online: 05 April 2022; doi:10.1038/s41430-021-01022-0

Effects of folate supplementation on recurrence and metabolic status of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 in overweight and obese women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
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Hyper-IgE syndrome caused by DOCK8 mutation with a tumour-like lesion of the lip: a case report

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Autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome caused by DOCK8 gene mutation is an immunodeficiency. However, the presentation of a tumour-like lesion of the lip in autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome has not yet been reported. This article reports the case of a 20-year-old man with autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome who presented with a tumour-like lesion of the lip, and hyperplasia and erosion of the gingiva. The clinical manifestations included coarse face and neck skin, a diffuse tumour-like lesion on the upper lip showing a reddish erosive nodular surface with yellowish-white exudation, erosive buccal mucosa, and severe periodontitis.
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Comparison of Responses to DCN vs. VCN Stimulation in a Mouse Model of the Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI)

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Abstract

The auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is an auditory neuroprosthesis that provides hearing to deaf patients by electrically stimulating the cochlear nucleus (CN) of the brainstem. Whether such stimulation activates one or the other of the CN's two major subdivisions is not known. Here, we demonstrate clear response differences from the stimulation of the dorsal (D) vs. ventral (V) subdivisions of the CN in a mouse model of the ABI with a surface-stimulating electrode array. For the DCN, low levels of stimulation evoked multiunit responses in the inferior colliculus (IC) that were unimodally distributed with early latencies (avg. peak latency of 3.3 ms). However, high levels of stimulation evoked a bimodal distribution with the addition of a late latency response peak (avg. peak latency of 7.1 ms). For the VCN, in contrast, electrical stimulation elicited multiunit responses that were usually unimodal and had a latency similar to the DCN's late respon se. Local field potentials (LFP) from the IC showed components that correlated with early and late multiunit responses. Surgical cuts to sever the output of the DCN, the dorsal acoustic stria (DAS), gave insight into the origin of these early and late responses. Cuts eliminated early responses but had little-to-no effect on late responses. The early responses thus originate from cells that project through the DAS, such as DCN's pyramidal and giant cells. Late responses likely arise from the spread of stimulation from a DCN-placed electrode array to the VCN and could originate in bushy and/or stellate cells. In human ABI users, the spread of stimulation in the CN may result in abnormal response patterns that could hinder performance.

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