Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis resulting from tumor resistance to anticancer therapy and a high recurrence rate. Compelling evidence suggests that this is driven by subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with tumor-initiating potential. ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) has been identified as a molecular marker for distinct subsets of chemoresistant tumor–initiating cell populations in diverse human malignancies. In the current study,...
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b10033
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01860
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01676
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The objective of this study was to present a novel surgical technique involving the use of a “bipedicled vocal fold mucosal flap” to repair a mucosal defect and to evaluate the outcomes of patients in whom it was used.
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Synthetic vocal fold (VF) models used for studying the physics of voice production are comprised of silicone and fabricated using traditional casting processes. The purpose of this study was to develop and demonstrate a new method of creating synthetic VF models through 3D printing in order to reduce model fabrication time, increase yield, and lay the foundation for future models with more life-like geometric, material, and vibratory properties.
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Animal models have significantly contributed to understanding the pathophysiology of chronic subjective tinnitus. They are useful because they control etiology, which in humans is heterogeneous; employ random group assignment; and often use methods not permissible in human studies. Animal models can be broadly categorized as either operant or reflexive, based on methodology. Operant methods use variants of established psychophysical procedures to reveal what an animal hears. Reflexive methods do...
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Humans have long appreciated the importance of good sleep. Literature and artwork are replete with allusions to sleep, representing rest, dreams, communication with the deity, and death. Poor sleep and sleep apnea are described from ancient times onward.
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Abstract The human brain has evolved to acquire novel information rapidly while serving the need to store long‐term memories in a stable and lasting form. Presenting interfering information directly after learning can lead to forgetting of the original material. It has been suggested that sleep aids the stabilization of new memories and protects them from interference. Here, we aim to replicate in two separate experiments the claim that sleep protects memories from retroactive interference...
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Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea is a chronic breathing disorder where the recursive collapse of the upper airway causes cessation of airflow during sleep. Quantitative assessments of dynamic tongue motion may provide a better understanding of the mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea. Tongue area changes, in submental ultrasound images recorded during wakefulness from normal breathing by the Müller manoeuvre, were tracked using the modified optical flow‐based method. The results demonstrated that...
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Abstract Available sleep deprivation studies lack data on simultaneous changes in hypothalamic, cortical and body temperature during sleep deprivation and recovery. Ten adult male Wistar rats chronically implanted with electroencephalogram, electro‐oculogram and electromyogram electrodes for recording sleep were used in this study. Hypothalamic and cortical temperatures were measured by pre‐implanted thermocouples. A radio transmitter (TA10TAF‐40, DSI USA) was implanted intraperitoneally to measure...
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Abstract Mechanical properties of nickel and yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni–YSZ) anodes of solid oxide fuel cells undergo changes not only because of extrinsic conditions but also because of Ni, YSZ and pore proportions. In this study, elastic modulus and fracture behavior of Ni(NiO)–YSZ composites are investigated with changing Ni and pore volume fractions as the main parameters. NiO–YSZ composite stiffness at 800 °C monotonically increases with increasing NiO. However, the...
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Abstract Cerium-based CeMO3 (M = Co, Ni, Cu) perovskites were efficiently synthesized by electrospinning process. The structures, morphologies, elemental compositions, and valence states of CeMO3 perovskites were manifested in detail using X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopic analysis, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively....
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Abstract Cesium lead iodide with cubic perovskite structure (α-CsPbI3) is gaining significant interest in photovoltaic applications due to its excellent absorbance of the visible solar light and other attractive optoelectronic properties. However, the synthesis of stable α-CsPbI3 poses a significant challenge. Mechanochemical synthesis is emerging as a suitable method for the preparation of cesium lead halides. This work investigates the ball milling-induced synthesis of cesium...
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Abstract The increasingly serious service condition in aerospace industry has posed a higher requirement to the ablation resistance of hypersonic vehicle structural carbon fabric-reinforced phenolic composites. To further enhance the ablation resistance of the composite, different contents of TaSi2-modified carbon fabric-reinforced phenolic composites were successfully prepared. The ablation behavior and mechanism of these composite were investigated. Results showed that the...
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Abstract The research activity in progress and the advancements in concrete technology are leading to an increased use of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) in structural engineering. UHPFRC is characterized by steel fibers, cement, silica fume, fine sand, superplasticizer, and very low water–cement ratio. UHPFRC is defined as a new material, with unique properties (high ductility, low permeability, very high strength capacity in compression, higher toughness)...
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Abstract In this research, we investigate the seismic fragility of in-plane-loaded rectangular RC structural walls used as the main load-bearing elements for low- and medium-rise-reinforced concrete structures designed for the seismic conditions of Bucharest (Romania). The first step of the study involves the validation of the numerical modelling by using experimental data. Subsequently, the response of 81 structural walls subjected to in-plane loading is evaluated. Next, the...
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The latest coronavirus news updated every day including coronavirus cases, the latest news, features and interviews from New Scientist and essential information about the covid-19 pandemic
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Taking deep breaths and forcing a cough can help clear mucus, but these techniques are unlikely to prevent or treat coronavirus infections – here’s why
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The interstellar comet Borisov, which flew past Earth in December, is full of carbon monoxide ice that implies its home star is smaller and colder than our sun
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Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Ahead of Print.
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The latest coronavirus news updated every day including coronavirus cases, the latest news, features and interviews from New Scientist and essential information about the covid-19 pandemic
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Coronavirus will overshadow Earth Day's golden anniversary, but the movement's successes are worth celebrating, says Gary Paul Nabhan
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The UK government says its coronavirus strategies are based on science, but the scientific advice it has received won’t be made public until after the pandemic
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The latest coronavirus news updated every day including coronavirus cases, the latest news, features and interviews from New Scientist and essential information about the covid-19 pandemic
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Even if we find drugs that are effective against the coronavirus, that doesn't necessarily mean they will change the wider situation and help end lockdowns
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The covid-19 pandemic has led to rushed guidelines for doctors making treatment decisions, and has encouraged more people to make advance decisions on CPR and ventilation
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Many countries are hoping to use contact-tracing apps to leave lockdown and suppress further coronavirus outbreaks, but the use of such technology has many issues
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Travel restrictions and work from home guidelines related to the coronavirus crisis are likely to cut the UK’s electricity needs dramatically this summer, potentially by as much as a fifth.
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Archaeologists can learn a lot about ancient people by analysing their faeces, but only if they can be sure the remains weren’t left by a dog. Now AI can help
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An alligator carcass dropped in the deep ocean reveals the bizarre ecosystems of the seabed - including zombie worms that fed on prehistoric reptiles
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Climate change caused by humans turned an otherwise moderate drought in south-western North America into one of the driest periods in more than 1000 years
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An image-editing program designed by researchers at Abode uses AI to let you quickly transform the shape of objects in images and change the lighting
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More men die of covid-19 than women. Reasons for this may include differences in smoking, general health, immune defences, hormones and even hygiene
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The latest coronavirus news updated every day including coronavirus cases, the latest news, features and interviews from New Scientist and essential information about the covid-19 pandemic
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Male ring-tailed lemurs rub their wrists to release a sweet, fruity smell that may be the first evidence of sex pheromones identified in primates
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There's been a surge in people wanting to grow fruit and vegetables, but the path to self-sufficiency isn't as easy as some may have you think, writes James Wong
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Arrokoth, a strange two-lobed space rock, was hit by another rock at some point – the collision may have snapped Arrokoth’s narrow neck before it reformed again
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Most molecules exist in mirror-image forms, and yet life prefers one over the other. How this bias began and why it persisted is one of the most baffling questions in biology – but now we have an answer
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The first living organisms had to make essential carbon-based chemicals, and they may have done it by harnessing the chemical power of metals like nickel
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A star that swoops close to the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole has a strange, looping orbit that proves Einstein was right about the gravity of black holes
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A high-speed 3D printer is being tested by the US Army for producing spare steel parts near the front lines – it could also make weapons or aircraft parts
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