Patients with resected stage IIIB, IIIC and IIID melanomas have a high risk of recurrence. Therefore, an appropriate protocol for stage III melanoma is needed. Since adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib (D+T) combined therapy and anti-PD1 antibody (Ab) therapy reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with resected stage III BRAF-mutated melanoma, selecting the adjuvant therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma is controversial. The efficacy and safety profiles of D+T combined therapy in the adjuvant setting were retrospectively analyzed in 36 Japanese. BRAF-mutated advanced melanoma patients. The relapse-free rate (RFR) at 1 2 months was 82.1% (95% confidential interval (CI), 63.9–92.6%). In the 21 patients who completed the protocol, the RFR at 12 months was 85.7% (95% CI, 64.5–95.9%). In the seven patients whose protocol was interrupted by adverse events, the RFR was 71.4% (95% CI, 35.2–92.4%). The incidence rate of any AEs for all patients was 69.7% (95% CI, 52.5–82.8%), including 13 cases of pyrexia, five cases of skin rash and four cases of liver dysfunction. The present study suggested that D+T therapy in the adjuvant setting is a useful and very tolerable protocol for BRAF-mutated melanoma in the Japanese population.
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