Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A User-Friendly, Practical Roadmap to the Planning and Execution of Every Rhinoplasty—A 5-Year Review

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A User-Friendly, Practical Roadmap to the Planning and Execution of Every Rhinoplasty—A 5-Year Review Via Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Published Ahead-of-Print Background: Cone-beam computed tomography has recently rapidly developed worldwide as a versatile and convenient alternative to traditional computed tomography for imaging of the maxillofacial region. However, most surgeons performing rhinoplasty are surprisingly unfamiliar with it, in both the plastic surgery and ear, nose, and throat communities. Methods: The broad clinical experience of a single center over the past 5 years is reviewed. The many applications of cone-beam computed tomography to primary and secondary rhinoplasty are analyzed regarding septum, turbinates, nasal bones, skin thickness, and other issues. The importance of a paradigm shift from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional approach in image reconstruction is demonstrated, together with the value of surface contour enhancement. Results: Cone-beam computed tomography has a multitude of practical applications highly relevant to rhinoplasty. The surface image will strengthen aesthetic analysis, and the detailed preview of bony and functional anatomy will facilitate surgical planning. Cone-beam computed tomography serves as a roadmap to plan and execute rhinoplasties more predictably and efficiently. The availability of spatial views and accurate detail, together with the possibility of easy, accurate measuring, offers a plenitude of potential applications. Conclusions: Cone-beam computed tomography is a user-friendly, quick technique with abundant advantages in planning any rhinoplasty. It causes the patient no inconvenience and has very few, if any, drawbacks, with these being limited to radiation exposure and limited cost. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The association between initial adhesion and cyanobacterial biofilm development

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The association between initial adhesion and cyanobacterial biofilm development Via FEMS Microbiology Ecology - current issue ABSTRACT Although laboratory assays provide valuable information about the antifouling effectiveness of marine surfaces and the dynamics of biofilm formation, they may be laborious and time-consuming. This study aimed to determine the potential of short-time adhesion assays to estimate how biofilm development may proceed. The initial adhesion and cyanobacterial biofilm formation were evaluated using glass and polymer epoxy resin surfaces under different hydrodynamic conditions and were compared using linear regression models. For initial adhesion, the polymer epoxy resin surface was significantly associated with a lower number of adhered cells compared with glass (-1.27 × 105 cells.cm–2). Likewise, the number of adhered cells was significantly lower (-1.16 × 105 cells.cm–2) at 185 than at 40 rpm. This tendency was maintained during biofilm development and was supported by the biofilm wet wei ght, thickness, chlorophyll a content and structure. Results indicated a significant correlation between the number of adhered and biofilm cells (r = 0.800, p < 0.001). Moreover, the number of biofilm cells on day 42 was dependent on the number of adhered cells at the end of the initial adhesion and hydrodynamic conditions (R2 = 0.795, p < 0.001). These findings demonstrate the high potential of initial adhesion assays to estimate marine biofilm development. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Relative contributions of egg-associated and substrate-associated microorganisms to black soldier fly larval performance and microbiota

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Relative contributions of egg-associated and substrate-associated microorganisms to black soldier fly larval performance and microbiota Via FEMS Microbiology Ecology - current issue ABSTRACT Larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF) can be used to convert organic waste into insect biomass for animal feed. In this process, they interact with microorganisms originating from the substrate, the insect and the environment. The substrate is the main determinant of the larval gut microbiota composition, but inoculation of the substrate with egg-associated bacteria can improve larval performance. We aimed to quantify the relative importance of substrate-associated and egg-associated microorganisms in BSF larval performance, bacterial abundance and bacterial community composition, when larvae were fed with chicken feed or chicken manure. For this, we inactivated substrate-associated microorganisms by autoclaving, or disinfected BSF eggs. Larval survival, weight and proportion of prepupae were determined on day 15. We collected substrate and larval samples on days 0 and 15 and performed 16S rRNA gene-targeted qPCR and amplicon sequencing. In both chicken feed and chicken manure, egg disinfection did not cause any difference in larval performance or overall microbiota composition. In contrast, in chicken manure, substrate-associated microorganisms increased larval biomass and sterilizing the substrate caused major shifts in microbiota. Thus, substrate-associated microorganisms impact not only larval microbiota but also larval performance, whereas egg-associated microorganisms have a minor role in the densities present. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bacteria responsible for antimonite oxidation in antimony-contaminated soil revealed by DNA-SIP coupled to metagenomics

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bacteria responsible for antimonite oxidation in antimony-contaminated soil revealed by DNA-SIP coupled to metagenomics Via FEMS Microbiology Ecology - current issue ABSTRACT Antimony (Sb), the analog of arsenic (As), is a toxic metalloid that poses risks to the environment and human health. Antimonite (Sb(III)) oxidation can decrease Sb toxicity, which contributes to the bioremediation of Sb contamination. Bacteria can oxidize Sb(III), but the current knowledge regarding Sb(III)-oxidizing bacteria (SbOB) is limited to pure culture studies, thus underestimating the diversity of SbOB. In this study, Sb(III)-oxidizing microcosms were set up using Sb-contaminated rice paddies as inocula. Sb(III) oxidation driven by microorganisms was observed in the microcosms. The increasing copies and transcription of the arsenate-oxidizing gene, aioA, in the microcosms during biotic Sb(III) oxidation indicated that microorganisms mediated Sb(III) oxidation via the aioA genes. Furthermore, a novel combination of DNA-SIP and shotgun metagenomic was applied t o identify the SbOB and predict their metabolic potential. Several putative SbOB were identified, including Paracoccus, Rhizobium, Achromobacter and Hydrogenophaga. Furthermore, the metagenomic analysis indicated that all of these putative SbOB contained aioA genes, confirming their roles in Sb(III) oxidation. These results suggested the concept of proof of combining DNA-SIP and shotgun metagenomics directly. In addition, the identification of the novel putative SbOB expands the current knowledge regarding the diversity of SbOB. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1863: Nonreplicating Adenoviral Vectors: Improving Tropism and Delivery of Cancer Gene Therapy

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1863: Nonreplicating Adenoviral Vectors: Improving Tropism and Delivery of Cancer Gene Therapy Via Cancers Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1863: Nonreplicating Adenoviral Vectors: Improving Tropism and Delivery of Cancer Gene Therapy Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers13081863 Authors: Nayara Gusmão Tessarollo Ana Carolina M. Domingues Fernanda Antunes Jean Carlos dos Santos da Luz Otavio Augusto Rodrigues Otto Luiz Dutra Cerqueira Bryan E. Strauss Recent preclinical and clinical studies have used viral vectors in gene therapy research, especially nonreplicating adenovirus encoding strategic therapeutic genes for cancer treatment. Adenoviruses were the first DNA viruses to go into therapeutic development, mainly due to well-known biological features: stability in vivo, ease of manufacture, and efficient gene delivery to dividing and nondividing cells. However, there are some limitations for gene therapy using adenoviral vectors, such as nonspecific transduction of normal cells and liver sequestration and neutralization by antibodies, especially when administered systemically. On the other hand, adenoviral vectors are amenable to strategies for the modification of their biological structures, including genetic manipulation of viral proteins, pseudotyping, and conjugation with polymers or biological membranes. Such modifications provide greater specificity to the target cell and better safety in systemic administration; thus, a reduction of antiviral host responses would favor the use of adenoviral vectors in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we describe the structural and molecular features of nonreplicating adenoviral vectors, the current limitations to their use, and strategies to modify adenoviral tropism, highlighting the approaches that may allow for the systemic administration of gene therapy. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1864: Genetic Analysis Reveals Rare Variants in T-Cell Response Gene MR1 Associated with Poor Overall Survival after Urothelial Cancer Diagnosis

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1864: Genetic Analysis Reveals Rare Variants in T-Cell Response Gene MR1 Associated with Poor Overall Survival after Urothelial Cancer Diagnosis Via Cancers Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 1864: Genetic Analysis Reveals Rare Variants in T-Cell Response Gene MR1 Associated with Poor Overall Survival after Urothelial Cancer Diagnosis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers13081864 Authors: Lisa Bang Manu Shivakumar Tullika Garg Dokyoon Kim Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UC) is the fifth most common cancer in the United States. Germline variants, especially rare germline variants, may account for a portion of the disparity seen among patients in terms of UC incidence, presentation, and outcomes. The objectives of this study were to identify rare germline variant associations in UC incidence and to determine its association with clinical outcomes. Using exome sequencing data from the DiscovEHR UC cohort (n = 446), a European-ancestry, North American population, the complex influence of germline variants on known clinical phenotypes were analyzed using dispersion and burden metrics with regression tests. Outcomes measured were derived from the electronic health record (EHR) and included UC incidence, age at diagnosis, and overall survival (OS). Consequently, key rare variant association genes were implicated in MR1 and ADGRL2. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis reveals that individuals with MR1 germline varian ts had significantly worse OS than those without any (log-rank p-value = 3.46 × 10−7). Those with ADGRL2 variants were found to be slightly more likely to have UC compared to a matched control cohort (FDR q-value = 0.116). These associations highlight several candidate genes that have the potential to explain clinical disparities in UC and predict UC outcomes. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Does Double-Pass Pulsed-Dye Laser With Long and Short Pulse Duration Increase Treatment Efficacy of Port-Wine Stain? A Randomized Clinical Trial

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Does Double-Pass Pulsed-Dye Laser With Long and Short Pulse Duration Increase Treatment Efficacy of Port-Wine Stain? A Randomized Clinical Trial Via Dermatologic Surgery - Current Issue BACKGROUND Although pulsed-dye laser (PDL) 595 nm is known as the gold standard for treatment of port-wine stains (PWS), complete clearance of lesions occurs in a minority of cases. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of double-pass pulsed-dye laser (DPL), long pulse duration (20 m/s) followed by short pulse duration (1.5 m/s) within 20 minutes interval, with single-pass pulsed-dye laser (SPL) for (1.5 m/s) in the treatment of PWS. METHODS Twenty-four patients with PWS underwent 3 sessions of PDL. Each lesion was randomly divided into 2 portions to receive DPL or SPL. Colorimetric and dermoscopic evaluations were used to determine the response objectively. In addition, improvement was scored subjectively using the visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS According to colorimetric analysis, the mean blanching rates for DPL and SPL treated sites were 48% (SD = 0.215) and 37% (SD = 0.213), respectively (p = .001). With VAS, 3.79 (SD = 0.93) and 3.33 (SD = 0.91) improvement scores were reported in the DPL and SPL treated areas, respectively (p = .008). Dermoscopic images showed that larger deep vessels were the most common remnant vessels in both treatment areas. CONCLUSION Compared with SPL, DPL with 20 minutes interval seems to be a more effective and safe method for the treatment of PWS. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.