For local-regionally confined squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal, standard treatment is definitive external beam radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy. Malignancies of the anus metastasize to the inguinal and femoral lymph node region [1]. Multiple consensus guidelines recommend routine elective coverage of the inguinal lymph node basin in the definitive treatment of anal cancer [2–4]. Omission of the inguinal lymph node basin has been associated with an unacceptably high risk of inguinal...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a well-established standard-of-care (SoC) in locally advanced (LA) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) as shown in the update of MACH-NC database (8% survival benefit at 5 years) [1 2 3]. The most commonly adopted standard CRT regimen is combination of conventional fractionated radiotherapy (70 Gy/7 weeks) with high-dose cisplatin (100 mg /m2 every 3 weeks).
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Pathological complete response (pCR) at surgery after neo-adjuvant radio-chemotherapy (RCT) of locally advanced rectal cancer is known to be a robust predictor of outcome [1,2]. On the other hand, the early identification of patients with a high probability of experiencing pCR is of extremely high interest due to the great consequent potential in individualizing therapy [3], including the choice of treatment intensification for non-responding patients and omission of surgery for patients with a high...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Sinonasal malignancies are an uncommon subgroup of head and neck cancers that are difficult to treat due to disease heterogeneity, intricate anatomy, and lack of randomized evidence to guide treatment decisions.1,2 As locally advanced disease is common at time of presentation, patients require multidisciplinary evaluation and management using a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.3 Historically, sinonasal cancer outcomes have demonstrated minimal improvement over treatment eras,...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Tumor hypoxia is a well-known adverse prognostic factor in various solid cancers and also showed predictive value in two a posteriori analyses of trials testing the addition of the hypoxia activated prodrug Tirapazamine to standard radiochemotherapy [1–3]. Since hypoxia-activated prodrugs failed to demonstrate their superiority compared to standard treatment in three large phase III studies on various tumors including HNSCC without pre-selection on the basis of tumor hypoxia, the inclusion of a hypoxia-specific...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Radiation oncology is a clinical discipline based on the use of ionizing radiation to treat cancer [1,2]. On a daily basis, oncologists exploit articulated diagnosis, deliver multimodality personalized cancer treatments, supportive care and pain control. They take care of the comunicational needs of both patients and caregivers and are confronted with death and suffering [3]. They also need to face demanding productivity requirements, coping with limited autonomy and increasing regulatory which can...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is mainly caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and epidemiologic data indicate an increasing incidence [1,2]. Standard treatment for non-metastatic disease is primary chemoradiotherapy (CRT) [3]. In general, treatment outcomes are favorable, but disease recurrence occurs in up to 40% of patients with advanced stages (cT3-4 and/or cN+) [3,4]. Pelvic radiotherapy (RT) and CRT are associated with acute organ toxicities such as proctitis, diarrhea,...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
A substantial proportion of patients with advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are unsuitable for radical treatment with surgery or (chemo)radiotherapy [1–2] because of very advanced loco‐regional disease, significant comorbidities, poor performance status, distant metastatic disease or any combination of these factors. Patients with untreated advanced HNSCC have a median survival of approximately 100 days [3]. However, this group of patients still requires some form of treatment...
Thu May 14, 2020 03:00
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