Hepatic encephalopathy secondary to hyperammonaemia is a known complication of chronic liver disease. In contrast, non-cirrhotic hyperammonaemia is a lesser-known entity that should be considered in a patient with acute encephalopathy as part of the diagnostic workup as prompt identification can help to avoid complications such as seizures and cerebral oedema. We present a case of a middle-aged woman who presented electively for a total pancreatectomy–duodenectomy with splenectomy, hepatico-jejunostomy,...
2h
A 3-year-old boy had an unwitnessed fall from a highchair. The child had no loss of consciousness, vomiting, stridor or respiratory distress but within a few minutes had significant swelling in the neck, scalp and around the eyes. He was brought immediately to the emergency room where he deteriorated rapidly and was intubated with a cuffed oral endotracheal tube. A clinical diagnosis of blunt laryngeal trauma was made. Imaging showed no laryngeal disruption, but did reveal massive bilateral pneumothoraces,...
2h
Coexistent choroidal neovascular membrane and macular hole with serous retinal detachment in pathological myopia is a rare entity and may be quite challenging to manage. We present such a case managed with bevacizumab injection and vitrectomy. Although the retina was attached at the final follow-up, the visual outcome was poor, due to non-closure of hole.
2h
Abstract Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of vasculopathy associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry is a rapid and non‐invasive technique to assess peripheral microvascular endothelial function by measuring changes in digital pulse volume during reactive hyperemia. Low scores of the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) imply an impaired vasodilatory response and, accordingly, impaired endothelial and vascular health. To investigate the clinical significance...
2h
A blood test developed and checked using blood samples from 4000 people can accurately detect more than 50 cancer types
3h
Pluto’s ancient oceans may have come about just after the icy world was born, melting from ice in a process that suggests the dwarf planet took just 30,000 years to form
3h
The latest coronavirus news updated every day including coronavirus cases, the latest news, features and interviews from New Scientist and essential information about the covid-19 pandemic
10h
Lab-grown ‘meat’ often uses gelatin produced in slaughterhouses to give artificial beef a meat-like texture – but substituting soya protein can achieve that without killing animals
12h
The more we look at Mars, the more signs of ancient water we find. Now a study suggests that the Red Planet could have been home to hot springs
12h
Four women already using a brain implant for their epilepsy have been able to turn their thoughts into words with the help of a mind-reading artificial intelligence
12h
The new coronavirus is upending our lives, but simple actions can slow its spread, help our neighbours, foster a sense of togetherness and rejuvenate our immune systems
19h
In an exclusive interview, climate activist Greta Thunberg has told New Scientist that the coronavirus pandemic shows we can act quickly in an emergency
22h
Abstract Despite the potential of teledermatology to increase access to dermatology services and improve patient care, it is not widely practised in Australia. In an effort to increase uptake of teledermatology, Australian‐specific practice guidelines for teledermatology are being developed by the Australasian College of Dermatologist. This paper reports finding from literature reviews that were undertaken to inform the development of these guidelines. Results cover the following sections: Modalities...
5h
The developing nervous system is remarkably sensitive to environmental signals, including disruptive toxins, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDEs are an environmentally pervasive class of brominated flame retardants whose neurodevelopmental toxicity mechanisms remain largely unclear. Using dissociated cortical neurons from embryonic Rattus norvegicus, we found here that chronic exposure to 6-OH-BDE-47, one of the most prevalent hydroxylated PBDE metabolites, suppresses both spontaneous...
5h
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer arises from cross-resistance to structurally and functionally divergent chemotherapeutic drugs. In particular, MDR is characterized by increased expression and activity of ABC superfamily transporters. Sphingolipids are substrates of ABC proteins, for example, in cell signaling, membrane biosynthesis, and inflammation, and their products can favor cancer progression. Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) is a ubiquitous glycosphingolipid (GSL) generated by glucosylceramide...
5h
The transfer of a phosphate from ATP to a protein substrate, a modification known as protein phosphorylation, is catalyzed by protein kinases. Protein kinases play a crucial role in virtually every cellular activity. Recent studies of atypical protein kinases have highlighted the structural similarity of the kinase superfamily despite notable differences in primary amino acid sequence. Here, using a bioinformatics screen, we searched for putative protein kinases in the intracellular bacterial pathogen...
5h
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important modulators of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), essential for maintaining energy homeostasis. Here, we investigated the role of Gβ5-R7, a protein complex consisting of the atypical G protein β subunit Gβ5 and a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) of the R7 family. Using the mouse insulinoma MIN6 cell line and pancreatic islets, we investigated the effects of G protein subunit β 5 (Gnb5) knockout on insulin secretion. Consistent with...
5h
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Recent reports indicate that, in the presence of crowding agents, tau can undergo liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), forming highly dynamic liquid droplets. Here, using recombinantly expressed proteins, turbidimetry, fluorescence microscopy imaging, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assays, we show that the divalent transition metal zinc strongly promotes this...
5h
The cell surfaces of many bacteria carry filamentous polypeptides termed adhesins that enable binding to both biotic and abiotic surfaces. Surface adherence is facilitated by the exquisite selectivity of the adhesins for their cognate ligands or receptors and is a key step in niche or host colonization and pathogenicity. Streptococcus gordonii is a primary colonizer of the human oral cavity and an opportunistic pathogen as well as a leading cause of infective endocarditis in humans. The fibrillar...
5h
The efficacy and safety of lapatinib plus capecitabine (LC or LX) versus trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER-positive metastatic breast cancer who are resistant to trastuzumab is unknown.
5h
In high-income countries (HICs), increased rates of survival among pediatric cancer patients are achieved through the use of protocol-driven treatment. Compared to HICs, differences in infrastructure, supporti...
5h
Traumatic injuries to the torso account for almost a quarter of all injuries seen in combat and are typically secondary to blast or gunshot wounds. Injuries due to road traffic collisions or violence are also relatively common during humanitarian and disaster relief efforts. There may also be multiple injured patients in these settings, and surgical care may be limited by a lack of facilities and resources in such a non-permissive environment. The first responder in these scenarios should be prepared...
5h
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 31 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0816-8Dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients: 15-year results of the Phase 3 Mammella InterGruppo (MIG)-1 study
5h
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 31 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0823-9Cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and translational potential
5h
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 31 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0819-5Comment on: “Exploring the best treatment options for BRAF-mutant metastatic colon cancer”
5h
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 31 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0784-zSurvival and disease characteristics of de novo versus recurrent metastatic breast cancer in a cohort of young patients
5h
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8h
The climate emergency that is a key part of the Anthropocene poses substantial risks (and opportunities) for every sector of society, including health systems and professionals. There are three...
5h
In June 2019 the UK legally committed to cut emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to net zero by 2050.1 To reach this target the Committee on Climate Change says that a rapid...
5h
It is about 30 years since warnings first appeared in prominent journals about the potential for large and wide ranging effects on human health from climate and other global environmental changes.123...
5h
Anthony McMichael first established the link between climate change and human health in the 1990s.1 In a distinguished career that established him as a leading authority on the health impacts of...
5h
The climate emergency that is a key part of the Anthropocene poses substantial risks (and opportunities) for every sector of society, including health systems and professionals. There are three...
7h
In June 2019 the UK legally committed to cut emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to net zero by 2050.1 To reach this target the Committee on Climate Change says that a rapid...
7h
It is about 30 years since warnings first appeared in prominent journals about the potential for large and wide ranging effects on human health from climate and other global environmental changes.123...
7h
Anthony McMichael first established the link between climate change and human health in the 1990s.1 In a distinguished career that established him as a leading authority on the health impacts of...
7h
A stroke survivor who repeatedly told carers that he wanted to die should not have his artificial feeding withdrawn, a High Court judge has ruled.1In one of the first High Court cases to be heard by...
12h
President Donald Trump has extended physical distancing guidelines for the US to 30 April, reversing his earlier call for them to end on 30 March and for the nation to “get back to business” by...
12h
While London’s hospitals are already nearing capacity, many other areas are still in the “phoney war” stage of this pandemic. Never has so much work been done, so quickly, in so many hospitals. New...
12h
Mercedes F1 will produce continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines for the NHS to use on covid-19 patients with serious lung infections, as a less invasive alternative to ventilators.In...
12h
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges recognises that the past decade has been difficult for healthcare with “insufficient resources, increased demand, and damage by the wrong drivers.” It suggests...
12h
“We’ve heard that deliveries of personal protective equipment (PPE) are being rolled out to hospitals and GP practices, but currently we know that many doctors on the front line still don’t have...
12h
A stroke survivor who repeatedly told carers that he wanted to die should not have his artificial feeding withdrawn, a High Court judge has ruled.1In one of the first High Court cases to be heard by...
13h
President Donald Trump has extended physical distancing guidelines for the US to 30 April, reversing his earlier call for them to end on 30 March and for the nation to “get back to business” by...
14h
While London’s hospitals are already nearing capacity, many other areas are still in the “phoney war” stage of this pandemic. Never has so much work been done, so quickly, in so many hospitals. New...
15h
Mercedes F1 will produce continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines for the NHS to use on covid-19 patients with serious lung infections, as a less invasive alternative to ventilators.In...
15h
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges recognises that the past decade has been difficult for healthcare with “insufficient resources, increased demand, and damage by the wrong drivers.” It suggests...
15h
“We’ve heard that deliveries of personal protective equipment (PPE) are being rolled out to hospitals and GP practices, but currently we know that many doctors on the front line still don’t have...
15h
At practice level, primary care has altered dramatically in the past few weeks, with staff—clinical and administrative—adapting to new ways of working.At some practices, entrance doors are locked...
16h
On 24 February, there were nine confirmed cases of covid-19 in the UK. On the same day, the World Health Organization recommended countries outside China with imported cases or outbreaks “prioritize...
16h
Not the lark?Ha, very clever, but this is no time to quote Shakespeare.So, the nurse then?No, we’re not talking about the Lady with the Lamp either. We’re talking about hospitals that are opening for...
17h
“You’re not alone”Max Denning, core surgical trainee, says, “You know more than you realise. As we face the realities of covid-19, extraordinary measures are needed to meet the demand on our health...
19h
“You’re not alone”Max Denning, core surgical trainee, says, “You know more than you realise. As we face the realities of covid-19, extraordinary measures are needed to meet the demand on our health...
21h
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