Periodontal disease and risk of mortality and kidney function decline in advanced chronic kidney disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Periodontal disease and risk of mortality and kidney function decline in advanced chronic kidney disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study Via Latest Results for Clinical Oral Investigations Abstract Objectives Periodontal disease is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and potentially associated with kidney function decline. However, it is uncertain whether periodontal disease affects the risk of mortality and morbidity in patients with advanced CKD. Materials and methods Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database was used to conduct a nationwide population-based cohort study. Propensity score matching procedures were performed to select people with stage 5 CKD and to compare the long-term risk of mortality, end-stage renal disease, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between people with and without periodontal disease. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the outcome of interest. Results A total of 8119 subjects with stage 5 CKD were initially included. After matching to demographic and clinical covariates, 1254 subjects with 7099 person-years of follow-up were selected for analyses. Periodontal disease was not associated with long-term risks of all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.49–1.22), progression to end-stage renal disease (aHR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.75–1.10), or MACE (aHR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.91–1.53). These findings were generally consistent across subgroups of age, sex, comorbid diabetes, uses of systemic antibiotic, and different dental procedures. Conclusions Periodontal disease is not a predictor for long-term mortality or morbidity in patients with advanced CKD. Clinical relevance These results provide important evidence to elucidate the relationship between periodontitis and critical clinical outcomes of advanced CKD. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Mucins reprogram stemness, metabolism and promote chemoresistance during cancer progression

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Mucins reprogram stemness, metabolism and promote chemoresistance during cancer progression Via Latest Results for Cancer/ /and/ /Metastasis/ /Reviews Abstract Mucins are high-molecular-weight glycoproteins dysregulated in aggressive cancers. The role of mucins in disease progression, tumor proliferation, and chemotherapy resistance has been studied extensively. This article provides a comprehensive review of mucin's function as a physical barrier and the implication of mucin overexpression in impeded drug delivery to solid tumors. Mucins regulate the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells via several canonical and non-canonical oncogenic signaling pathways. Furthermore, mucins play an extensive role in enriching and maintaining the cancer stem cell (CSC) population, thereby sustaining the self-renewing and chemoresistant cellular pool in the bulk tumor. It has recently been demonstrated that mucins regulate the metabolic reprogramming during oncogenesis and cancer progression, which account for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and drug-resistance. This review article focuses on delineating muci n's role in oncogenic signaling and aberrant regulation of gene expressions, culminating in CSC maintenance, metabolic rewiring, and development of chemoresistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Molten salt derived crystalline graphitic carbon nitride to enable selective photo-oxidation of benzyl alcohol

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Molten salt derived crystalline graphitic carbon nitride to enable selective photo-oxidation of benzyl alcohol Via Latest Results for Journal of Nanoparticle Research Abstract Graphitic carbon nitride with low cost was a fascinating metal-free photocatalyst for alcohol oxidation. However, pristine graphitic carbon nitride typically revealed fast charge recombination owing to incomplete polymerization. Therefore, increasing the degree of polymerization can be one of the effective ways to enhance its photocatalytic activity. Crystalline graphitic carbon nitride was prepared with the aim of modifying charge separation efficiency and increasing crystallinity for advancing catalytic performance by salt melting method. PTI owned a more positive valence band value (2.48 eV) than that of bulk g-C3N4, promising to enhance thermodynamic driving force toward photocatalytic oxidation reactions. In addition, PTI revealed effective adsorption ability for substrates by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The optimal benzyl alcohol conversion efficiency was 59.3% with selectivity of > 99%. Meanwhile, the recycling experimental results demonstrated that PTI phtocatalyst owed an outstanding reusability and durability. The radical scavenging experiments and EPR analysis demonstrated that both •O2- and holes were the main reactive species in photocatalytic alcohol oxidation. This work might offer an avenue to conveniently prepare and bring a new opportunity to exploit photocatalysts with excellent photocatalytic alcohol oxidation performance. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Local application reduces number of needed EPC for beneficial effects on wound healing compared to systemic treatment in mice

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Local application reduces number of needed EPC for beneficial effects on wound healing compared to systemic treatment in mice Via Latest Results for European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery Abstract Introduction Stem cell transplantation is one of the most promising strategies to improve healing in chronic wounds as systemic administration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) enhances healing by promoting neovascularization and homing though a high amount of cells is needed. In the following study, we analysed whether local application can reduce the number of EPC needed achieving the same beneficial effect on wound healing. Material and Methods Wound healing after local or systemic treatment with EPC was monitored in vivo by creating standardized wounds on the dorsum of hairless mice measuring wound closure every second day. Systemic group received 2 × 106 EPC i.v. and locally treated group 2 × 105 EPC, locally injected. As control PBS injection was performed the same way. Expression of CD31, VEGF, CD90 and, SDF-1α was analysed immunohistochemically for evaluation of neovascularisation and amelioration of homing. Results Local (7.1 ± 0.45 SD) as well as systemic (6.1 ± 0.23 SD) EPC transplantation led to a significant acceleration of wound closure compared to controls (PBS local: 9.7 ± 0.5 SD, PBS systemic 10.9 ± 0.38 SD). Systemic application enhanced CD31 expression on day 6 after wounding and local EPC on 6 and 9 in comparison to control. VEGF expression was not significantly affected. Systemic and local EPC treatment resulted in a significantly enhanced SDF-1α and CD90 expression on all days investigated. Conclusion Local as well as systemic EPC treatment enhances wound healing. Moreover, beneficial effects are obtained with a tenfold decrease number of EPC when applied locally. Thus, local EPC treatment might be more convenient way to enhance wound healing as number of progenitor cells is limited. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Unusual cause of hypoxia due to incomplete removal of the closed suction catheter system during COVID-19 ventilation

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Unusual cause of hypoxia due to incomplete removal of the closed suction catheter system during COVID-19 ventilation Via Latest Results for Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of Liver Recovery After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of Liver Recovery After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass Via Latest Results for Obesity Surgery Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery has often been proposed as a viable treatment option, but the ideal surgical procedure remains unclear. Inconsistently, reports on postoperative deterioration of liver function put further doubt on which technique to apply. Aim of this study was to assess the impact of Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on the postoperative recovery of liver function. Methods A total of 175 patients with obesity that underwent bariatric surgery in our institution were included in this prospective cohort study. BMI, laboratory values, and liver function capacity (using LiMAx) were assessed preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Generalized linear model (GLM) was performed to determine variables influencing liver function capacity after the operation. Results Prior to operations, 64% of patients presented with a diminished liver function capacity, as measured by LiMAx test. Liver function capacity significantly recovered after 12 months in the SG group (300 μg/kg/h preop vs. 367 μg/kg/h postop) but not in the RYGB group (306 μg/kg/h preop vs. 349 μg/kg/h). Preoperative factors impeding liver function recovery included type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), weight, male sex, AST/thrombocyte ratio (APRI), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Conclusion Bariatric surgery, especially sleeve gastrectomy, leads to an improvement of liver function. However, in some patients with T2DM, higher preoperative weight and male sex postoperative deterioration of liver function capacity may occur. Graphical abstract View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Establishment and characterization of 38 novel patient-derived primary cancer cell lines using multi-region sampling revealing intra-tumor heterogeneity of gallbladder carcinoma

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Establishment and characterization of 38 novel patient-derived primary cancer cell lines using multi-region sampling revealing intra-tumor heterogeneity of gallbladder carcinoma Via Latest Results for Human Cell Abstract Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a lethal biliary tract malignant neoplasm. Patient-derived primary cancer cell lines (PDPCs) are appropriate models to explore biological characteristics and potential therapeutics; however, there is a lack of PDPCs in GBC. In this study, we aimed to establish and characterize the GBC PDPCs, and further investigated the intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH). Multi-region sampling (3–9 regions) of the operable tumor tissue samples was used to establish PDPCs. Short tandem repeat genotyping for cell authentication and karyotyping was performed, followed by whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing to assess the ITH at the genetic and transcriptional levels, respectively. Thirty-eight PDPCs were successfully established from seven GBC patients and characterized. ITH was observed with a median of 38.3% mutations being heterogeneous (range, 26.6–59.4%) across all patients. Similar with other tumor types, TP53 mutations were always truncal. In addition, there were three genes, KMT2C, CDKN2A, and ARID1A, with truncal mutations in at least two patients. A median of 370 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified per patient. Distinct expression patterns were observed between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II genes. We found the expression of MHC class II genes in the PDPC samples was closely regulated by CIITA, while that of MHC class I genes were not correlated with CIITA expression. The PDPCs established from GBC patients can serve as novel in vitro models to identify the ITH, which may pave a crucial molecular foundation for enhanced understanding of tumorigenesis and progression. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.