Acute Vocal Fold Paresis and Paralysis After COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Acute Vocal Fold Paresis and Paralysis After COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Oct 13:34894211047829. doi: 10.1177/00034894211047829. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Evidence demonstrates neurotropism is a common feature of coronaviruses. In our laryngology clinics we have noted an increase in cases of "idiopathic" vocal fold paralysis and paresis in patients with no history of intubation who are recovering from the novel SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus (COVID-19). This finding is concerning for a post-viral vagal neuropathy (PVVN) a s a result of infection with COVID-19. Our objective is to raise the possibility that vocal fold paresis may be an additional neuropathic sequela of infection with COVID-19. METHODS: Retrospective review of patients who tested positive for COVID-19, had no history of intubation as a result of their infection, and subsequently presented with vocal fold paresis between May 2020 and January 2021. Charts were reviewed for demographic information, confirmation of COVID-19 infection, presenting symptoms, laryngoscopy and stroboscopy exam findings, and laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) results. RESULTS: Sixteen patients presented with new-onset dysphonia during and after recovering from a COVID-19 infection and were found to have unilateral or bilateral vocal fold paresis or paralysis. LEMG was performed in 25% of patients and confirmed the diagnosis of neuropathy in these cases. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that COVID-19 can cause a PVVN resulting in abnormal vocal fold mobil ity. This diagnosis should be included in the constellation of morbidities that can result from COVID-19 as the otolaryngologist can identify this entity through careful history and examination. PMID:34643462 | DOI:10.1177/00034894211047829 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Epistaxis-overview and current aspects

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Epistaxis-overview and current aspects Via hno HNO. 2021 Oct 13. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01110-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Nosebleeds (epistaxis) are usually minor. Medical intervention is only necessary in about 6% of cases. The source of bleeding is frequently located in the anterior region of the nose (Kiesselbach's plexus). The estimated lifetime prevalence of epistaxis is 60%. Diffuse epistaxis is often a manifestation of systemic disease. Epistaxis is the leading symptom of Rendu-Osler-Weber disease (hereditary hemorrhagi c telangiectasia, HHT). If intervention is required, the first-choice of treatment is bidigital compression for several minutes. Common therapeutic measures include local hemostasis using electrocoagulation or chemical agents, e.g., silver nitrate. Resorbable anterior nasal tampons or tampons with a smooth surface are also frequently employed. In case of failed surgical closure of the sphenopalatine artery, angiographic embolization is the method of choice. PMID:34643746 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01110-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Radioiodine

Editorial Radioiodine: 80 years and counting; the past, present, and future by Matthew D Ringel Thematic Review Radioiodine treatment: an historical and future perspective by Patricia Borges de Souza and Christopher John McCabe Tailoring the approach to radioactive iodine treatment in thyroid cancer by Sarah E Mayson, Christine M Chan, and Bryan R Haugen The complex regulation of NIS expression and activity in thyroid and extrathyroidal tissues by Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Pilar Santisteban, and Antonio De la Vieja Na+/I− symporter expression, function, and regulation in non-thyroidal tissues and impact on thyroid cancer therapy by Sissy M Jhiang and Jennifer A Sipos Redifferentiation-facilitated radioiodine therapy in thyroid cancer by Livia Lamartina et al. The sodium iodide symporter (NIS): novel applications for radionuclide imaging and treatment by C Spitzweg et al. Research Development of improved SRC-3 inhibitors as breast cancer therapeutic agents by Li Qin et al. Targeted genomic analysis of 364 adrenocortical carcinomas by Nikita Pozdeyev et al. Antitumor immune response is associated with favorable survival in GEP-NEN G3 by Vivian Rosery et al.

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Comparison of Pericranial Autograft and AlloDerm for Duraplasty in Patients With Type I Chiari Malformation: Retrospective Cohort Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of Pericranial Autograft and AlloDerm for Duraplasty in Patients With Type I Chiari Malformation: Retrospective Cohort Analysis Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2021 Oct 11:opab343. doi: 10.1093/ons/opab343. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pericranial autograft is a popular option for duraplasty during Chiari decompression with several theoretical advantages, but comparisons to other materials have yielded mixed results. OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes between pericranial autograft and AlloDerm (BioHorizons). METHODS: Consecutive suboccipital craniectomies for patients with type I Chiari malformation (CM-I) over an 8-yr period at a single institution were identified. Exclusion criteria included revision surgeries and suboccipital decompressions without duraplasty. Outcomes included incisional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, length of stay (LOS), wound complication, aseptic meningitis, syrinx improvement, and symptomatic improvement. RESULTS: A total of 101 patients (70 females and 31 males) with a median (interquartile range) age of 17 yr ( 11-32) met the inclusion criteria. There were 51 (50%) patients who underwent duraplasty with pericranial autograft, and the remainder underwent duraplasty with AlloDerm. There were 9 (9%) patients who experienced a postoperative CSF leak. After adjusting for confounding factors, obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 4.69, 95% CI: 1.03-25.6) and use of AlloDerm (OR: 10.54, 95% CI: 1.7-206.12) were associated with CSF leak. Wound complication occurred in 8 (8%) patients but was not associated with graft type (P = .8). Graft type was not associated with LOS, syrinx improvement, or symptom improvement. Reoperations occurred in 10 patients with 4 in the autograft group and 6 in the AlloDerm group (P = .71). CONCLUSION: In patients with CM-I, expansile duraplasty with AlloDerm was associated with greater odds of CSF leakage than pericranial autograft. Obesity was also associated with increased odds of CSF leakage. PMID:34634804 | DOI:10.1093/ons/opab343 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Resveratrol protects against inorganic arsenic-induced oxidative damage and cytoarchitectural alterations in female mouse hippocampus

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Resveratrol protects against inorganic arsenic-induced oxidative damage and cytoarchitectural alterations in female mouse hippocampus Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Oct 8;123(7):151792. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151792. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Prolonged inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure is widely associated with brain damage particularly in the hippocampus via oxidative and apoptotic pathways. Resveratrol (RES) has gained considerable attention because of its benefits to human health. However, its neuroprotective potential against iAs-induced toxicity in CA1 region of hippocampus remains unexplored. Therefor e, we investigated the neuroprotective efficacy of RES against arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-induced adverse effects on neuronal morphology, apoptotic markers and oxidative stress parameters in mouse CA1 region (hippocampus). Adult female Swiss albino mice of reproductive maturity were orally exposed to either As2O3 (2 and 4 mg/kg bw) alone or in combination with RES (40 mg/kg bw) for a period of 45 days. After animal sacrifice on day 46, the perfusion fixed brain samples were used for the observation of neuronal morphology and studying the morphometric features. While the freshly dissected hippocampi were processed for biochemical estimation of oxidative stress markers and western blotting of apoptosis-associated proteins. Chronic iAs exposure led to significant decrease in Stratum Pyramidale layer thickness along with reduction in cell density and area of Pyramidal neurons in contrast to the controls. Biochemical analysis showed reduced hippo campal GSH content but no change in total nitrite (NO) levels following iAs exposure. Western blotting showed apparent changes in the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins following iAs exposure, however the change was statistically insignificant. Contrastingly, iAs +RES co-treatment exhibited substantial reversal in morphological and biochemical observations. Together, these findings provide preliminary evidence of neuroprotective role of RES on structural and biochemical alterations pertaining to mouse hippocampus following chronic iAs exposure. PMID:34634674 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151792 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Mechanisms and thermodynamic modelling of iodide sorption on AFm phases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Mechanisms and thermodynamic modelling of iodide sorption on AFm phases Via radioactive iodine J Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 Sep 22;608(Pt 1):683-691. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.104. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Both, experimental and modelling evidence is presented in this study showing that interlayer anion exchange is the dominant sorption mechanism for iodide (I-) on AFm phases. AFm phases are Ca-Al(Fe) based layered double hydroxides (LDH) known for their large potential for the immobilization of anionic radionuclides, such as dose-relevant iodine-129, em anating from low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (L/ILW) repositories. Monosulfate, sulfide-AFm, hemicarbonate and monocarbonate are safety-relevant AFm phases, expected to be present in the cementitious near-field of such repositories. Their ability to bind I- was investigated in a series of sorption and co-precipitation experiments. The sorption of I- on different AFm phases was found to depend on the type of the interlayer anion. Sorption Rd values are very similar for monosulfate, sulfide-AFm and hemicarbonate. A slightly higher uptake occurs by AFm phases with a singly charged anion in the interlayer (HS-AFm) as compared to AFm with divalent ions (monosulfate), whereas uptake by hemicarbonate is intermediate. No significant sorption occurs onto monocarbonate. Our derived thermodynamic solid solution models reproduce the experimentally obtained sorption isotherms on HS-AFm, hemicarbonate and monosulfate, indicating that anion exchange i n the interlayer is the dominant mechanism and that the contribution of I- electrostatic surface sorption to the overall uptake is negligible. PMID:34634544 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.104 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Necrotising Myositis - Learnings for a Plastic Surgeon

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Necrotising Myositis - Learnings for a Plastic Surgeon Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Sep 20:S1748-6815(21)00434-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.046. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Necrotising myositis (NM) is a life-threatening emergency. Prompt treatment is associated with more favourable outcomes, but early diagnosis is challenging. The initial absence of cutaneous signs and symptoms coupled with delayed recognition commonly result in higher rates of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: Analyse data regarding demographics, epidemiology, aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of previously reported cases. This publication is intended for plastic surgeons in training to help them look out for this disease. SEARCH METHODS/CRITERIA: Publications reporting necrotising myositis between 1974 to January 2020 were identified from Embase, Medline All, Web of Science Core Collection, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Identified studies were exported to an end note library. In animal studies, studies relating to statin-induced myotoxicity and auto-immune myositis were excluded. The quality of included case reports was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports. MAIN RESULTS: The most common initial presentation was a few days of antecedent prodromal flu-like symptoms associated with muscle pain. The mean age was 43.3 years and 82% had no significant medical history. The most frequent misdiagnoses were muscle strain (11%), deep vein thrombosis (10%) and viral illness (9%). Seventy-four per cent of presentations were due to Group A Streptococcus infections and only 3.5% of cases were polymicrobial. The most common clinical course following the initial presentation was rapid deterioration into profound sepsis and progression into multi-organ failure. The overall mortality rate was 36.5%. CONCLUSIONS: NM is a life-threatening musc le infection. It is a diagnostic conundrum as initial presentation is often only myalgia without features of preceding trauma. We propose that a high index of suspicion and increased awareness will reduce morbidity. OTHER: PROSPERO (registration number CRD42018087060). Nil funding/conflict of interest. PMID:34635455 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.046 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.