Abstract MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is used for suspicious breast cancer (BC) lesions which are detectable only with MRI: because the high sensitivity but limited specificity of breast MRI it is a fundamental tool in breast imaging divisions. We analyse our experience of MRI-guided VABB and critically discuss the potentialities of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and artificial intelligence (AI) in this matter. We retrospectively analysed a population of...
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Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging of microstructural changes in gray and white matter in Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I. Patient and Methods A prospective study was conducted on 10 patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I and 10 age- and sex-matched children who underwent diffusion tensor imaging of the brain. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of gray and white matter were measured. Results There was a significantly higher...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Objective The purpose of this article is to provide a primer for radiologists outlining the modern systemic therapies used in melanoma brain metastases, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The role of radiologic treatment response evaluation will be discussed from the standpoint of both modern systemic therapies and more traditional treatments. Conclusion Understanding the role of systemic treatments in melanoma brain metastases is critical for oncologic...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Objective The aim of the study was to compare intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for evaluating lung cancer using single-shot turbo spin-echo (TSE) and single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) in a 3T MR system. Methods Both single-shot TSE-DWI and single-shot EPI-DWI were scanned twice respectively for 15 patients with lung cancer. Distortion ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio were compared between the 2 techniques. The Bland-Altman analysis...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Neuronal and mixed glioneuronal tumors represent a group of neoplasms with varying degrees of neural and glial elements. Their age of presentation varies, but they are most commonly seen in children and young adults. With the exception of anaplastic ganglioglioma and other atypical variants, most lesions are low grade; however, they can have significant morbidity because of seizures, mass effect, or difficult to treat hydrocephalus. Although many tumors show overlapping clinical and imaging features,...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Objective Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent modality for pelvic imaging. The anatomy of uterine cavity and vagina is optimally evaluated when the walls, which may spontaneously be collapsed, are distended. Distension of these cavities during pelvic MRI for evaluation of gynecologic diseases has been conducted with vagina, filled with ultrasound gel or saline solution. In this meta-analysis, we aim to assess the effectiveness of vaginal contrast media in MRI for improving the detection...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Objective To assess impact of single-energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) algorithm utilizing retrospective adaptive thresholding in reducing metal artifacts in the abdomen and pelvis. Methods In this prospective institutional review board–approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant study, 90 patients with various metals (n = 97) on computed tomography of abdomen and pelvis (Canon Medical, Aquilion ONE and PRIME) scanned 07/2017–09/2018 with SEMAR retrospectively...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
We present clinical and chest computed tomography (CT) features of 5 cases of pediatric patients with 2019 novel coronavirus. Two patients had fever and dry cough, whereas the rest of 3 patients were asymptomatic. Three patients had unilateral ground glass opacities with or without consolidation in the subpleural region on high-resolution chest CT, 1 patient had bilateral ground glass opacities, and 1 patient was negative for CT. We note that up to 66.7% asymptomatic patients had pulmonary lesions,...
Wed Mar 25, 2020 02:00
Abstract Introduction Immunotherapy has improved outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet durable clinical benefit (DCB) is experienced in only a fraction of patients. Here, we test the hypothesis that radiomics features from baseline pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT scans can predict clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients treated with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. ...
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Abstract Purpose The aim of this case series is to illustrate the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of patients with acute respiratory disease caused by COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Methods We describe the 18F-FDG PET/CT results from four patients who were admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms and fever between January...
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Abstract Purpose Correct diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cardiac masses are crucial before therapy. We evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with cardiac masses. Methods 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 64 patients with 65 cardiac masses were retrospectively analysed (34 men, 30 women; average age,...
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Abstract Background Metabolic information obtained through 18F-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is used to evaluate malignancy by calculating the glucose uptake rate, and these parameters play important roles in determining the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of immune-related markers in tumor tissue reflects the immune status in the tumor microenvironment....
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Abstract Purpose Despite remarkable clinical responses and prolonged survival across several cancers, not all patients benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade. Accordingly, assessment of tumour PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is increasingly applied to guide patient selection, therapeutic monitoring, and improve overall response rates. However, tissue-based methods are invasive and prone to sampling error....
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Abstract Purpose The aim of this prospective study is to analyze the global tumor blood flow (BF) and its heterogeneity in newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) according to tumor biological characteristics and molecular subtypes. These perfusion parameters were compared to those classically derived from metabolic studies to investigate links between perfusion and metabolism. ...
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Abstract Background The Hopkins criteria were introduced for nodal response evaluation after therapy in head and neck cancer, but its superiority over quantification is not yet confirmed. Methods SUVbody weight thresholds and lesion-to-background ratios were explored in a prospective multicenter study of standardized FDG-PET/CT 12 weeks...
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Abstract Purpose Pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is commonly accepted as the gold standard to assess outcome after NAC in breast cancer patients. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has unique value in tumor staging, predicting prognosis, and evaluating treatment response. Our aim was to determine if we could identify radiomic predictors from PET/CT...
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Abstract Purpose Primary tumor (PT) and metastatic lymph node (MLN) status have a great influence on diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Our main purpose was to investigate the imaging characteristics of PT or MLN by applying the 18F-FDG PET dynamic modeling approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Dynamic 18F-FDG...
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