Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 2020. ObjectivesThis prospective, randomized, controlled study aimed to explore the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with epidural blockade on postoperative recovery of elderly patients after radical resection for colorectal cancer.MethodsNinety-six elderly patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer were randomly divided into the following four groups: dexmedetomidine, epidural blockade (ropivacaine), combined...
Wed Jun 24, 2020 07:21
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 2020. ObjectivesPlatelet (PLT) indices are predictive in many diseases and conditions. The relationships of these indices with proteinuria and progression of renal disease are not well known. This study aimed to assess PLT indices in patients with primary glomerular nephrotic range proteinuria (PGNRP), with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to compare these indices with those of healthy individuals (His).MethodsThis cross-sectional...
Wed Jun 24, 2020 07:18
Abstract The magnitude of the defensive blink reflex is modulated by continuous assessment of its protective value. Here, we studied whether the trigeminal blink reflex (TBR) is modulated by a potentially offensive object close to the face, and, if so, whether self‐stimulation or observation of the act of stimulus triggering counteracts such modulation. In all, 26 healthy volunteers participated in various experimental conditions. At baseline, an experimenter triggered supraorbital nerve stimuli...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:31
Abstract Background Systemic chemotherapy is often the last resort of advanced cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). Tumor recurrence and adverse effects of systemic chemotherapy are the main limitations. Objective We aim to investigate the metabolic alterations in tumor cells after CHOP (cyclophosphamide,hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin and prednisone) chemotherapy. Methods and Results In advanced CTCL, CHOP chemotherapy has no survival benefit and the duration of response is significantlyinferior...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 19:26
Background and Objectives Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a hereditary condition that is associated with arteriovenous malformations. A common site for these malformations is the nasal mucosa, which is associated with severe epistaxis and debilitation for affected patients. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of blue light laser technology in treating these endonasal manifestations in a retrospective chart analysis. Additionally, we compared blue light laser technology to bipolar...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 22:10
Tue Jun 23, 2020 21:33
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Ahead of Print.
Tue Jun 23, 2020 05:50
Abstract Aims Hypofractionated radiation treatment (HFRT) following breast conservation surgery (BCS) has similar efficacy to conventionally fractionated radiation treatment (CFRT). This study updates outcomes for patients treated with HFRT in Christchurch, New Zealand, and reports on the pattern, timing and method of detection of recurrences to inform follow‐up practice. Methods Between 2004 and 2006, 273 women with early breast cancer were treated with HFRT (42.5 Gray (Gy) in 16 fractions)....
Tue Jun 23, 2020 20:27
Abstract Introduction Skeletal muscle metastasis (SMM) are rare and can have different patterns on computed tomography (CT). Our aim was to estimate the frequency of the different patterns, primary tumours and localizations of SMM in a large single‐centre sample. Methods A retrospective search in the database of our radiological institution was performed for patients with SMM. The primary tumour, affected muscles and CT patterns were estimated. Results Overall, 104 SMM were diagnosed...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 14:03
When interpreting the timed barium swallow image, the surface area of the residual column better reflects the adequacy of esophageal emptying compared to the column height. Abstract Background Timed barium swallow (TBS) is used to objectively measure response following achalasia therapy; however, findings can be discordant with symptoms. We hypothesized that measurement of surface area of the residual barium column would improve its utility in measuring outcome. Methods In a single‐center...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 17:13
In anesthetized male Yucatan pigs, direct colonic ES causes primarily local contractions while pulse train CBVN ES induces pancolonic contractions involving central neural network. This study provides a foundational basis to guide safe and effective neuromodulation for patients suffering from intractable colonic motility disorders. Abstract Background Knowledge on optimal electrical stimulation (ES) modalities and region‐specific functional effects of colonic neuromodulation is lacking....
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:46
Abstract We have read with great attention the kind contribute by C. Ozdemir et al., about the possible effects of tuberculosis vaccine with Calmette‐Guérin Bacillus (BCG) on the course of COVID‐19 pandemics[1]. We agree, because our group has been working for the last few months on thishypothesis, with a different approach,over the ability of BCG to provide protection against COVID‐19. Several studies, as also reportedby Redelman‐Sidi, G ., are currently ongoing to determine the effect of BCG vaccination...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 20:53
ABSTRACT The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides a common language for use worldwide as a diagnostic and classification tool for epidemiology, clinical purposes and health management. Since its first edition, the ICD has maintained a framework distributing conditions according to topography, with the result that some complex conditions, such as allergies and hypersensitivity disorders (A/H) including anaphylaxis, have been poorly represented. The change in hierarchy in ICD‐11...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 20:16
ABSTRACT Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes exacerbations of asthma and preschool wheeze (PSW). However, the anti‐viral and repair responses of the bronchial epithelium in children with severe therapy resistant asthma (STRA) and PSW are poorly understood. Methods Children with STRA (age 12 [6‐16] years), PSW (age 2 [1‐5] years) and non‐asthmatic controls (age 7 [2‐14] years) underwent bronchoscopy with endobronchial brushings and biopsies. Anti‐viral, wound injury responses...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:22
Tue Jun 23, 2020 14:51
Tue Jun 23, 2020 14:10
Abstract Prevalence and symptoms of most psychiatric and neurological disorders differ in men and women and there is substantial evidence that their neurobiological basis and treatment also differ by sex . This special issue sought to bring together a series of empirical papers and targeted reviews to highlight the diverse impact of sex in neuroscience and neuropsychopharmacology. This special issue gathers empirical papers and targeted reviews to emphasize the diverse impact of sex in neuroscience and...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 21:50
Abstract Development of alternative therapies for treating functional deficits after different neurological damages is a challenge in neuroscience. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is a potent neurotrophic factor exerting neuroprotective actions in brain and spinal cord. It is used to prevent or treat injuries of the central nervous system using different administration routes in different animal models. In this study we evaluated whether intracisternal (IC) route for IGF‐1 gene therapy may...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:49
Abstract Predictive processing seems like a radical departure from traditional theories of information processing in the brain, but a broader view of predictions highlights many similarities with standard frameworks. Predictive processing is memory and competitive bias in a new outlook – and we should use this correspondence to advance research on both fronts.
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:46
Abstract By 2050, the global population of people aged 65 years or older will triple. While this is accompanied with an increasing burden of age‐associated diseases, it also emphasizes the need to understand the effects of healthy ageing on cognitive processes. One such effect is a general slowing of processing speed, which is well documented in many domains. The execution of anti‐saccades depends on a well‐established brain‐wide network ranging from various cortical areas and basal ganglia through...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 14:55
Abstract Enhancer can transcribe RNAs, however, most of them were neglected in traditional RNA‐seq analysis workflow. Here, we developed a Pipeline for Enhancer Transcription (PET, http://fun‐science.club/PET) for quantifying enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) from RNA‐seq. By applying this pipeline on lung cancer samples and cell lines, we show that the transcribed enhancers are enriched with histone marks and transcription factor motifs (JUNB, Hand1‐Tcf3, and GATA4). By training a machine learning model, we...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:47
ABSTRACT Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with poor outcomes. Though some mutations such as CDC73 have been found in patients, the molecular mechanism of PC still needs extensive data to clarify. Whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) was performed with frozen samples from 23 PC patients. Peripheral leukocytes were collected from 14 patients and served as controls. Somatic and germline gene alterations, copy number abnormalities, and structural variants were detected. Inactivating...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:32
ABSTRACT Insecticide use has been linked to increased risk of Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), however findings of epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent, particularly for NHL subtypes. We analyzed 1690 NHL cases and 5131 controls in the North American Pooled Project (NAPP) to investigate self‐reported insecticide use and risk of NHL overall and by subtypes: follicular lymphoma (FL), diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:31
Abstract Immunotherapy of vulvar high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (vHSIL) is investigated as an alternative for surgery, because of high comorbidity and risk of recurrence. Limited evidence exists on the role and composition of the immune microenvironment in current immunotherapeutic approaches for vHSIL. The vHSIL of 29 patients biopsied before treatment with imiquimod were analyzed by two multiplex seven‐color immunofluorescence panels to investigate the pre‐existing T cell and myeloid...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:28
Abstract Large scale human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination against the most oncogenic high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18 is rapidly reducing their incidence. However, attempts at assessing if this leads to an increase of non‐vaccine targeted HPV types have been hampered by several limitations, such as the inability to differentiate secular trends. We performed a population‐based serological survey of unvaccinated young women over 12 years. The women were under 23‐years‐old, residents...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:27
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:27
Abstract Serum autoantibodies have been reported to react with tumor‐associated antigen (TAA) in various cancers. This multicenter study evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of six autoantibodies against a panel of six hepatocellular carcinoma‐associated antigens, including Sui1, p62, RalA, p53, NY‐ESO‐1, and c‐myc. A total of 160 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 74 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled from six institutions. Serum antibody titers were determined by enzyme‐linked...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:26
Abstract Reproductive senescence is the decrease of reproductive performance with increasing age and can potentially include trans‐generational effects as the offspring produced by old parents might have a lower fitness than those produced by young parents. This negative effect may be caused either by the age of the father, mother, or the interaction between the ages of both parents. Using the common woodlouse Armadillidium vulgare , an indeterminate grower, as a biological model, we tested for...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 22:20
Abstract Zones of secondary contact between closely related taxa are a common legacy of the Quaternary ice ages. Despite their abundance, the factors that keep species apart and prevent hybridisation are often unknown. Here we study a very narrow contact zone between three closely related butterfly species of the Erebia tyndarus species complex. Using genomic data, we first determined if gene flow occurs and then assessed whether it might be hampered by differences in chromosome number between...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:47
Abstract Studies of colonisation of new habitats that appear from rapidly changing environments are interesting and highly relevant to our understanding of divergence and speciation. Here we analyse phenotypic and genetic variation involved in the successful establishment of a marine fish (sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutus ) over a steep salinity drop from 35 PSU in the North Sea (NE Atlantic) to 2 PSU in the inner parts of the postglacial Baltic Sea. We first show that populations are adapted to...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:29
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an extensively studied class of porous materials, which distinguish themselves from other porous polymers in their crystallinity and high degree of modularity, enabling a wide range of applications. COFs are most commonly synthesized solvothermally, which is often a time consuming process and restricted to well soluble precursor molecules. Synthesis of polyimide‐linked COFs (PI‐COFs) is further complicated by the poor reversibility of the ring closing reaction...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 22:00
A magnetically induced catalysis can be promoted taking advantage of optimal heating properties from the magnetic nanoparticles to be employed. However, if unprotected, these heating agents that are usually air‐sensitive, get sintered under the harsh catalytic conditions. In this context, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first example of air‐stable magnetic nanoparticles that: a) show an excellent performance as heating agents in the CO 2 methanation catalyzed by Ni/SiRAlOx, with CH...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 21:31
A dinuclear Pd(II) complex possessing a cyclic ligand was developed as a novel doubly threaded [3]rotaxane scaffold and applied to a rotaxane cross‐linker reagent. The dinuclear complex (PdMC)2 was prepared by one‐step macrocyclization followed by double palladation reactions. 1H NMR and UV–vis measurements revealed the formation of a doubly threaded pseudo[3]rotaxane by the complexation of (PdMC)2 with 2 eq. of 2,6‐disubstituted pyridine 3 through double metal coordination. The treatment of (PdMC)2 with...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 19:17
In this work, a group of newly reported antiperovskite nitrides Cu x In 1‐ x NNi 3 (0≤x≤1) with tunable composition are employed as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Cu 0.4 In 0.6 NNi 3 shows the highest‐intrinsic performance of the developed catalysts in this work with a merely 42 mV of overpotential at 10 mA cm ‐2 . High current density stability test at 100 mA cm ‐2 shows its super‐stable performance with only 7 mV increasing on the overpotential...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 19:17
Carboxylate esters have many desirable features as electrophiles for catalytic cross‐coupling: they are easy to access, robust during multistep synthesis, and mass efficient in coupling reactions. Alkenyl carboxylates, a class of readily prepared non‐aromatic electrophiles, remain difficult to functionalize via cross‐coupling. We demonstrate that Pd catalysis is effective for coupling electron‐deficient alkenyl carboxylates with arylboronic acids in the absence of base or oxidants. Furthermore, these...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 19:15
Osmotic energy, obtained through different concentration of salt solutions, is recognized as a kind of sustainable energy source because few pollutants are discharged during electricity generation process. Lately, asymmetric aromatic compound membranes have attracted worldwide concern thanks to their low cost and high performance in osmotic energy conversion. However, the membrane formation process, forms of functional groups, membrane thickness and the dimensional change could also be the interfering...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 18:14
Simulation vs. Understanding: A Tension, in Quantum Chemistry and Beyond. Part C. Toward Consilience
In the last part of our Essay, we outline a path of consilience, with a role both for simulation and for understanding. Experiment draws us together. Two case studies show what brings joy, and make it clear that how intertwined computation and theory‐building has been for the authors. In the conjoined future we imagine (far out for some) chemistry's streak of creation provides a link to Art, and a passage to a renewed vision of the sacred in science. Abstract In the last part of our Essay,...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:46
Engineering synthetic materials that mimic the complex rhythmic oscillatory behavior of living cells is a fundamental challenge in science and technology. Up to now, the reported synthetic model system still cannot compete with nature in oscillatory modes and amplitudes. Herein, we present a novel alternating copolymer vesicles that exhibit drastic and multi‐mode shape oscillations in real time controlled by polymer concentrations and driven by Belousov‐Zhabotinsky (B‐Z) oscillatory reaction, including...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:44
A multifunctional graphene conjugate was designed for cancer treatment, as reported by E. Miyako, A. Bianco et al. in their Communication (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20191611210.1002/anie.201916112). The image depicts the three regalia—crown, orb, and sword—representing triple chemically modified graphene as the strongest approach for cancer therapy.
Tue Jun 23, 2020 16:35
Inverting the reactivity of the functional groups in ambiphilic molecules provides a new synthetic strategy to carry out late‐stage enantiodivergence. Both enantiomers of the final compound can be obtained from a common chiral precursor. As a proof of concept, the synthesis of substituted five‐ and six‐membered oxacycles is described. The key step is the cyclization of an ambiphilic linear precursor bearing a propargylic alcohol and an epoxide linked through an alkyl chain. Through a slight modification...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 14:44
Achieving highly efficient phosphorescence in purely organic luminophors at room temperature remains a major challenge due to slow intersystem crossing (ISC) rates in combination with effective non‐radiative processes in those systems. Most room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) organic materials have O‐ or N‐lone pairs leading to low lying (n, π*) and (π, π*) excited states which accelerate k isc through El‐Sayed’s rule. Herein, we report the first persistent RTP with lifetimes up to 0.5 s from...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 13:47
Splashing down the ponds : The cascade photooxygenation of tetrahydrocarbazoles and cyclohepta[b ]indoles leads to chiral tricyclic perhydropyrido‐ and perhydroazepino[1,2‐a ]indoles, which are precursors to uncommon C ,N ‐diacyliminium ions. Abstract Tetrahydrocarbazoles and perhydrocyclohepta[b]indoles undergo a catalytic cascade singlet oxygenation in alkaline medium, which leads to chiral tricyclic perhydropyrido‐ and perhydroazepino[1,2‐a]indoles in a single operation. These photooxygenation...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 13:46
Residual dipolar coupling (RDC), a robust anisotropic NMR parameter for structural elucidation of organic molecules, is only accessible in an anisotropic environment. Herein, we introduce a novel alignment medium based on the molecular self‐assembly of oligopeptide amphiphile (OPA). This medium is compatible with different intermediate and polar solvent systems, such as CD 3 OD, DMSO‐ d 6 , and D 2 O. The preparation of the OPA‐based medium is simple and rapid, while only very weak background...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 13:45
Arrangement of polymer‐chains dictates the bulk properties of polymers and there is great interest in methodologies for aligning polymer chains in desired topologies. To synthesize a 1D polymer in a novel twist‐stacked topology, we designed a peptide‐monomer HC≡CCH 2 ‐NH‐Ile‐Leu‐N 3, which crystallizes in P6 5 space group with its molecules H‐bonded along a six‐fold screw axis. These H‐bonded columns pack parallelly such that molecules arrange head‐to‐tail forming linear non‐covalent chains...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 13:45
The first general and regioselective Pd‐catalyzed cyclocarbonylation to give α ‐methylene‐ β ‐lactones is reported. Key to the success for this process is the use of a specific sterically demanding phosphine ligand based on N ‐arylated imidazole ( L11 ) in the presence of Pd(MeCN) 2 Cl 2 as pre‐catalyst. A variety of easily available alkynols provide under additive‐free conditions the corresponding α ‐methylene‐ β ‐lactones in moderate to good yields with excellent regio‐ and diastereoselectivity....
Tue Jun 23, 2020 11:41
Tue Jun 23, 2020 22:48
Boehm and colleagues provide new insights into species‐specific differences in the morphology of the mammalian neuromuscular junction. Abstract The neuromuscular junction (NMJ)—a synapse formed between lower motor neuron and skeletal muscle fibre—represents a major focus of both basic neuroscience research and clinical neuroscience research. Although the NMJ is known to play an important role in many neurodegenerative conditions affecting humans, the vast majority of anatomical and physiological...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 12:58
Background To date, research has not determined the optimal procedure for adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) treated for 6 months with neoadjuvant ADT and external‐beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Methods A multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial enrolled 303 patients with locally advanced PCa between 2001 and 2006. Participants were treated with neoadjuvant ADT for 6 months. Then, 280 patients whose prostate‐specific antigen levels...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 15:52
Background Patients with cancer have a higher risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) than noncancer patients. The authors conducted a multicenter retrospective study to investigate the clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with cancer who are diagnosed with COVID‐19. Methods The authors reviewed the medical records of hospitalized patients who were treated at 5 hospitals in Wuhan City, China, between January 5 and March 18, 2020. Clinical parameters relating to cancer history...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 15:51
Background Bisphosphonates and denosumab, as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer, have been associated in some studies with improved cancer outcomes. The potential benefits of these drugs used at the lower doses commonly given for osteoporosis have not been established. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between therapy with bone‐modifying agents (BMAs) and survival in older women with early breast cancer. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 15:50
Background KRAS , TP53 , CDKN2A , and SMAD4 are established driver genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study was aimed at determining whether the mutational status of driver genes and those involved in DNA repair pathways are associated with clinical outcomes for individuals who undergo resection. Methods Eligible individuals were those who underwent resection of PDAC and consented to targeted sequencing of their primary tumor via Memorial Sloan Kettering–Integrated Mutation...
Tue Jun 23, 2020 15:45
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