Abstract In this study, the metagenomic resource generated from an aquatic habitat of extreme temperature was screened for the identification of a novel xylanase, XynM1. Gene sequence analysis designated it as a member of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10. The metagenomic DNA fragment was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified protein was biochemically characterized. The optimum temperature and pH for the XynM1 xylanase were found to be at 80 °C and 7, respectively....
Sun Apr 05, 2020 03:00
Abstract Anode potential can affect the degradation pathway of complex substrates in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), thereby influencing current production and coulombic efficiency. However, the intricacies behind this interplay are poorly understood. This study used glucose as a model substrate to comprehensively investigate the effect of different anode potentials (− 150 mV, 0 mV and + 200 mV) on the relationship between current production, the electrogenic pathway and the...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Chromobacterium violaceum, one free-living Gram-negative bacterium, is abundantly presented in tropics and sub-tropics soil and aquatic environment; it is also an opportunistic human pathogen. Here, two cinnamic acid derivatives, i.e., 4-dimethylaminocinnamic acid (DCA) and 4-methoxycinnamic acid (MCA), were identified as potential quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm inhibitors in C. violaceum ATCC12472. Both DCA (100 μg/mL) and MCA (200 μg/mL) inhibited the levels of N-decanoyl-homoserine...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious foodborne pathogen since it has ability to produce variety of toxins including heat-stable enterotoxin, form biofilm, and acquire resistance to antibiotics. Biocontrol of foodborne pathogens by lytic bacteriophages garners increasing interest from both researchers and food industry. In the present study, 29 phages against S. aureus were successfully isolated from chicken, pork, and fish. Characterization of the isolates revealed that...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Isobutyrate (i-butyrate) is a versatile platform chemical, whose acid form is used as a precursor of plastic and emulsifier. It can be produced microbially either using genetically engineered organisms or via microbiomes, in the latter case starting from methanol and short-chain carboxylates. This opens the opportunity to produce i-butyrate from non-sterile feedstocks. Little is known on the ecology and process conditions leading to i-butyrate production. In this study,...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are novel biosurfactants performing excellent physical-chemical properties as well as bioactivities. This study is aimed to explore the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of mannosylerythritol lipids against foodborne gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The results of growth curve and survival rate revealed the significant inhibitory effect of MELs against S. aureus. The visualized pictures by scanning electron microscope and transmission...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Candida albicans invasion is one of the most serious fungal infections in clinical history. In recent years, because of the widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs, chemotherapy drugs, glucocorticoids, and broad-spectrum antibiotics, serious drug resistance has been reported; therefore, a new type of antifungal drug needs to be developed. In this study, we found that Nerol (NEL) had strong antimicrobial activity and 0.77 μL/mL NEL was the minimum...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract During alcohol fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces organic acids, including succinate, acetate, and malate. Since malate contributes to the pleasant flavor of sake (a Japanese alcoholic beverage), various methods for breeding high-malate-producing yeast have been developed. We previously isolated a high-malate-producing strain and found that a missense mutation in GID4 was responsible for the high-malate-producing phenotype. Gid4 is...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract The redox-sensing transcriptional repressor Rex (Rex) displayed diverse functions in different microbial species. Nowadays, only part function of rex has been verified in vitro and alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adhE) as the target of Rex has been widely reported. In this study, rex was knocked out in Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense SCUT27 (GDMCC 60765) and the carbon metabolic distribution analysis was performed. Results showed that the ethanol yield (mol product/mol...
Sat Apr 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract The bacteria wall fulfills important physiological functions at the cell, depending on its composition and organization. Many researches focused their studies in understanding the change of its properties not only in strength and permeability, but also in morphological plasticity due to both chemical and physical stresses. In particular, filamentation morphology is a cryptic phenomenon, with involve for great variety of bacteria, which allow them...
Fri Apr 03, 2020 03:00
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