Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is a rare, photosensitive disease characterized by skin fragility and blistering on sun-exposed areas. There is little previous research on how this condition affects health-relat...
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, leading to many complications and substantial decrease in patients’ Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). HRQoL among diabetic patients could affect by concurrent...
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Schizophrenia was ranked as one of the top ten illnesses contributing to the global burden of disease. But little is known about the quality of life among people with schizophrenia, in particular in low-income...
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by Charles S. Omura, Susan E. Lott The gene products that drive early development are critical for setting up developmental trajectories in all animals. The earliest stages of development are fueled by maternally provided mRNAs until the zygote can take over transcription of its own genome. In early development, both maternally deposited and zygotically transcribed gene products have been well characterized in model systems. Previously, we demonstrated that across the genus Drosophila, maternal...
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by Yao Hu, Mariaelisa Graff, Jeffrey Haessler, Steven Buyske, Stephanie A. Bien, Ran Tao, Heather M. Highland, Katherine K. Nishimura, Niha Zubair, Yingchang Lu, Marie Verbanck, Austin T. Hilliard, Derek Klarin, Scott M. Damrauer, Yuk-Lam Ho, the VA Million Veteran Program , Peter W. F. Wilson, Kyong-Mi Chang, Philip S. Tsao, Kelly Cho, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Themistocles L. Assimes, Lauren E. Petty, Jennifer E. Below, Ozan Dikilitas, Daniel J. Schaid, Matthew L. Kosel, Iftikhar J. Kullo, Laura...
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by James Y. Dai, Xiaoyu Wang, Bo Wang, Wei Sun, Kristina M. Jordahl, Suzanne Kolb, Yaw A. Nyame, Jonathan L. Wright, Elaine A. Ostrander, Ziding Feng, Janet L. Stanford Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 100 SNPs that increase the risk of prostate cancer (PrCa). We identify and compare expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and CpG methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) among 147 established PrCa risk SNPs in primary prostate tumors (n = 355 from a Seattle-based...
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Abstract Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV transmission was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Despite correlations of decreases in new HIV infections being greatest where PrEP has been deployed, the uptake of PrEP is lagging, particularly among populations with disproportionate HIV burden. This narrative review seeks to identify individual and systemic barriers to PrEP usage in the USA. A comprehensive...
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Abstract Introduction Inhaled methoxyflurane is an analgesic used for the emergency relief of moderate to severe pain in conscious adult patients with trauma and associated pain that is increasingly being used in hospital emergency departments to provide rapid analgesia. It is widely accepted that effective pain relief can facilitate patient care and flow through the emergency department (ED). The main aim of this evaluation was to...
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[ Advance Publication ] [ Title ] The Japan Neurosurgical Database: Overview and Results of the First-year Survey [ Author ] Koji IIHARA,Teiji TOMINAGA,Nobuhito SAITO,Michiyasu SUZUKI,Isao DATE,Yukihiko FUJII,Kazuhiro HONGO,Kiyohiro HOUKIN,Amami KATO,Yoko KATO,Takakazu KAWAMATA,Phyo KIM,Hiroyuki KINOUCHI,Eiji KOHMURA,Kaoru KURISU,Keisuke MARUYAMA,Nobuhiro MIKUNI,Susumu MIYAMOTO,Akio MORITA,Hiroyuki NAKASE,Yoshitaka NARITA,Ryo NISHIKAWA,Kazuhiko NOZAKI,Kuniaki OGASAWARA,Kenji OHATA,Nobuyuki SAKAI,Hiroaki...
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Abstract Despite high mortality rates, molecular understanding of metastasis remains limited. It can be regulated by both pro- and anti-metastasis genes. The metastasis suppressor, breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1), has been positively correlated with patient outcomes, but molecular functions are still being characterized. BRMS1 has been implicated in focal adhesion kinase (FAK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and NF-κB signaling pathways. We review evidence...
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Publication date: Available online 29 March 2020Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Yuting Jiang, Chengdi Wang, Shengtao Zhou
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[ Advance Publication ] [ Title ] Levothyroxine in the treatment of overt or subclinical hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis [ Author ] Yan Chen,Hai-Yan Tai [ Advance Pub. date ] 2020-03-31 [ DOI ] https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ19-0583
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PHOENIX and FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. — March 30, 2020 — Since mid-January, the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) has joined the world-wide effort to test for the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing the COVID-19 disease. Acting as Genomic First Responders, TGen, an affiliate of City of Hope , is using advanced biomedical technologies to study this disease while also working to help establish a statewide tracking network for COVID-19. In early March — after receiving Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)...
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Use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) by women increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which can have a major impact on an individuals' quality of life. VTE is also associated with an increase in healthcare costs. Our aim was to systematically review cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) considering any screening for risk of VTE in women using COCs. The quality of reporting in each study was assessed, a summary of results was prepared, and the key drivers of cost effectiveness in each...
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Background:; Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and adherence to treatment are two often inter-related concepts that have implications for patient management and care. Tuberculosis (TB) and its treatment present a major public health concern in South Africa. The study aimed to evaluate the association between HRQOL and adherence in TB patients in South Africa.; Methods:; Four self-reported HRQOL and one self-reported adherence measures were used in an observational longitudinal multicentre study...
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The evaluation of patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the burden associated with this disease. The aim of this study was to assess the overall impact of TB on the health status and on single health domains identified in the WHO definition of health, including physical, mental and social health aspects.; Four instruments for HRQOL evaluation were applied in a longitudinal multicentre study during six-month...
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Herpes zoster (HZ) or "shingles" results from a reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) acquired during primary infection (chickenpox) and surviving in the dorsal root ganglia. In about 20% of cases, a complication occurs, known as post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). A live attenuated vaccine against VZV is available for the prevention of HZ and subsequent PHN. The present study aims to update an earlier evaluation estimating the cost-effectiveness of the HZ vaccine from a Swiss third party payer...
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To determine the proportion of pediatric randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that are prematurely discontinued, examine the reasons for discontinuation, and compare the risk for recruitment failure in pediatric and adult RCTs.; A retrospective cohort study of RCTs approved by 1 of 6 Research Ethics Committees (RECs) in Switzerland, Germany, and Canada between 2000 and 2003. We recorded trial characteristics, trial discontinuation, and reasons for discontinuation from protocols, corresponding publications,...
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To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of conservative versus surgical treatment strategies for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).; Patients prospectively enrolled in the multicenter Lumbar Stenosis Outcome Study (LSOS) with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Quality adjusted life years (QALY) were calculated based on EQ-5D data. Cost data were retrieved retrospectively. Cost-effectiveness was calculated via decision tree analysis.; A total of 434 patients were included, treated surgically (n = 170)...
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Teil 1: Die schweizerische Rechtsprechung: empirische und dogmatische Analyse Teil 2: Rechtsvergleich, menschenrechtlicher Kontext und präventionspolitische Aspekte
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L'article traite des questions juridiques en relation avec la liberté de la résiliation en matière de droit du travail et ses limites légales. Cette liberté qui est saluée de manière quasi-unanime par la politique, la doctrine et la pratique fait l'objet d'un examen critique. En considérant l'environnement politique international, l'auteur se demande si la liberté de la résiliation représente effectivement un avantage pour la place économique suisse. Une analyse approfondie de la pratique en tenant...
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We consider a Josephson junction bilayer consisting of two tunnel-coupled two-dimensional electron gas layers with Rashba spin-orbit interaction, proximitized by a top and bottom s-wave superconductor with phase difference ϕ close to π. We show that, in the presence of a finite weak in-plane Zeeman field, the bilayer can be driven into a second order topological superconducting phase, hosting two Majorana corner states (MCSs). If ϕ=π, in a rectangular geometry, these zero-energy bound states are...
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Determining the scattering potential landscape for two-dimensional superlattices provides key insight into fundamental quantum electron phenomena. Theoretical and semiempirical methods have been extensively used to simulate confinement effects of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) on superlattices with a single scatterer in the form of vicinal surfaces and dislocation networks or isolated structures such as quantum corrals and vacancy islands. However, the complexity of the problem increases...
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Current generations of 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors are still challenged by the high number of defects at the SiO2/SiC interface that limit both the performance and gate reliability of these devices. One potential source of the high density of interface defect states (D-it) is the stepped morphology on commonly used off-axially grown epitaxial surfaces, favoring incomplete oxidation and the formation of defective transition layers. Here we report measurements on intentionally...
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Diffusion, nucleation and growth provide the fundamental access to control nanostructure growth. In this study, the temperature activated diffusion of Xe at and between different compartments of an on-surface metal organic coordination network on Cu(111) has been visualized in real space. Xe atoms adsorbed at lower energy sites become mobile with increased temperature and gradually populate energetically more favourable binding sites or remain in a delocalized 'fluid' form confined to diffusion along...
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Exacerbations of COPD are defined by acute worsening of respiratory symptoms leading to a change in therapy. Identifying altered metabolic processes in patients at risk for future exacerbations is desirable for treatment optimization, the development of new therapeutic strategies, and perhaps diagnostic value. We aimed to identify affected pathways using the profiles of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath from patients with COPD with and without frequent exacerbations (≥ 2 exacerbations...
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Despite the attractiveness of breath analysis as a non-invasive means to retrieve relevant metabolic information, its introduction into routine clinical practice remains a challenge. Among all the different analytical techniques available to interrogate exhaled breath, secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) offers a number of advantages (e.g., real-time, yet wide, metabolome coverage) that makes it ideal for untargeted and targeted studies. However, so far,...
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Diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is complex and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Recent findings indicate elevated levels of proline and other amino acids in lung tissue of IPF patients which may also be of diagnostic value. Following these findings, we hypothesized that such altered metabolic profiles would be mirrored in exhaled breath and could therefore be captured non-invasively in real time.; We aimed to validate these results using real-time exhaled breath analysis by...
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Vegans are at an increased risk for certain micronutrient deficiencies, foremost of vitamin B; 12; . Little is known about the short-term effects of dietary change to plant-based nutrition on vitamin B; 12; metabolism. Systemic biomarkers of vitamin B; 12; status, namely, serum vitamin B; 12; and holotranscobalamin, may respond quickly to a reduced intake of vitamin B; 12; . To test this hypothesis, 53 healthy omnivore subjects were randomized to a controlled unsupplemented vegan diet (VD,; n; =...
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The improvement of wound healing has always been an important issue for both ethnopharmacological and modern medical research. In this study, we used state-of-the-art methods to investigate extracts of plants used traditionally in Nepal for more than 1000 years to treat inflammatory injuries.; We focused on the potential of the plant extracts to ameliorate wound healing and to influence immune modulatory properties.; Nine Nepalese plant extracts in three different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate,...
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