Artemisinin resistance: an important emerging clinical problem in tropical medicine

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Artemisinin resistance: an important emerging clinical problem in tropical medicine Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 15;13(6):152-157. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Artemisinin is an important antimalarial drug which is originated and developed from Chinese traditional herbal regimen. At present, artemisinin is used as an antimalarial drug for treatment of drug resistant malarial infection. The effectiveness of artemisinin is clinically accepted. Hence, artemisinin is currently used as main drug for malaria treatment in many tropical countries. Artemisinin resistance is a new emerging clinical problem in tropical medicine. New mutation can result in artemisinin resistance and the resistance becomes important new emerging problem in clinical malariology. It is necessary to control of artemisinin use and searching for new effective drug against artemisinin resistant malaria. In this article, the authors summarizes on important updated information regarding artemisinin resistance. PMID:35103097 | PMC:PMC8784654 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Trends in Positive Surgical Margins in cT1‐T2 Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Trends in Positive Surgical Margins in cT1‐T2 Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis To evaluate trends in contemporary positive surgical margin incidence in cT1-T2 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate factors associated with surgical margin status. Study Design Retrospective analysis of large dataset. Methods Retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database. Results Between 2004 and 2016, 39,818 patients with cT1 or cT2 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma received primary curative-intent surgery. Positive surgical margins were present in 7.95% of patients, and univariable adjusted probability of positive surgical margins over the study period declined by 1% per year (odds ratio [OR], 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98–1.0; P = .049). Multivariable regression revealed the annual rate of positive surgical margins declined significantly (OR, 0.95 per year; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97; P < .001). Factors associated with increased odds of positive surgical margins included cT2 disease, subsite, understaged disease, lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, and positive lymph nodes. Race and socioeconomic status were not associated with surgical margin status. Treatment at an academic center was associated with increased time to definitive surgery (median 35 days IQR 22–50 vs. median 27 days IQR 14–42; P&nb sp;< .001) and a 20% reduction in positive surgical margin rate (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71–0.90; P < .001). Treatment at high-volume centers was less likely to be associated with positive surgical margins (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74–0.98; P = .02). Conclusion Surgical subsite, clinical T and N category, presence of lymphovascular invasion, and histologic grade were independent predictors of positive surgical margins. Patients are increasingly being treated at high-volume and academic centers. Overall, the rate of positive surgical margins in cT1-T2 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is decreasing. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Modified genioglossus advancement with radiofrequency tongue base reduction for retroglossal collapse in obstructive sleep apnea patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Modified genioglossus advancement with radiofrequency tongue base reduction for retroglossal collapse in obstructive sleep apnea patients Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 2 February 2022 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Tarek Abdelzaher Emara, Ahmed Ashraf S. Elhamshary, Ahmed Soliman Elkady, Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Elhewity, Hesham Abdelrahman Abdelsamee View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Evaluation of different setting configurations with a new developed telemedical interface of a parallel kinematic robotic system ‐ an experimental development study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluation of different setting configurations with a new developed telemedical interface of a parallel kinematic robotic system ‐ an experimental development study Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery ABSTRACT Background For development of a minimally invasive intracorporal micromanipulator, a master-slave telemanipulation system was required. Methods Different input positions for a tablet-based input device with a heads-up centered screen were evaluated. Personal preference was assessed using a questionnaire. Then, the most ergonomic and intuitive position was compared to a surgical reference position based on laparoscopic sigmoid resection. Results After comparing a 45°, 75° (pitch) and 60°/20° (pitch/yaw) to a 60° reference position no significant differences in processing time and number of failures could be demonstrated. Study participants indicated the 60°/20° position as the most comfortable in the questionnaire. This was therefore compared with the laparoscopic reference position, both sitting and standing. Here, the laparoscopic sitting position was perceived to be the most ergonomic. Conclusions The developed input device offers a maximum of flexibility and individualization to reach ergonomic and intuitive conditions. General recommendations regarding an optimal setting cannot be given, based on our results. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of oral screen exercise on orofacial and pharyngeal activity: An exploratory study using videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography in healthy adults

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of oral screen exercise on orofacial and pharyngeal activity: An exploratory study using videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography in healthy adults Via swallowing exercises Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022 Feb 1. doi: 10.1002/cre2.538. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The oral screen is a device commonly used for treatment of orofacial disorders. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the effect of oral screen exercise on the muscle activity in the lips, submental complex, masseter muscle, and kinematic activity of the tongue base, soft palate, pharynx, and larynx in healthy adults. This was compared with the kinematic activity during a dry swallow. It was hypothesized that not only the lip musculature but also other structures in the oral and pharyngeal cavities are activated while using an oral screen device. METHOD: Ten healthy subjects used an oral screen during examination with videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography (EMG). Three different instructions for oral screen application and a dry swallow were examined. RESULTS: The lip muscles showed the highest activity during oral screen exercise. The other muscle groups were activated to a lesser degree. The pattern of activation differed between individuals. Compared with a dry swallow, the range of motion of the tongue base, posterior pharyngeal wall, and the larynx was significantly smaller during oral screen activation. No major differences were found between three different instructions. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the lips and submental complex and, to a lesser degree, oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal structures are activa ted with the oral screen, but the pattern of activation varied between individuals. In comparison to the activity during a dry swallow, range of motion during oral screen exercise is small. PMID:35106972 | DOI:10.1002/cre2.538 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Drug-drug interactions of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Drug-drug interactions of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2022 Jan 29:S0007-4551(22)00010-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.11.019. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment strategy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with activating EGFR mutations, ALK or ROS-1 gene rearrangements. The Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency have approved several inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer : five tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR (erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib and dacomitinib) and six tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting ALK (crizotinib, céritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib and entrectinib). Interestingly, these tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments are administered orally. While this route of administration improves the treatment flexibility and provides a comfortable and preferable option for patients, it also increases the risk of drug-drug interactions. The latter may result in changes in pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors or their concomitant treatments, with subsequent risks of increasing their toxicity and/or reducing their effectiveness. This review provides an overview of drug-drug interactions with tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR and ALK, as well as practical recommendations to guide oncologists and clinical pharmacists in the process of managing drug-drug interactions during the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. PMID:35105467 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.11.019 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The 'hyperdense basivertebral vein' sign: another marker of a CSF-venous fistula

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The "hyperdense basivertebral vein" sign: another marker of a CSF-venous fistula Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Neuroradiology. 2022 Feb 1. doi: 10.1007/s00234-022-02908-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT CSF-venous fistulas - initially described in 2014 - are a significant cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Dynamic lateral decubitus digital subtraction and/or CT myelography typically show a hyperdense paraspinal vein. In case of a central drainage toward the internal vertebral venous plexus, it is the "hyperdense basivertebral vein" which should be searched for carefully. PMID:35106631 | DOI:10.1007/s00234-022-02908-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.