The University of Washington School of Dentistry is ranked No. 3 in the United States and No. 4 in the world by the Shanghai Ranking Consultancy in its newly released 2020 Academic Ranking of World Universities subject rankings. The post School ranks 4th in world in research-oriented survey appeared first on UW School of Dentistry.
Tue Jun 30, 2020 23:22
Third-year University of Washington dental student Bahara Naimzadeh has been awarded a Dental Trade Alliance Foundation Scholarship for 2020, the foundation has announced. The post Dental student’s community work helps earn scholarship appeared first on UW School of Dentistry.
Tue Jun 30, 2020 23:06
Meiotic drivers are selfish genetic elements that have the ability to become over-represented among the products of meiosis. This transmission advantage makes it possible for them to spread in a population even when they impose fitness costs on their host organisms. Whether a meiotic driver can invade a population, and subsequently reach fixation or coexist in a stable polymorphism, depends on the one hand on the biology of the host organism, including its life-cycle, mating system, and population...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
Biological evolution exhibits an extraordinary capability to adapt organisms to their environments. The explanation for this often takes for granted that random genetic variation produces at least some beneficial phenotypic variation for natural selection to act on. Such genetic evolvability could itself be a product of evolution, but it is widely acknowledged that the immediate selective gains of evolvability are small on short timescales. So how do biological systems come to exhibit such extraordinary...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
How environmental and anthropogenic factors influence genetic variation and local adaptation is a central issue in evolutionary biology. The Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster), one of the southernmost native salmonid species in the world, is susceptible to climate change, habitat perturbations and the competition and hybridization with exotic rainbow trout (O. mykiss). The present study aimed for the first time to use genotyping-by-sequencing to explore the effect of genetic hybridization...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWThe rapid global loss of biodiversity calls for improved predictions of how populations will evolve and respond demographically to ongoing environmental change. The heritability (h2) of selected traits has long been known to affect evolutionary and demographic responses to environmental change. However, effects of the genetic architecture underlying the h2 of a selected trait on population responses to selection are less well understood. We use deterministic models and stochastic...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
Rapid ecological radiations provide useful models for identifying instances of parallel evolution, which can highlight critical genomic architecture involved in shared adaptations. Thermoregulatory innovations have allowed deer mice of the genus Peromyscus to radiate throughout North America, exploiting extreme thermal environments from mountain tops to desert valleys, and positioning this taxon as a model for understanding thermal adaptation. We compare signatures of selective sweeps across population-level...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
Choi and Kim (PNAS, 117: 3678-3686; first published February 4, 2020; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915766117) used the alignment-free Feature Frequency Profile (FFP) method to reconstruct a broad sketch of the tree of life based on proteome data from 4,023 taxa. The FFP-based reconstruction reports many relationships that strongly contradict the current consensus view of the tree of life and its accuracy has not been tested. Comparison of FFP with current standard approaches, such as concatenation...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
As selection frequently favors non-cooperating defectors in mixed populations with cooperators, mechanisms that promote cooperation stability clearly exist. One potential mechanism is bacterial cell-to-cell communication, quorum sensing (QS), which can allow cooperators to prevent invasion by defectors. However, the impact of QS on widespread maintenance of cooperation in well-mixed conditions has not been experimentally demonstrated over extended evolutionary timescales. Here, we use wild-type (WT)...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
Many animals use acoustic signals for communication, implying that the properties of these signals can be under strong selection. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis predicts that species living in dense habitats emit lower-frequency sounds than those in open areas, because low-frequency sounds generally propagate further in denser vegetation. Signal frequency may also be under sexual selection, because it correlates with body size and lower-frequency sounds are perceived as more intimidating. Here,...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
SARS-CoV-2 caused a global pandemic in early 2020 and has resulted in more than 8,000,000 infections as well as 430,000 deaths in the world so far. Four structural proteins, envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) glycoprotein, play a key role in controlling the entry into human cells and virion assembly of SARS-CoV-2. However, how these genes evolve during its human to human transmission is largely unknown. In this study, we screened and analyzed roughly 3090 SARS-CoV-2 isolates...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 03:00
Responses to drought within a single species may vary based on plant development stage, drought severity, and the avoidance or tolerance mechanisms employed. Early drought stress can restrict emergence and seedling growth. Thus, in areas where water availability is limited, rapid germination leading to early plant establishment may be beneficial. Alternatively, germination without sufficient water to support the seedling may lead to early senescence, so reduced germination under low moisture conditions...
Mon Jun 29, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 29 June 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Corbin A. Helis, Ryan T. Hughes, Chase W. Glenn, Claire M. Lanier, Adrianna H. Masters, Ammoren Dohm, Tamjeed Ahmed, Jimmy Ruiz, Pierre Triozzi, Hasan Gondal, Christina K. Cramer, Stephen B. Tatter, Adrian W. Laxton, Fei Xing, Hui Wen Lo, Jing Su, Kounosuke Watabe, Ge Wang, Christopher T. Whitlow, Michael D. Chan
Tue Jun 30, 2020 23:18
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2020Source: American Journal of OtolaryngologyAuthor(s): Hugo Fontan Köhler, Genival Barbosa de Carvalho, Luiz Paulo Kowalski
Tue Jun 30, 2020 22:16
Publication date: Available online 29 June 2020Source: American Journal of OtolaryngologyAuthor(s): Luiz Fernando Manzoni Lourençone, Guilherme Trindade Batistão, Jeniffer de Cassia Rillo Dutka, Rubens de Brito
Tue Jun 30, 2020 22:16
The recognition and description of new diseases often resemble the parable of the blind men and the elephant, with each declaring that the part of the beast they have touched fully defines it. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has evolved, case reports have appeared describing…
Mon Jun 29, 2020 03:00
Publication date: July–August 2020Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia, Volume 48, Issue 4Author(s): Luis Á. Echeverría-Zudaire
Tue Jun 30, 2020 21:38
Aims. Atherosclerotic disease, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), is recognized to be associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the association between CAD and plasma levels of sestrin2 which is one of the stress-inducible antioxidant proteins. Methods. We measured plasma sestrin2 levels in 304 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was represented as the numbers of >50% stenotic coronary vessels and segments and the severity score....
Tue Jun 30, 2020 17:05
Background. Exosomes exist in almost all body fluid and contain diverse biological contents which may be reflective of disease state. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable in structure and have a long half-life in exosomes without degradation, thus making them reliable biomarkers. However, the potential of exosomal circRNAs as biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD) remains to be established. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression levels and the potential use of exosomal circRNAs as diagnostic...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 10:50
The sarcomeric proteins control the movement of cells in diverse species, whereas the deregulation can induce tumours in model organisms and occurs in human carcinomas. Sarcomeric proteins are recognized as oncogene and related to tumor cell metastasis. Recent insights into their expressions and functions have led to new cancer therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we appraise the evidence for the sarcomeric proteins as cancer genes and discuss cancer-relevant biological functions, potential...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 08:50
Background. Urolithiasis is the process of stone formation in the urinary tract. Its etiology is only partly known, and efficient therapeutic approaches are currently lacking. Metabolomics is increasingly used in biomarkers discovery for its ability to identify mediators of relevant (patho)physiological processes. Amino acids may be involved in kidney stone formation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of an amino acid signature in stone former urine through a targeted metabolomic...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 08:50
Publication date: September 2020Source: International Immunopharmacology, Volume 86Author(s): Rui Liu, Xinghui Liu, Li Yuan, Huan Han, Muhammad Adnan Shereen, Jiesheng Zhen, Zhili Niu, Dong Li, Fang Liu, Kailang Wu, Zhen Luo, Chengliang Zhu
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:39
Publication date: September 2020Source: International Immunopharmacology, Volume 86Author(s): Tingting Li, Yaxin Zhou, Xi Sun, Yang Bian, Kunyu Wang, Qifeng Guo, Qingqing Wang, Feng Qiu
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:39
Publication date: September 2020Source: International Immunopharmacology, Volume 86Author(s): Weifan Jiang, Tianming Dai, Shuilin Xie, Lan Ding, Lizhen Huang, Renke Dai
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:39
Publication date: September 2020Source: International Immunopharmacology, Volume 86Author(s): Yingqi Li, Xiuxing Liu, Jianfeng Yu, Zhuang Li, Yuxi Chen, He Li, Xiaoqing Chen, Wenru Su, Dan Liang
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:39
Publication date: Available online 29 June 2020Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): José D. López-Cabrera, Leonardo A. Hernández-Pérez, Rubén Orozco-Morales, Juan V. Lorenzo-Ginori
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:28
Publication date: Available online 29 June 2020Source: Hearing ResearchAuthor(s): Kathleen T. Yee, Biswas Neupane, Fengwei Bai, Douglas E. Vetter
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:25
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has caused catastrophic disease worldwide, although children have been relatively spared. Severe lung involvement with acute respiratory failure is the most common complication of Covid-19 in adults, but many have complications in multiple organs,…
Mon Jun 29, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2020Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): Ahmad Safadi, Shlomi Kleinman, Dana Gigi, Anat Wengier, Itay Oz, Abraham Abergel, Ilan Koren, Omer J. Ungar
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:11
Publication date: Available online 29 June 2020Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): K. Dowgierd, D. Larysz, P. Szymor, M. Kozakiewicz
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:11
Publication date: September 2020Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Volume 31Author(s): Xiufang Chen, Ying Zhou, Yixin Tan, Guozhen Duan, Zhihui Li, Puyu Zou, Rong Xiao, Yi Zhan
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:03
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2020Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic TherapyAuthor(s): Paulo André Gonçalves de Carvalho, Roberta Cardim Lessa, Dirce Maria Carraro, Antonio Cássio Assis Pellizzon, Graziella Chagas Jaguar, Fábio Abreu Alves
Tue Jun 30, 2020 20:03
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