Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region: 10‐year randomized controlled trial results

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region: 10‐year randomized controlled trial results via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Objective To evaluate bar-supported maxillary implant overdenture treatment when supported by either four or six implants after 10 years. Material and methods Edentulous subjects with maxillary denture complaints and ample bone volume to facilitate implants in the anterior region of the maxilla were planned for implant-overdenture treatment, randomized to receive either four implants (n=25) or six implants (n=25) and subsequently evaluated after 10 years of function. Outcome variables included peri-implant bone level changes, implant and overdenture survival, complications, presence of plaque, calculus and bleeding, degree of peri-implant inflammation, probing depth and patient satisfaction. Differences between the groups and between evaluation periods were tested with a Student's t-test. Results Fourteen patients with totally 72 implants were lost to follow-up. Two patients from the 6-implant group experienced implant loss (four implants) resulting in 96.1 % implant survival in this group versus 100 % survival in the 4-implant group. Clinical, radiographical and patient-reported outcome measures did not differ statistical significantly between the two groups. Patients from both groups were generally quite satisfied with the result after 10 years. Conclusion Similar and favourable outcomes are seen in bar-supported maxillary overdentures on either four or six anteriorly placed implants after a 10-year evaluation period. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Tobacco smoke exacerbates Filifactor alocis pathogenicity

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Tobacco smoke exacerbates Filifactor alocis pathogenicity via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aims Filifactor alocis has recently emerged as a periodontal pathobiont that appears to thrive in the oral cavity of smokers. We hypothesized that identification of smoke-responsive F. alocis genes would provide insight into adaptive strategies and that cigarette smoke would enhance F. alocis pathogenesis in vivo. Materials and Methods F. alocis was grown in vitro and cigarette smoke extract-responsive genes determined by RNAseq. Mice were exposed, or not, to mainstream 1R6F research cigarette smoke and infected with F. alocis, or not, in an acute ligature model of periodontitis. Key clinical, infectious, and immune data were collected. Results In culture, F. alocis growth was unaffected by smoke conditioning and only a small number of genes were specifically regulated by smoke exposure. Reduced murine mass, differences in F. alocis-cognizant antibody production and altered immune profiles as well as altered alveolar bone loss were all attributable to smoke exposure and/or F. alocis infection in vivo. Conclusions F. alocis is well-adapted to tobacco-rich conditions and its pathogenesis is enhanced by tobacco smoke exposure. A smoke-exposed ligature model of periodontitis shows promise as a tool with which to further unravel mechanisms underlying tobacco-enhanced, bacteria-induced disease. View on Web

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A Partial Ossicular Replacement Prosthesis With a Concentric Ball Joint in the Headplate

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Partial Ossicular Replacement Prosthesis With a Concentric Ball Joint in the Headplate via The Laryngoscope This study focuses on the development of the mCLIP ARC Partial Prosthesis, a new partial middle-ear prosthesis featuring a balanced, centered ball joint. The ball joint allows the headplate to adapt to the individual anatomical features of the reconstructed tympanic membrane and facilitates intraoperative handling. Objective In passive middle ear prosthetics, rigid implants have proven successful in reconstructing the ossicular chain. However, these cannot fully replicate the physiology of the ossicular chain. Pressure fluctuations cause high stresses in rigid passive prostheses, which can result in dislocation, protrusion, and pre-tension in the annular ligament resulting in unsatisfactory hearing results. Methods In collaboration with MED-EL, we developed a new passive middle ear prosthesis that features a balanced, centered ball joint between the headplate and shaft of the prosthesis. We compared the sound transmission properties of this new prosthesis with those of a standard rigid prosthesis. Using Laser-Doppler-Vibrometry, we measured the sound-induced velocity of the stapes footplate relative to a given acoustic stimulus. Results The new prosthesis showed equivalent sound transmission characteristics compared to the rigid prosthesis, whereas retaining the ability to compensate for pressure fluctuations due to its ball joint. This ensures good transmission properties even during displacements of the tympanic membrane. Conclusion This development is a further step toward a physiological reconstruction of the ossicular chain. Level of Evidence N/A Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Efficacy of Imaging Methods in the Detection and Diagnosis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of Imaging Methods in the Detection and Diagnosis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea via The Laryngoscope We assess the diagnostic efficacy of various imaging methods in patients with suspected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. This network meta-analysis demonstrates that intrathecal gadolinium-magnetic resonance cisternography is the most useful diagnostic method to detect CSF rhinorrhea. Objective To assess the diagnostic efficacy of various imaging methods in patients with suspected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. Data Sources The PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane Trials, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to December 2021. Review Methods Diagnostic accuracy was compared among seven radiological methods: computed tomography (CT), CT cisternography (CTC), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance cisternography (MRC), CT + MRI, radionuclide cisternography, and intrathecal gadolinium (Gd)-MRC. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were used as outcomes of the analysis. Both a traditional pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis were performed. Results Twenty-three trials were included in the analysis. The results of a network meta-analysis performed on a network consisting of seven diagnostic methods showed that all imaging modalities had greater diagnostic accuracy than CT, with the exception of CTC, which had lower sensitivity. Only intrathecal Gd-MRC was significantly superior to other imaging methods with regard to sensitivity and accuracy. Gd-MRC also showed the greatest surface under the cumulative ranking curve values for all of the outcomes (sensitivity: 0.9200; specificity: 0.8364; accuracy: 0.8920). Conclusion This network meta-analysis demonstrates that intrathecal Gd-MRC is the most useful diagnostic method to detect CSF rhinorrhea. Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Activity of Targeted Kinase Inhibitors: Repurposing Clinically Available Drugs for COVID‐19 Therapy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Activity of Targeted Kinase Inhibitors: Repurposing Clinically Available Drugs for COVID‐19 Therapy via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Purpose Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a major public health concern, and vaccine unavailability, hesitancy, or failure underscore the need for discovery of efficacious antiviral drug therapies. Numerous approved drugs target protein kinases associated with viral life cycle and symptoms of infection. Repurposing of kinase inhibitors is appealing as they have been vetted for safety and are more accessible for COVID-19 treatment. However, an understanding of drug mechanism is needed to improve our understanding of the factors involved in pathogenesis. Methods We tested the in vitro activity of three kinase inhibitors against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including inhibitors of AXL kinase, a host cell factor that contributes to successful SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using multiple cell-based assays and approaches, gilteritinib, nintedanib, and imatinib were thoroughly evaluated for activity against SARS-CoV-2 varian ts. Results Each drug exhibited antiviral activity, but with stark differences in potency, suggesting differences in host dependency for kinase targets. Importantly, for gilteritinib, the amount of compound needed to achieve 90% infection inhibition, at least in part involving blockade of spike protein-mediated viral entry and at concentrations not inducing phospholipidosis (PLD), approached a clinically achievable concentration. Knockout of AXL, a target of gilteritinib and nintedanib, impaired SARS-CoV-2 variant infectivity, supporting a role for AXL in SARS-CoV-2 infection and supporting further investigation of drug-mediated AXL inhibition as a COVID-19 treatment. Conclusions This work supports further evaluation of AXL-targeting kinase inhibitors as potential antiviral agents and treatments for COVID-19. Additional mechanistic studies are needed to determine underlying differences in virus response. This article is protected by copyright. All r ights reserved. View on Web

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EGFR, the Lazarus target for precision oncology in glioblastoma

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader EGFR, the Lazarus target for precision oncology in glioblastoma via Neuro-Oncology Advance Access Abstract The Lazarus effect is a rare condition that happens when someone seemingly dead shows signs of life. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents a target in the fatal neoplasm glioblastoma (GBM) that through a series of negative clinical trials has prompted a vocal subset of the neuro-oncology community to declare this target dead. However, an argument can be made that the core tenets of precision oncology were overlooked in the initial clinical enthusiasm over EGFR as a therapeutic target in GBM. Namely, the wrong drugs were tested on the wrong patients at the wrong time. Furthermore, new insights into the biology of EGFR in GBM vis-à-vis other EGFR-driven neoplasms, such as non-small cell lung cancer, and development of novel GBM-specific EGFR therapeutics resurrects this target for future studies. Here, we will examine the distinct EGFR biology in GBM, how it exacerbates the challenge of treating a CNS neoplasm, how these unique ch allenges have influenced past and present EGFR-targeted therapeutic design and clinical trials, and what adjustments are needed to therapeutically exploit EGFR in this devastating disease. View on Web

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Arthrocentesis versus non-surgical intervention as initial treatment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia: a randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Arthrocentesis versus non-surgical intervention as initial treatment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia: a randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com Arthrocentesis for arthralgia of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is often only indicated when conservative, non-surgical interventions have failed. However, performing arthrocentesis as initial therapy may facilitate earlier and better recuperation of the joint. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of this therapy with a long-term follow-up. Eighty-four patients were randomly allocated to receive either arthrocentesis as initial treatment (n  = 41) or non-surgical intervention (n = 43). (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on Web

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