by So Ri Jung, Thomas M. Ashhurst, Phillip K. West, Barney Viengkhou, Nicholas J. C. King, Iain L. Campbell, Markus J. Hofer Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 is critical for cellular responses to type I interferons (IFN-Is), with the capacity to determine the outcome of viral infection. We previously showed that while wildtype (WT) mice develop mild disease and survive infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), LCMV infection of STAT1-deficient mice...
11h
by Nina F. Gnädig, Barbara H. Stokes, Rachel L. Edwards, Gavreel F. Kalantarov, Kim C. Heimsch, Michal Kuderjavy, Audrey Crane, Marcus C. S. Lee, Judith Straimer, Katja Becker, Ilya N. Trakht, Audrey R. Odom John, Sachel Mok, David A. Fidock The emergence of artemisinin (ART) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum intra-erythrocytic parasites has led to increasing treatment failure rates with first-line ART-based combination therapies in Southeast Asia. Decreased parasite susceptibility is caused...
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by Lixia Hui, Yiwen Nie, Shihua Li, Moujian Guo, Wei Yang, Rui Huang, Junsen Chen, Yingxia Liu, Xuancheng Lu, Zhen Chen, Qingyu Yang, Ying Wu Zika virus (ZIKV) is a unique flavivirus with high tropism to the testes. ZIKV can persist in human semen for months and can cause testicular damage in male mice. However, the mechanisms through which ZIKV enters the testes remain unclear. In this study, we revealed that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was upregulated by ZIKV infection in cell culture...
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Loss of tetherin antagonism by Nef impairs SIV replication during acute infection of rhesus macaques
by Aidin Tavakoli-Tameh, Sanath Kumar Janaka, Katie Zarbock, Shelby O’Connor, Kristin Crosno, Saverio Capuano 3rd, Hajime Uno, Jeffrey D. Lifson, David T. Evans Most simian immunodeficiency viruses use Nef to counteract the tetherin proteins of their nonhuman primate hosts. Nef also downmodulates cell-surface CD4 and MHC class I (MHC I) molecules and enhances viral infectivity by counteracting SERINC5. We previously demonstrated that tetherin antagonism by SIV Nef is genetically separable from...
3d
by Jeremie Bazin, Kiruthiga Mariappan, Yunhe Jiang, Thomas Blein, Ronny Voelz, Martin Crespi, Heribert Hirt Alternative splicing (AS) of pre-mRNAs in plants is an important mechanism of gene regulation in environmental stress tolerance but plant signals involved are essentially unknown. Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases and the majority of PTI defense genes are regulated by MPK3, MPK4 and MPK6. These responses...
3d
by Sheng Wang, Xue-Ming Wu, Chuan-Hui Liu, Jing-Yun Shan, Feng Gao, Hui-Shan Guo Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is one of the earliest responses when plants percept pathogens and acts as antimicrobials to block pathogen entry. However, whether and how pathogens tolerate ROS stress remains elusive. Here, we report the chromatin remodeling in Verticillium dahliae, a soil-borne pathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilts of a wide range of plants, facilitates the DNA damage repair in...
4d
by Theofano Panayiotou, Stella Michael, Apostolos Zaravinos, Ece Demirag, Charis Achilleos, Katerina Strati Octamer binding transcription factor-4 (Oct4), is highly expressed in stem cells and has indispensable roles in pluripotency and cellular reprogramming. In contrast to other factors used for cellular reprogramming, a role for Oct4 outside embryonic stem cells has been elusive and highly controversial. Emerging evidence implicates Oct4 in the carcinogenic process, but the mechanism through...
4d
The TIR-domain containing effectors BtpA and BtpB from <i>Brucella abortus</i> impact NAD metabolism
by Julia María Coronas-Serna, Arthur Louche, María Rodríguez-Escudero, Morgane Roussin, Paul R. C. Imbert, Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero, Laurent Terradot, María Molina, Jean-Pierre Gorvel, Víctor J. Cid, Suzana P. Salcedo Brucella species are facultative intracellular Gram-negative bacteria relevant to animal and human health. Their ability to establish an intracellular niche and subvert host cell pathways to their advantage depends on the delivery of bacterial effector proteins through a type...
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by Maaran Michael Rajah, Blandine Monel, Olivier Schwartz
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by Kevin Ciminski, Florian Pfaff, Martin Beer, Martin Schwemmle
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Publication date: Available online 20 April 2020Source: European Journal of CancerAuthor(s): Severin Rodler, Maria Apfelbeck, Christian Stief, Volker Heinemann, Jozefina Casuscelli
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Publication date: Available online 18 April 2020Source: European Journal of CancerAuthor(s): Eduard Vrdoljak, Richard Sullivan, Mark Lawler
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Publication date: May 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 131Author(s): Gillian Thomas, Elizabeth Eisenhauer, Robert G. Bristow, Cai Grau, Coen Hurkmans, Piet Ost, Matthias Guckenberger, Eric Deutsch, Denis Lacombe, Damien C. Weber, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)
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Publication date: May 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 131Author(s): Martin D. Berger, Yan Ning, Sebastian Stintzing, Volker Heinemann, Shu Cao, Wu Zhang, Dongyun Yang, Yuji Miyamoto, Mitsukuni Suenaga, Marta Schirripa, Diana L. Hanna, Shivani Soni, Alberto Puccini, Ryuma Tokunaga, Madiha Naseem, Francesca Battaglin, Chiara Cremolini, Alfredo Falcone, Fotios Loupakis, Heinz-Josef Lenz
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Publication date: May 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 131Author(s): Mallika Lala, Tommy Ruosi Li, Dinesh P. de Alwis, Vikram Sinha, Kapil Mayawala, Noboru Yamamoto, Lillian L. Siu, Elliot Chartash, Hesham Aboshady, Lokesh Jain
4d
To report on prevalence of gout flare in emergency departments and to report the quality of gout care in emergency departments and causes of admission at emergency departments.
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When resuscitating patients with hemorrhagic shock following trauma, fluid volume restriction and permissive hypotension prior to bleeding control are emphasized along with the good outcome especially for pene...
3d
The definition of sepsis is regularly updated; however, there is no standard diagnostic test. To improve diagnosis and prognostic prediction, the aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of circ...
4d
During COVID-19 times, many of us are ‘stuck’ inside of our homes, confronted with the same visuals each day. Perhaps this is an ideal time for a creative challenge that can help us get more insight in photography and aesthetics. Anyone who is 18 years or older can participate. These are the instructions: Send me an ‘ugly’ and a ‘beautiful’ photograph. The only requirement is that you take them while you are inside of your lockdown home. You are free to make whatever type of photograph with...
11h
by Yizhen Zhong, Tanima De, Cristina Alarcon, C. Sehwan Park, Bianca Lec, Minoli A. Perera African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately affected by metabolic diseases and adverse drug events, with limited publicly available genomic and transcriptomic data to advance the knowledge of the molecular underpinnings or genetic associations to these diseases or drug response phenotypes. To fill this gap, we obtained 60 primary hepatocyte cultures from AA liver donors for genome-wide mapping of expression...
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by Chris Wallace Horizontal integration of summary statistics from different GWAS traits can be used to evaluate evidence for their shared genetic causality. One popular method to do this is a Bayesian method, coloc, which is attractive in requiring only GWAS summary statistics and no linkage disequilibrium estimates and is now being used routinely to perform thousands of comparisons between traits. Here we show that while most users do not adjust default software values, misspecification of...
11h
by Bhuvana A. Setty, Goodwin G. Jinesh, Michael Arnold, Fredrik Pettersson, Chia-Ho Cheng, Ling Cen, Sean J. Yoder, Jamie K. Teer, Elsa R. Flores, Damon R. Reed, Andrew S. Brohl Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy. Though the molecular underpinnings of this cancer have been largely unexplored, recurrent chromosomal breakpoints affecting a noncoding region on chr19q13, which includes the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster (C19MC), have been reported...
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by Naomi C. Penfold, Jessica K. Polka Preprints are gaining visibility in many fields. Thanks to the exponential growth in submissions to bioRxiv, an online server for preprints in biology, versions of manuscripts prior to the completion of journal-organized peer review are poised to become a standard component of the publishing experience in the life sciences. Here, we provide an overview of current challenges facing preprints, both technical and social, and a vision for their future development.
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by Jia-Chi Ku, Arnaud Ronceret, Inna Golubovskaya, Ding Hua Lee, Chiting Wang, Ljudmilla Timofejeva, Yu-Hsin Kao, Ana Karen Gomez Angoa, Karl Kremling, Rosalind Williams-Carrier, Robert Meeley, Alice Barkan, W. Zacheus Cande, Chung-Ju Rachel Wang Meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs) are generated by the evolutionarily conserved SPO11 complex in the context of chromatin loops that are organized along axial elements (AEs) of chromosomes. However, how DSBs are formed with respect to chromosome axes...
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by Lulu Shang, Jennifer A. Smith, Xiang Zhou Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs associated with various common diseases. Understanding the biological functions of these identified SNP associations requires identifying disease/trait relevant tissues or cell types. Here, we develop a network method, CoCoNet, to facilitate the identification of trait-relevant tissues or cell types. Different from existing approaches, CoCoNet incorporates tissue-specific gene co-expression...
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by Mirna Marinić, Vincent J. Lynch The steroid hormone progesterone, acting through the progesterone receptor (PR), a ligand-activated DNA-binding transcription factor, plays an essential role in regulating nearly every aspect of female reproductive biology. While many reproductive traits regulated by PR are conserved in mammals, Catarrhine primates evolved several derived traits including spontaneous decidualization, menstruation, and a divergent (and unknown) parturition signal, suggesting...
3d
by Arne Jacobs, Madeleine Carruthers, Andrey Yurchenko, Natalia V. Gordeeva, Sergey S. Alekseyev, Oliver Hooker, Jong S. Leong, David R. Minkley, Eric B. Rondeau, Ben F. Koop, Colin E. Adams, Kathryn R. Elmer Understanding the extent to which ecological divergence is repeatable is essential for predicting responses of biodiversity to environmental change. Here we test the predictability of evolution, from genotype to phenotype, by studying parallel evolution in a salmonid fish, Arctic charr...
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by Marica Catinozzi, Moushami Mallik, Marie Frickenhaus, Marije Been, Céline Sijlmans, Divita Kulshrestha, Ioannis Alexopoulos, Manuela Weitkunat, Frank Schnorrer, Erik Storkebaum The number of adult myofibers in Drosophila is determined by the number of founder myoblasts selected from a myoblast pool, a process governed by fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. Here, we show that loss of cabeza (caz) function results in a reduced number of adult founder myoblasts, leading to a reduced number...
3d
by Arthur Abello, Vinciane Régnier, Olivier Arnaiz, Romain Le Bars, Mireille Bétermier, Julien Bischerour Gene duplication and diversification drive the emergence of novel functions during evolution. Because of whole genome duplications, ciliates from the Paramecium aurelia group constitute a remarkable system to study the evolutionary fate of duplicated genes. Paramecium species harbor two types of nuclei: a germline micronucleus (MIC) and a somatic macronucleus (MAC) that forms from the MIC...
4d
by Max J. van Essen, Samuel Nayler, Esther B. E. Becker, John Jacob The cerebellum is a pivotal centre for the integration and processing of motor and sensory information. Its extended development into the postnatal period makes this structure vulnerable to a variety of pathologies, including neoplasia. These properties have prompted intensive investigations that reveal not only developmental mechanisms in common with other regions of the neuraxis but also unique strategies to generate neuronal...
4d
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2020Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Mariano Smoler, Giovanna Coceano, Ilaria Testa, Luciana Bruno, Valeria Levi
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Publication date: Available online 15 April 2020Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Srijan Acharya, Dooti Kundu, Hyun Jin Choi, Kyeong-Man Kim
4d
Abstract Purpose Following promising responses to the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-fluoro-2′-deoxycytidine (FdCyd) combined with tetrahydrouridine (THU) in phase 1 testing, we initiated a non-randomized phase 2 study to assess response to this combination in patients with advanced solid tumor types for which tumor suppressor gene methylation is potentially prognostic. To obtain pharmacodynamic evidence for DNMT inhibition by...
11h
Abstract Purpose This study investigated the influence of PD-L1 genetic variation on the prognosis of R0 resection colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy in real world. Methods A total of 315 CRC patients underwent R0 surgical resection and received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy were included. Clinical...
15h
Abstract Purpose Pexidartinib (PLX3397) is a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor under clinical evaluation for potential CNS tumor treatment. This study aims to evaluate plasma pharmacokinetic parameters and estimate CNS penetrance of pexidartinib in a non-human primate (NHP) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reservoir model. Methods Five male...
2d
Abstract Background Nasal dorsal augmentation is one of the most commonly performed rhinoplasty procedures in Asia. We describe our experience with multilayered costal cartilage grafting (MCG) for dorsal augmentation in Asian patients. We aimed to evaluate the aesthetic outcomes and complications of MCG in comparison with those of one-block concentric carving costal cartilage graft (OCG) using objective and subjective assessment criteria....
11h
Abstract The applicability of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for breast reconstruction is a consolidated reality, as skin and nipple sparing techniques became standard mastectomy approaches. ADM is a soft connective tissue graft generated via a decellularization process that preserves intact the extracellular skin matrix. ADM not only provides tissue reinforcement, but also better pocket control, and shape without the compressive effects of total sub-muscular coverage. Our preference...
4d
Abstract Background Skin grafts, frequently used for ear elevation in ear reconstructions, may suffer from color mismatches, scar hypertrophy, secondary contraction, and auricular sulcus depth differences. To determine the most suitable donor area, we compared the contralateral postauricular area, groin, and scalp as potential donor sites. Methods Since 2008,...
4d
Abstract Health-related quality of life was a secondary endpoint in the phase III GALLIUM study in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma who were treated with rituximab- or obinutuzumab-chemotherapy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive induction therapy with obinutuzumab- or rituximab-chemotherapy and maintenance in responders. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-Lymphoma questionnaire, incorporating...
11h
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