Faced with a gritty landscape of metal fences, concrete walls and asphalt pavement, city lizards in Puerto Rico rapidly and repeatedly evolved better tolerance for heat than their forest counterparts, according to new research. Studies that delve into how animals adapt in urban environments are still relatively rare. But anoles are becoming a model system for urban evolutionary research.
Tue Mar 10, 2020 15:42
Some species of fish, notably parrotfish and wrasses living on coral reefs, change their biological sex as they age, beginning life as females and later becoming functionally male. New work shows that this sequential hermaphroditism evolves when bigger males gain an advantage in reproductive success -- for example by defending a permanent mating territory.
Mon Mar 09, 2020 22:52
Turtle ant soldiers and their oddly-shaped heads suggest that evolution is not always a one-way street toward increasing specialization.
Mon Mar 09, 2020 22:52
Abstract EBV BamHI A rightward transcripts (BART) encode microRNAs (EBV‐miR‐BARTs) abnormally highly expressed in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of miR‐BART7‐3p and miR‐BART13‐3p. Plasma levels of EBV DNA, miR‐BART7‐3p, and miR‐BART13‐3p were examined by quantitative PCR in 483 treatment‐naïve NPC patients and 243 controls without NPC. The prognostic performance was examined by comparing plasma levels with rates of distant...
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Abstract Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is overexpressed in > 80% of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Accordingly, folate is attracting attention as a targeting ligand for EOC. For EOC patients, paclitaxel (PTX) is generally used as first‐line chemotherapeutic agent in combination with platinum‐based drugs. Cyclodextrin (CyD) is a potential new formulation vehicle for PTX that could replace Cremophor‐EL, a traditional formulation vehicle that causes significant side effects including neutropenia....
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Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, Ahead of Print.
Mon Mar 09, 2020 09:00
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) with C1-inhibitor deficiency is associated with painful, potentially fatal attacks affecting subcutaneous or submucosal tissues. Objective: To evaluate HAE burden from patients’ perspective.
Tue Mar 10, 2020 02:00
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) that is generally considered an absolute contraindication to future use of the offending agent, due to the high risk of morbidity and mortality. Potentially cross-reactive medications are often avoided, although large studies or validated assays to predict clinical cross-reactivity are lacking. Restricting medication use can also pose health risks when efficacious therapies are limited. This is particularly true for mycobacterial...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 02:00
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between Twitter mentions and the number of academic citations of radiation oncology articles. Materials and Methods: We reviewed all 178 clinical manuscripts of the 2 most important radiation oncology journals and “Brachytherapy,” and all clinical manuscripts relating to radiation oncology from the top 10 impact factor oncology journals, published between January and February 2018. We collected the record of citations...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 02:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Volume 35, Issue 2, Page 120-128, March 2020.
Thu Mar 05, 2020 10:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Volume 35, Issue 2, Page 143-152, March 2020.
Thu Mar 05, 2020 10:00
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Fri Mar 06, 2020 10:00
Splish splash and have a blast. (Jakob Owens via Unsplash/)We have become a culture that demands our music, our way, at all times. Not only do our devices need to stream whatever song we come up with on a whim, we need wireless, portable speakers to blow it out when we do so. And if we want to do all of this in a pool? You’d better believe we will demand that, too.Finding Bluetooth-enabled speakers that can deliver quality sound while also being portable and waterproof may sound daunting, but we...
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Properly caring for your leather boots can add years of life. (Steve Johnson/)This story originally feature on Field & Stream.If you’re one of those people who’s ever found the perfect pair of leather boots, you know how important it can be to enjoy every minute of your time in them. Your favorite shoes are like an old friend—even if you haven’t seen them for a while, you can take up right where you left off comfortably. Take good care of those boots, and they’ll take good care of your feet....
Tue Mar 10, 2020 23:30
Play better. (Humphrey Muleba via Unsplash/)Ever since its debut in 2001, Microsoft’s Xbox has only grown more and more powerful. To truly handle all that it has to offer (and show off a little in the process), you need to supplement with after-market accessories. After all, you have to make sure your components are always charged and ready to go.Let’s dive into your new must-haves for your Xbox One and game library.In-the-box thinking. (Amazon/)By this point, the differences between the Xbox and...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 23:24
Our answers to some of the most common questions we’ve been getting about COVID-19. (Pexels/)Follow all of PopSci’s COVID-19 coverage here, including travel advice, pregnancy concerns, and the latest findings on the virus itself.Since the novel coronavirus began spreading throughout China in January, it has reached 104 additional countries and infected 109,577 people globally. So far, 3,809 people have reportedly died from COVID-19. To contain community outbreaks, countries have taken drastic measures...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 21:52
Stay fresh. (Jude Infantini via Unsplash/)Think for a second how ingrained bread is in our culture. We “break bread” with family, friends, and frenemies as a way of problem solving. It’s a slang term for money. The value of new inventions is still rated against sliced bread.So, if you’re going to start making such a time-honored concoction as the humble loaf of bread, you’ll want a gadget that can do it justice. Here are some great options for aspiring breadwinners.A black box of power. (Amazon/)Hamilton...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 21:16
It may shock you to learn that brewing alcohol in your dorm room is not a great idea. (Pexels/)In the latest concerning TikTok trend, teens have documented their DIY alcohol adventures while brewing booze with grocery store ingredients—usually fruit juice, sugar, and active dry yeast. Some videos have racked up hundreds of thousands of likes and inspired others to establish their own bedroom microbreweries.These brief TikTok “dorm mead” tutorials instruct users to funnel about a tablespoon of active...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 19:30
Many hands make light work. (Perry Grone/Unsplash/)The internet has transformed the way we live and communicate with each other, which means it’s likely you have colleagues and clients spread across the world. With the right phone apps, you can make sure this geographical diversity doesn't hurt productivity, and ensure that everyone on your team is on the same page (sometimes literally).These collaboration apps don’t just have to be for the workplace, either—you may also find them useful for planning...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 18:23
When algae and microbes accumulate on ocean plastic, the odors these tiny creatures create smells like food to sea turtles. (Credit: Joseph Pfaller/)Smells tasty—that might be what sea turtles are thinking when they chow down on sea debris like discarded fishing gear, plastic bags, and cigarette filters. Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that ocean plastics that have been colonized by algae and other microscopic ocean life give off odors similar to those given...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 14:00
Background. The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism has been found to influence plasma lipid concentration, and its correlation with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been investigated. However, it is unclear whether ApoE is associated with PAD in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Therefore, our study is aimed at investigating the relationship between the ApoE gene polymorphism and PAD in Chinese T2DM patients. Methods. A total of 192 T2DM patients were divided into two...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 15:50
Abstract The use of observational analyses, such as classical epidemiological studies or randomised controlled trials (RCTs), to infer causality in cancer may be problematic due to both ethical reasons and technical issues, such as confounding variables and reverse causation. Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an epidemiological technique that uses genetic variants as proxies for exposures in an attempt to determine whether there is a causal link between an exposure and an outcome. Given that genetic...
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Abstract The oncogene brachyury (TBXT) is a T‐box transcription factor that is overexpressed in multiple solid tumors and is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor patient prognosis. Gliomas comprise the most common and aggressive group of brain tumors, and at the present time the functional and clinical impact of brachyury expression has not previously been investigated in these neoplasms. Brachyury expression (mRNA and protein) was assessed in normal brain (n = 67), glioma tissues (n = 716)...
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Abstract Formalin fixation and paraffin‐embedding (FFPE) is the most common method to preserve human tissue for clinical diagnosis and FFPE archives represent an invaluable resource for biomedical research. Proteins in FFPE material are stable over decades but their efficient extraction and streamlined analysis by mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomics has so far proven challenging. Here, we describe an MS‐based proteomic workflow for quantitative profiling of large FFPE tissue cohorts directly...
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The aim of this systematic review was to assess the accuracy and reliability of automatic landmarking for cephalometric analysis of three-dimensional craniofacial images. We searched for studies that reported results of automatic landmarking and/or measurements of human head computed tomography or cone beam computed tomography scans in MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science until March 2019. Two authors independently screened articles for eligibility. Risk of bias and applicability concerns for each...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 02:00
This study was performed to test a protocol for trans-implant treatment of chronic recurrent maxillary sinusitis (CRS), via implants with an internal removable sealing screw. The appropriate indications for treatment, optimal number of treatment sessions, and general schedule of treatment and follow-up were assessed. This was a retrospective study of 31 patients with CRS who were managed with trans-implant lavage. Of these patients, 28 (referred for a sinus elevation procedure) underwent a simultaneous...
Wed Feb 12, 2020 02:00
Background Several new treatment options have been approved for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In this systematic review, associations of the efficacy of each approved regimen with adverse events (AEs) and the total cost per cycle were compared with a Bayesian network meta‐analysis (NMA) of phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed Publisher, and Web of Science were searched from January 1999 to July 2018 for phase 3 RCTs of regimens...
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Background After breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, work incapacity often occurs among working‐age women. We investigated the trajectories of previous and subsequent sickness absence and/or disability pension (SA/DP) days, and risk factors for consistently high levels of future SA/DP among these women. Methods This longitudinal cohort study included all 3536 women in Sweden aged 19‐64 years who received a first BC diagnosis in 2010. Their annual SA/DP net days from 2 years before to 3 years...
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Background Familial breast cancer risk studies usually overlook the dynamic nature of family history. Methods The authors assessed the effect of incorporating the timing of cancer diagnosis events into the assessment of familial risks of breast cancer in first‐degree and second‐degree relatives in a nationwide cohort study of 5,099,172 women (follow‐up was between 1958‐2015). Family history was assessed using 3 approaches: 1) as a static variable (ever having a relative with breast cancer);...
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Background Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alone does not improve overall survival (OS) in recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). The angiopoiein (Ang)–TIE2 system may play a role in tumor survival under VEGF inhibition. We conducted a phase 2, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial of bevacizumab plus trebananib (a novel Fc fusion protein that sequesters Ang1/Ang2) over bevacizumab alone in rGBM. Methods Patients ≥18 years of age with a Karnofsky performance status ≥70...
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Background EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shifted the treatment paradigm in advanced EGFR‐mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patients who are treated with TKIs inevitably develop acquired resistance by mechanisms that are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of acquired resistance after treatment with third‐generation EGFR TKIs. Methods Advanced EGFR‐mutant NSCLC patients treated with olmutinib or osimertinib who...
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Background Women of African ancestry (WAA) are disproportionately affected by triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), which remains one of the most clinically challenging breast cancer (BCa) subtypes. This study investigated the prevalence of TNBC and epidemiological trends for BCa in Barbados, a Caribbean island with a high percentage of African ancestry. Methods Pathology reports for all BCa cases between 2007 and 2016 were collected from the sole hospital in Barbados and reviewed. The...
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Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) is potentially curative but with known negative effects on quality of life. In the current study, the authors investigated whether patients expressed regret after undergoing HCT and the relationships between clinical outcomes and quality of life. Methods Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research data from 184 adults who completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Bone Marrow Transplant...
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Background In recent years, extensive attention has been paid to the possibility that bias among health care professionals contributes to health disparities. In its 2003 report, the Institute of Medicine concluded that bias against racial minorities may affect communication or care offered. However, to the authors' knowledge, the role of bias within the context of recruitment of racial and ethnic minorities to cancer clinical trials has not been explored to date. Therefore, the authors assessed...
Tue Mar 10, 2020 09:49
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