Abstract Purpose of Review This review aimed to summarize evidence regarding mid- and long-term cardiovascular risks associated with living kidney donation in adults. Recent Findings Chronic kidney disease is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is known that glomerular filtration rate declines among many donors after donation; as a result,...
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Upstream open reading frame (uORF) is a translational initiation element located in the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) of eukaryotic mRNAs. Studies have found that uORFs play an important regulatory role in many diseases. Based on the TCGA database, the results of our experiments and previous research evidence, we investigated Transcription factor AP‐4 (TFAP4) and its uORF, LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1), long non‐coding RNA 00520 (LINC00520), and miR‐520f‐3p as candidates involved in glioma...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 200: Deep Sequencing Analysis Reveals Distinctive Non-Coding RNAs When Comparing Tumor Multidrug-Resistant Cells and Extracellular Vesicles with Drug-Sensitive Counterparts Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12010200 Authors: Diana Sousa Rune Matthiesen Raquel T. Lima M. Helena Vasconcelos Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main limitations of cancer treatment. The overexpression of drug-efflux pumps, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is a major cause of...
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People who have had a stroke with no identified cause could have their heart activity tracked and sent remotely to their doctor, suggests draft guidance of the UK National Institute for Health and...
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Abstract Purpose To compare the differences in lifestyle behaviours between cancer survivors (CSs) and cancer-free participants in a large and representative population-based cohort. Methods We included 115,257 adults from the Lifelines cohort. Cancer status was self-reported, and health behaviours were measured (e.g. body mass index [BMI]) or assessed by...
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Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer, which can be effectively controlled by immunotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors. However, a significant proportion of patients are characterized by primary therapy resistance. Predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy are lacking. Experimental Design: We applied Bayesian inference analyses on 41 MCC patients testing various clinical and biomolecular characteristics to predict treatment response....
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Purpose:In breast cancer bevacizumab increased pCR rate but not long term survival and no predictive markers are available to identify patients with long term benefit from the drug. Experimental Design:We profiled 289 pre-therapeutic FFPE biopsies of HER2 negative patients from the GeparQuinto trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy +/- bevacizumab by exome-capture RNA-Seq. In a prospectively planned study we tested molecular signatures for response prediction. Immunohistochemical validation was performed...
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Purpose: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male cancer deaths. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a lethal stage of the disease that emerges when endocrine therapies are no longer effective at suppressing activity of the androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor. The purpose of this study was to identify genomic mechanisms that contribute to development and progression of CRPC. Experimental Design: We used whole genome and targeted DNA sequencing approaches to identify...
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Purpose: Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting radioligands deliver radiation to PSMA expressingcells. However, the relationship between PSMA levels and intra-lesion heterogeneity of PSMA expression, and cytotoxic radiation by radioligand therapy (RLT) is unknown. Here we investigate RLT efficacy as function of PSMA levels/cell, and the fraction of PSMA-positive cells in a tumor. Experimental design: RM1 cells expressing different levels of PSMA (PSMA-, PSMA+, PSMA++,PSMA+++; study...
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Purpose: Human papilloma virus (HPV) related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with daily marijuana use and is also increasing in parallel with increased marijuana use in the United States. Our study is designed to define the interaction between cannabinoids and HPV positive HNSCC. Experimental Design: The expression of cannabinoid receptors CNR1 and CNR2 was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC data. We used agonists, antagonists, siRNAs or shRNA based models...
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Deciphering molecular targets to enhance sensitivity to chemotherapy is becoming a priority for effectively treating cancers. Loss of function mutations of SMAD4 in colon cancer is associated with metastatic progression and resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the most extensively used drug of almost all chemotherapy combinations used in the treatment of metastatic colon cancer. Here, we report that SMAD4 deficiency also confers resistance to irinotecan, another common chemotherapeutic frequently...
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0690-4Whither Anal Cancer?
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0715-zReply to Comment on “The effectiveness of home versus community-based weight control programmes initiated soon after breast cancer diagnosis: a randomised controlled trial”
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0724-yTargeting BRD/BET proteins inhibits adaptive kinome upregulation and enhances the effects of BRAF/MEK inhibitors in melanoma
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0725-xAnti-VEGF therapy resistance in ovarian cancer is caused by GM-CSF-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0714-0Comment on “The effectiveness of home versus community-based weight control programmes initiated soon after breast cancer diagnosis: a randomised controlled trial”
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0689-xTemporal improvements in loco-regional failure and survival in patients with anal cancer treated with chemo-radiotherapy: treatment cohort study (1990–2014)
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Considerable metabolic reprogramming has been observed in a conserved manner across multiple cancer types, but their true causes remain elusive. We present an analysis of around 50 such reprogrammed metabolisms (RMs) including the Warburg effect, nucleotide de novo synthesis and sialic acid biosynthesis in cancer. Analyses of the biochemical reactions conducted by these RMs, coupled with gene expression data of their catalyzing enzymes, in 7,011 tissues of 14 cancer types, revealed that all RMs produce...
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Tumor-induced remodeling of the microenvironment relies on the formation of blood vessels, which go beyond the regulation of metabolism, shaping a maladapted survival niche for tumor cells. In high-grade B-cell lymphoma, angiogenesis correlates with poor prognosis, but attempts to target established pro-angiogenic pathways within the vascular niche have been inefficient. Here, we analyzed Myc-driven B-cell lymphoma-induced angiogenesis in mice. A few lymphoma cells were sufficient to activate the...
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Repeated exposure to the acute pro-inflammatory environment that follows ovulation at the ovarian surface and distal fallopian tube over a woman's reproductive years may increase ovarian cancer risk. To address this, analyses included individual-level data from 558,709 naturally menopausal women across 20 prospective cohorts, among whom 3,246 developed invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (2045 serous, 319 endometrioid, 184 mucinous, 121 clear cell, 577 other/unknown). Cox models were used to estimate...
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The non-canonical Wnt ligand Wnt5a is found in high concentrations in ascites of women with ovarian cancer. In this study, we elucidated the role of Wnt5a in ovarian cancer metastasis. Wnt5a promoted ovarian tumor cell adhesion to peritoneal mesothelial cells as well as migration and invasion, leading to colonization of peritoneal explants. Host components of the ovarian tumor microenvironment, notably peritoneal mesothelial cells and visceral adipose, secreted Wnt5a. Conditional knockout of host...
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Chemotherapy is important for cancer treatment; however, toxicities limit its use. While great strides have been made to ameliorate the acute toxicities induced by chemotherapy, long-term comorbidities including bone loss remain a significant problem. Chemotherapy-driven estrogen loss is postulated to drive bone loss, but significant data suggests the existence of an estrogen-independent mechanism of bone loss. Using clinically relevant mouse models, we showed that senescence and its senescence-associated...
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During the last two decades, the number of breast implants used in aesthetic, oncologic and risk reducing surgery has exponentially increased. Since the identification of the first case of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) more than twenty years ago [1], several cases on this very rare disease have been reported, demonstrating a clear association with breast implants. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized BIA-ALCL as a disease associated with...
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Abstract Purpose Health professional organizations recommend exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, but there are mothers, such as those with a history of breast cancer, who are unable to exclusively provide their milk for their infants. Minimal research has been published on mothers’ experience with lactation, breastfeeding, and bottle-feeding after breast cancer. This study explored mothers’ perspectives of infant feeding after a history...
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People who have had a stroke with no identified cause could have their heart activity tracked and sent remotely to their doctor, suggests draft guidance of the UK National Institute for Health and...
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Abstract Purpose Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used in cancer patients to manage treatment-related gastrointestinal symptoms and to prevent damage to the gastric mucosal lining during treatment. However, PPI use may contribute to cognitive problems. To compare PPI-users and non-users, breast cancer survivors reported cognitive problems in three studies. Methods ...
6h
New findings about Parkinson's disease mechanisms may change doctors' understanding of its development and even alter the way in which they treat it.
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Cancer Gene Therapy, Published online: 14 January 2020; doi:10.1038/s41417-019-0157-zAutologous CAR T-cell therapies supply chain: challenges and opportunities?
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This study indicated that caregivers saw improved quality of life, reduced caregiving burden, lower anxiety and depression symptoms, and improved self-efficacy and coping skills having received psychosocial intervention. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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The priority review was based on results from the phase III PAOLA-1 trial comparing the addition of olaparib to bevacizumab vs the standard-of-care alone. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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Naval Daver, MD, explains the progress made on 3 abstracts he ’s involved with regarding acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at the ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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ConclusionIn women with BBD, breast lobules with increasing epithelial abnormality show significant decreases in cytotoxic T cells as measured by CD8/CD103 staining, suggesting that impaired immunosurveillance may be a component of the earliest stages of breast cancer development. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
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Abstract Background Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare neuroectodermal tumor that seldom occurs during childhood. Multimodal treatments are currently proposed, but the place of each therapy is still in debate. Our objective is to describe clinical evolution, especially the pattern of relapses and determine contributors to tumor progression. Procedure Medical charts of all children (≤18 years) affected by ENB treated in France from January 1990 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed....
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Topical sirolimus for the treatment of cutaneous manifestations of vascular anomalies: A case series
Abstract Background Vascular anomalies (VA), characterized by the abnormal development or growth of blood and/or lymphatic vessels, encompasses a spectrum of conditions with a range of symptoms and complications. VA are frequently associated with cutaneous complications that can cause significant morbidity. Systemic sirolimus has previously been shown to be effective in the treatment of complicated VA. There are limited studies to date on the use of topical sirolimus for the treatment of cutaneous...
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Abstract Background Cognitive limitations are common after childhood cancer and require assessment and support in the medical and school setting. Pediatric oncology providers are tasked with educating families about the side effects of disease/treatment, and supporting families as they navigate the associated challenges. Despite this important role, little is known about the training, practice, and knowledge of providers in the domain of cognitive/school impacts. Methods An online survey...
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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a new family of noncoding RNAs that are involved in the causation and progression of various cancers. However, the roles of circRNAs in the tumorigenesis of ga... (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)
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This study aims to explore the prognostic value of C3 deposition an... (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)
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In the original publication of this article [1], labelling within Fig. 7a was incorrect. The updated figure is shown below, with ‘DMT1’ now corrected to read ‘DNMT1’. (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)
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ConclusionsAdditional research is needed to examine the efficacy of consumer wearable devices in promoting physical activity and weight management among cancer survivors.Implications for Cancer SurvivorsCancer survivors show an increase in physical activity when using consumer wearable activity trackers. Increased physical activity plays an important role in alleviating many adverse effects of breast cancer therapy as well as improving morbidity and mortality. Additional research such as clinical...
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Deep inside a 1968 meteorite fall are grains from an entirely different cosmic era -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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ConclusionsThe rates of large, invasive tumors and the presence of metastases are significantly associated with older patient age. Localization to the thigh is more frequent in older patients.DiscussionThe causes for these variations require further exploration. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology)
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ConclusionHDACi suppress the epithelial –mesenchymal transition (EMT) and compromise the DNA integrity of cancer cells. These data encourage further testing of HDACi against tumor cells. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology)
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Junjie Wang, Shude Chai, Ruoyu Wang, Guangjun Zheng, Kaixian Zhang, Bin Huo, Xiaodong Huo, Yuliang Jiang, Zhe Ji, Ping Jiang, Ran PengJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2019 15(7):1430-1434 Interstitial permanent radioactive seed implantation delivers a high local dose to tumors and sharply drops off at surrounding normal tissues. Radioactive seeds implanted via ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) guidance are minimally invasive and facilitate quick recovery. Transrectal ultrasound-guided...
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Conclusions: When using CT-guided 125I implantation, patients with malignant abdominal tumors undergo a convenient operation, sustain little trauma, and have an improved quality of life. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: Using a lentiviral expression vector, IL-18 was expressed stably and efficiently in A549 cells, which showed attenuated proliferation and tumor cell growth, and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis. IL-18 expression also induced the secretion of IFN-γ, while decreasing the production of IL-4, therefore restoring the balance between Th1/Th2 cell subsets. These findings further demonstrated the antitumor activity of IL-18 and might open new therapeutic avenues for the prevention and treatment...
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Conclusion: Thermal ablation is a short-term safe and effective method in treating low-risk small PTMCs, which can be considered a potential alternative therapy for patients with PTMC. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Camrelizumab administration combined with MWA was safe in the treatment of advanced NSCLC, and the combination improved the ORR of camrelizumab alone compared to previous reports. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that decitabine was effective and relatively safe in treating MDS and AML. Patients with agranulocytosis and severe anemia were prone to have poor survival, which should be monitored in clinical practice. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: The combination of camrelizumab and apatinib in the treatment of NSCLC reduced the incidence of RCHs. Apatinib appeared to be a salvage therapy of RCHs, which leads to rapid regression of RCHs with no impairment on the quality of life. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: RFA and MWA are both effective and safe techniques for treating BTNs. Higher VRRs were observed at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups in the RFA group. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: SR should remain as the first-line therapy for early HCC. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: IVIM parameters can differentiate metastatic from nonmetastatic LNs with smaller short-axis diameters (× ≤7 mm) in rectal cancer, and the short-axis diameter is a significant factor in identifying metastatic and nonmetastatic LNs in larger short-axis diameter groups (× >7 mm). (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: The transosseous approach for CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation was safe, effective, and minimally invasive for the treatment of thoracic and abdominal lymph node metastases. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Synchronous core-needle biopsy and MWA via a coaxial cannula is technically safe and feasible in the management of highly suspicious malignant pulmonary nodules, and this procedure has lesser complications and similar effects (both 100% effective treatment) compared with sequential procedures. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: Metformin demonstrated enhanced radiosensitivity and inhibition of EMT in HCC cells. Sp1 might be a target of metformin in radiosensitization. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Hua Qiu, Jun-Hua Ai, Jun Shi, Ren-Feng Shan, Dong-Jun YuJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2019 15(7):1450-1463 Gastrectomy is considered the gold standard treatment for gastric cancer patients. Currently, there are two minimally invasive surgical methods to choose from, robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG). Nevertheless, it is still unclear which is superior between the two. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of RG and LG for gastric...
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Conclusions: These findings provide further insight into the expression pattern of MALAT1 and BACH1 in TNBC and suggest them as prognostic biomarkers for TNBC. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Direct factor Xa inhibitors are superior to LMWH in efficacy in the treatment of VTE in cancer patients, and the safety between the two regimens is comparable except for a slightly higher rate of minor bleeding when the former is used. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Using the proposed methods of customizing and optimizing the IS needle configuration, the limitation in the standardized design of combined IC/IS applicators can be addressed, and sufficient target coverage is obtained in cervical cancer patients with unfavorable tumor topography and/or extra lateral expansion. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Our results suggest that diabetes, intraoperative blood loss ≥400 mL, PPH, and PEA leak were independent risk factors for unplanned reoperation after primary PD. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET/CT may yield reliable measurements of tumor proliferation, and an SUVmax >8.5 may distinguish between aggressive and indolent NHLs. In adults with newly diagnosed lymphoma, SUVmax correlates with Ki-67 index and IPI score. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: The colorectal cancer screening program could improve health-related quality of life and reduce medical expenditure. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: These cumulative data support that TSR may be an early predictor of the treatment efficacy in NSCLC with EGFR mutations treated with first-line TKIs. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: MWA is a technically feasible option for melanoma liver metastases with special imaging features on MRI. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: CT-guided percutaneous interstitial brachytherapy with iodine-125 seeds can be used for the treatment of lung malignant tumors. Its clinical curative effect is remarkable and it results in limited trauma, reducing the incidence of adverse reactions and improving patient quality of life. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: EBUS-TBNA combined with PET/CT could effectively reduce false-positive and false-negative rates in the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, which might provide accurate staging, determine optimum therapeutic strategy and improve survival in patients with lung cancer. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: As neoadjuvant therapy, the Nab-PTX regimen has advantages over conventional taxane regimen in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer. With this regimen, a high pCR rate was achieved with a good safety profile. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: US-PMWA assisted by 3D visualization preoperative treatment planning system maybe a safe and efficient therapy for LAM, which could promote ablation precision, improve the clinical outcomes. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: CT-guided iodine-125 brachytherapy may be an effective and safe alternative with promising survival and increased local control rate in unresectable HCC treatment. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusions: Our predictive model showed good predictive ability for identifying true negatives among nonspecific benign lung biopsy results. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: Our discovery demonstrated a depression of growth in CD44+/CD24– and A549 cells caused by blockade of Notch signaling pathway. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the detailed effects of Notch1 blocking on the LCSCs. Nevertheless, targeting the Notch pathway has exhibited great potential to be an improved lung cancer treatment. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Zhiwei Wang, Xiao Yang, Jitao Wang, Shuai Wang, Xiaorong Mao, Mingxing Li, Yongzhao Zhao, Weidong Wang, Xiaolong Qi, Tongwei WuJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2019 15(7):1435-1449 Molecular target anticancer drugs are commonly used in various forms of cancers. It is a concern that the risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) and fatal adverse events (FAEs) of molecular target drugs are increasing. An up-to-date meta-analysis of all Phase II/III/IV randomized trials of molecular target anticancer...
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Xiaoguang Li, Xin YeJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2019 15(7):1427-1429 (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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Conclusion: Rg3 can inhibit expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in human gastric cancer cells and may influence abdominal implantation metastasis of gastric cancer through inhibiting its expression. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)
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We reported that almost all rhythm genes mutated in all cancer types, and their expression level was significantly altered partially due to abnormal methylation and a series of functions of rhythm genes in tumor development. Rhythm genes are associated with the infiltration of immune cells and the efficiency of immune blockade therapy. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the roles of rhythm genes in cancer immunity, which may provide a novel method for the diagnosis and treatment...
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We evaluated end‐of‐life quality metrics by minority serving status at NCI/NCCN cancer centers. We found higher minority‐serving status associated with worse end‐of‐life quality on some but not all measures. However, at any given cancer center, care was similar for minority and white patients. Abstract Background We calculated the performance of National Cancer Institute (NCI)/National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) cancer centers’ end‐of‐life (EOL) quality metrics among minority and white...
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