Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) continue to emerge and re-emerge in several regions of the world, highlighting the need for novel and effective control strategies. The development of effective strategies requires a better understanding of TBDs ecology, and given the complexity of these systems, interdisciplinary approaches are required. In recent years, the microbiome of vectors has received much attention, mainly because associations between native microbes and pathogens may provide a new promising path...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Background Many studies have revealed the positive impact of mindfulness training on mental health and proposed equanimity as a general outcome in contemplative research. Despite recent interest, relatively few studies have empirically examined equanimity and measurement instruments are still lacking. The main goal of this study was to develop an Equanimity Scale (the EQUA-S) in a Western population with or without meditation experience, based on previous definitions of equanimity, in order to...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Background Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) have an improved prognosis if achieved a pathological complete response (pCR) on account of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT). However, the proportion of patients achieving pCR is only 8–24%. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the addition of consolidation chemotherapy to nCRT could improve pCR rate in patients with LARC. Materials and Methods The subjects were 144 individuals with clinical stage II (T3–4,...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Invasive plant species tend to migrate from their native habitats under favourable climatic conditions; therefore, trophic and other relationships in ecosystems are changing. To investigate the effect of natural organic matter derived from native Alnus glutinosa tree species and from invasive in Lithuania Acer negundo tree species on copper toxicity in Lemna minor, we analysed the dynamics of Cu binding in aqueous leaf litter extracts (LLE) and plant accumulation, morphophysiological parameters,...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Although much progress has been made to improve treatment, colon cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming is a significant ability of cancer cells to ensure the necessary energy supply in uncontrolled proliferation. Since reprogramming energy metabolism has emerged as a new hallmark of cancer cells, accumulating evidences have suggested that metabolism-related genes may serve as key regulators of tumorigenesis and potential biomarkers. In this study, we analyzed...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Background Extracellular production of fungal lipases especially the lipases obtained from the Aspergilli has gained immense interest in recent years due to its diverse biotechnological applications. In this study, we focused on determining the fermentation parameters required for the optimal lipase production. Methods A total of 256 fungal isolates were obtained from oil seeds. From each genus, one isolate was selected...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Faba bean (Vicia faba, FB) is known to improve the texture of fish meat but retards growth possibly by inducing hemolysis, hepatopancreas damage, and metabolic disorder. In this study, we used ultrasonic processing to isolate four FB extracts (water extract, alcohol extract, proteins and residues) and examined their beneficial and detrimental effects. These extracts were separately mixed with commercial feed and fed to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) using whole FB and commercial feed as controls....
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a global health concern. The morbidity and mortality of the potentially lethal infection caused by this virus arise from the initial viral infection and the subsequent host inflammatory response. The latter may lead to excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8, as well as TNF-α ultimately culminating in hypercytokinemia (“cytokine storm”). To address this immuno-inflammatory pathogenesis, multiple clinical trials have been proposed...
Tue Jul 07, 2020 03:00
Abstract Background Knowledge about the magnitude of Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) impairment across dental patient populations is essential for clinical practice, public health, and research. Within the project Mapping Oral Disease Impact with a Common Metric, this systematic review aimed to describe functional, pain‐related, aesthetic, and broader psychosocial impact of oral conditions with a single metric using OHRQoL dimensions Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 15:59
Abstract AMPA‐type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are key molecules of neuronal communication in our brain. The discovery of AMPAR auxiliary subunits, such as proteins of the TARP, CKAMP, and CNIH families, fundamentally changed our understanding of how AMPAR function is regulated. Auxiliary subunits control almost all aspects of AMPAR function in the brain. They influence AMPAR assembly, composition, structure, trafficking, subcellular localization and gating. This influence has important implications...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 15:36
Abstract The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is known to play a role in the control of impulsivity of action and in impulsivity of choice under certain conditions. In order to assess its influence on decision‐making under uncertainty, we have tested here the effects of bilateral STN lesions in rats performing a probability discounting task (PDT) and a “loss‐chasing” task, both tasks assessing risky decision under uncertainty, but one in a positive context (probability to obtain a larger reward), the other...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 22:30
ABSTRACT We present two independent cases of syndromic thrombocytopenia with multiple malformations, microcephaly, learning difficulties, dysmorphism and other features. Exome sequencing identified two novel de novo heterozygous variants in these patients, c.35G>T p.(Gly12Val) and c.178G>C p.(Gly60Arg), in the RAP1B gene (NM_001010942.2). These variants have not been described previously as germline variants, however functional studies in literature strongly suggest a clinical...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 22:29
ABSTRACT Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has now replaced karyotyping in the analysis of prenatal cases with a fetal structural anomaly, whereas in those pregnancies undergoing invasive prenatal diagnosis with a normal fetal ultrasound, conventional karyotyping is still performed. The aims of this study were to establish the diagnostic yield of CMA in prenatal diagnosis, and to provide new data that might contribute to reconsider current practices. We reviewed 2,905 prenatal samples...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 18:48
Abstract Background To apply novel analysis methods for processing high‐resolution pressure‐impedance motility parameters, raw data acquired by commercial motility systems are exported and analyzed externally using purposed‐designed software. Methods Data acquired by the Medical Measurement Systems (MMS) motility equipment are exported from MMS in different file formats. Key Results MMS studies that are exported to ASCII‐file format will be in cmH2O units even though acquired and...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 15:33
The straight leg raise (SLR) maneuver during high resolution manometry (HRM) increases intra‐abdominal pressure that may transmit into the intra‐esophageal cavity when the esophagogastric junction is disrupted. Analysis of intra‐esophageal pressure gradients during the maneuver may provide adjunctive evidence supporting GERD. Abstract Background Straight leg raise (SLR) is a provocative maneuver that assesses esophagogastric junction (EGJ) barrier function during high‐resolution manometry...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 15:29
Abstract The skin as a neuroendocrine organ and the role of neuroendocrine signaling in the development of disorders affecting the skin and its appendages has received increasing attention in the last years. Different neuroendocrine systems have been described in the barrier organ skin, including the thyroid system, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, the opioid, the endocannabinoid, the cholinergic, the secosteroidogenic and the serotonergic systems. All of these systems have been implicated...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 19:20
Abstract Floral organs are widely believed to enhance the pollination and reproductive success of angiosperms. However, the functional implication of some floral structures is still unknown. In this study, we explored the functional role of staminal appendages on male and female fitness of Himalayan Roscoea spp. and tested if their function differed between species with biotic pollination and autonomous selfing. Phenotypic manipulation is a powerful approach to test the functional effect of a particular...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 22:41
Abstract How genetic polymorphisms are maintained in a population is a key question in evolutionary ecology. Previous work on a plumage colour polymorphism in the common buzzard Buteo buteo suggested heterozygote advantage as the mechanism maintaining the co‐existence of three morphs (light, intermediate and dark). We took advantage of 20 years of life history data collected in a Dutch population to replicate earlier studies on the relationship between colour morph and fitness in this species....
Mon Jul 06, 2020 22:27
Abstract Behavioral research has found that trait anxiety is associated with a lower propensity for risk‐taking. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this relation are still unknown. To address this question, we employed voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) analysis and resting‐state functional connectivity (rs‐FC) to examine the influence of trait anxiety on risk‐taking. We theorized that trait anxiety may affect risk‐taking via negative prospection during episodic future thinking, which is known...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 21:55
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 7, July 2020. In prior research, intrathecal tigecycline was successfully used to treat central nervous system infection by extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. However, little is known about its safe dose and adverse reactions. This study reports the case of a 28-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with central nervous system infection by extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii after the removal of a ventriculoperitoneal...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 14:41
Bow to demands : A new mode of contortion in perylene diimides has been investigated, where the molecule is bent along its long axis like a bow. By adjusting the tension in the strings of the bow, the degree of bending can be controlled from flat to highly bowed. The important finding is that the bowing results not only in red‐shifted absorptions but also in more facile reductions. Abstract This study explores a new mode of contortion in perylene diimides where the molecule is bent, like...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 22:00
Aberrantly elevated steroid receptor co‐activator‐1 (SRC‐1) expression and activity are strongly correlated with cancer progression and metastasis. Here we report, for the first time, the development of a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) that is composed of a selective SRC‐1 binder linked to a specific ligand for UBR box, a unique class of E3 ligases recognizing N‐degrons. We showed that the bifunctional molecule efficiently and selectively induced the degradation of SRC‐1 in cells through...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 21:09
The successful launch of solid‐state batteries relies on the discovery of solid electrolytes with remarkably high ionic conductivity. Extensive efforts have identified several important superionic conductors (SICs) and broadened our understanding of their superionic conductivity. Herein, we propose a new design strategy to facilitate ionic conduction in SICs by planting immobile repulsion centers. Our ab‐initio molecular dynamics simulations on the model system Na 11 Sn 2 PS 12 demonstrate...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 21:09
A highly chemo‐ and regioselective intermolecular 1,2‐aryl‐aminoalkylation of alkenes by photoredox/nickel dual catalysis is described here. This three‐component conjunctive cross‐coupling is highlighted by its first application of primary alkyl radicals, which are not compatible in previous reports. The readily prepared α‐silyl amines could be transferred to α‐amino radicals by photo‐induced single electron transfer step. The radical addition/cross‐coupling cascade reaction proceeds under mild,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 20:46
Chemical modifiers enhance the efficiency of metal catalysts in numerous applications, but their introduction often involves toxic or expensive precursors and complicates the synthesis. Here, we show that a porous boron nitride carrier can directly modify supported palladium nanoparticles, originating unparalleled performance in the continuous semi‑hydrogenation of alkynes. Analysis of the impact of various structural parameters reveals that using a defective high surface area boron nitride and ensuring...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 20:45
Supported metal nanoparticles correspond to a very large class of heterogeneous catalysts. While detailed structure‐activity relationships would require a molecular‐level description of the interactions between the metal surfaces and ligands/substrates, this description is rarely accessible. Thus, most insights are often derived from model systems based on single crystals. With the goal to understand efficient alkyne semihydrogenation catalysts based on Cu functionalized with N‐heterocyclic carbene...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 20:45
Cyclopropanone derivatives have long been considered unsustainable synthetic intermediates due to their extreme strain and kinetic instability. Herein, we report the enantioselective synthesis of 1‐sulfonylcyclopropanols as stable yet powerful equivalents of the corresponding cyclopropanone derivatives, via α‐hydroxylation of sulfonylcyclopropanes using a bis(silyl) peroxide as electrophilic oxygen source. This work constitutes the first general approach to enantioenriched cyclopropanone derivatives....
Mon Jul 06, 2020 19:38
The combination of biocatalysis and chemo‐catalysis increasingly offers chemists access to more diverse chemical architectures. Here, we describe the combination of a toolbox of chiral amine producing biocatalysts with a Buchwald‐Hartwig cross‐coupling reaction, affording a variety of a‐chiral aniline derivatives. The use of a surfactant allowed reactions to be performed sequentially in the same flask, preventing the palladium catalyst being inhibited by the high concentrations of ammonia, salts...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 19:08
An efficient palladium‐catalyzed chlorocarbonylation of aryl ( pseudo )halides to access a wide range of carboxylic acid derivatives has been developed. The use of butyryl chloride as a combined CO and Cl source eludes the need for toxic, gaseous carbon monoxide, thus facilitating the synthesis of high‐value products from readily available aryl ( pseudo )halides. The combination of palladium(0), Xantphos, and an amine base is essential to promote this broadly applicable catalytic reaction. Overall,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 17:44
Black TiO 2 has attracted great scientific attention owing to its outstanding photoelectronic properties. However, the introduction of tunable defects into TiO 2 mesostructures still remain quite infertile, mainly ascribed to the difficulties in rationally incorporating Ti 3+ defects. Herein, by introducing a compatible reducing agent (2‐ethylimidazole) into mono‐micelle assembly process, we present a type of ordered mesoporous TiO 2 microspheres which combines radially aligned mesostructure...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 17:40
Cage PAINTings : Fluorescent DNA probes conjugated with a cyanine dye are reductively caged to hydrocyanine, acting as a photoactivatable dark state. The additional dark state from caging lowered the fluorescent background while enabling optically selective activation by total internal reflection illumination. With the aid of high‐density analysis, the imaging speed of conventional DNA‐PAINT was increased by two orders of magnitude, making DNA‐PAINT capable of high‐throughput super‐resolution imaging....
Mon Jul 06, 2020 16:55
Abstract Background While the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ACO have been frequently compared with those of COPD or asthma, the prevalence and features of ACO in patients with severe asthma are unclear. Objectives Evaluation of the prevalence and clinical features of ACO using the Korean severe asthma registry Methods At the time of registration, ACO was determined in patients with severe asthma by attending specialists. Patients were classified into ACO and non‐ACO groups,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 18:30
Abstract BRAFV600E mutation accounts for up to 90 % of all BRAF mutations in human colorectal cancer (CRC), and constitutively activates the MEK‐MAPK pathway. It is recognized that neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for epidermal growth factor receptor alone are not effective for CRC with BRAFV600E mutation. Therefore, there are increasing interests in identification of the possible therapeutic targets in downstream of BRAF mutation in CRCs. To address this, we studied genome engineered...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 12:32
Abstract Introduction The alar fascia remains one of the most variably described fascial structure in the human body. Much disagreement persists in the literature and mainstream anatomical texts about its anatomy, function, and clinical significance. It is generally described as a coronally‐oriented fascial sheet separating the retropharyngeal space anteriorly from the danger space posteriorly. The current study aimed to confirm the presence of the alar fascia and delineate its anatomical characteristics,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 17:25
Abstract The goal of this observational study was to develop effective approaches to introduce first year medical students to gross anatomy/embryology in a compressed time frame. Pedagogical reorganization of anatomy instruction in the regions of Lower Extremity and Head and Neck was based upon core clinical conditions taught in second‐year and USMLE Step 1 board review courses. These conditions were not presented as clinical problems, as many students had limited prior training in medical terminology,...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 17:24
Abstract Deletions in the 12q21 region are rare and non‐recurrent CNVs. To date, only 11 patients with deletions in this region have been reported in the literature. These patients most often presented with syndromic intellectual deficiency, ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus, ectodermal abnormalities, growth retardation and renal and cardiac malformations, suggesting a recognizable microdeletion syndrome. We report three new patients with overlapping deletions of the 12q21 region, including the...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 21:05
Abstract The role of the CTC1–STN1–TEN1 (CST) complex in Coats plus syndrome (CP), as well as other telomeropathy‐phenotypes and disorders of genome instability is well documented. We report an Indian child with a clinical diagnosis of CP who presented to us with retinal exudates, extensive cerebral calcification, developmental delay and severe anemia consequent upon chronic gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Whole exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous variants in STN1 as the probable genetic...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 13:02
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