Objectives Water diffusion, tissue stiffness, and viscosity characterize the biophysical behavior of tumors. However, little is known about how these parameters correlate in prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, we paired tomoelastography of the prostate with diffusion-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging for the quantitative mapping of biophysical parameters in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa. Materials and Methods Multifrequency magnetic resonance imaging elastography with...
Mon Jun 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Penile cancer is an under‐studied disease that occurs more commonly in developing countries and 30–50% of cases show high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Therapeutic advances are slow, largely due to the absence of animal models for translational research. Here, we report the first mouse model for HPV‐related penile cancer. Ten‐week‐old mice expressing all the HPV16 early genes under control of the cytokeratin 14 (Krt14 ) gene promoter and matched wild‐type controls were exposed...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 11:40
Even though liposarcomas account for 10–20% of all mesenchymal malignancies, they are extremely rarely located in the stomach. We report the case of a female patient with gastric liposarcoma. CT revealed a giant hypoechogenic tumour subcardially on the posterior gastric wall. Endoscopic tumour resection by piecemeal technique was done, and a lipoma was confirmed on histopathological examination. A recurrent bleeding tumour was proven 6 weeks later. The patient underwent an open proximal gastrectomy...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:54
The World Health Organization defines primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC) as a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising primarily within the jaws and having no connection with the oral mucosa. Here, we report a case of PIOSCC in which it was difficult to differentiate the condition from pericoronitis of an impacted maxillary wisdom tooth. The patient was a 27-year-old pregnant woman with a pain in the right maxillary wisdom tooth. The pain was diagnosed as pericoronitis of the right...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:54
Myeloproliferative neoplasms including essential thrombocythemia (ET) is usually caused by somatic mutations in multiple genes, including the JAK2 (most frequently), CALR gene, and MPL. In rare cases, the disease is caused by other mutations such as THPO or TET2 gene; however, around 10–15% with ET might have triple-negative mutations. Here we present 2 cases of ET who were asymptomatic on diagnoses, but found to have extremely high platelet counts as never reported earlier. The management and treatment...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:53
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer, which is resistant to the conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy with a poor prognosis. Limited case reports have showed good response to the immunotherapy in PSC patients with high PD-L1 expression generally. Herein, we report a case of rapid recurrence of PSC during postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in a 62-year-old male ex-smoker. The patient had high PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score: 90%) and...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:53
A 68-year-old female patient with tenesmus and blood in the stool was admitted to the S.G. Moscati Hospital of Taranto. Investigations revealed infiltrative mucinous colon adenocarcinoma accompanied by lymph node metastases. Following surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, computed tomography (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen screening were negative. Two years later, CT demonstrated a liver lesion. Histologic and genetic analyses confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer with the coexistence...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:52
We present a paradoxical case of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) that presented with cerebral venous thrombosis. A 39-year-old female patient diagnosed with chronic ITP, who failed treatment on multiple-line agents, was started on eltrombopag (thrombopoietin receptor agonist), which she was not compliant to. The patient later developed extensive cerebral venous thrombosis, along with venous infarcts, and intracranial and subarachnoid hemorrhage. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins as well...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 10:51
Abstract When on‐call workers wake during the night to perform work duties, they may experience reduced alertness and impaired performance as a result of sleep inertia. After performing their duties, on‐call workers may have the opportunity to return to sleep. Thus, it is important that sleep inertia countermeasures do not affect subsequent sleep. Exercise may be a suitable countermeasure; however, the impact on subsequent sleep is untested. Healthy participants (n = 15) completed three conditions...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 20:29
Background and Objectives Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the influence of light irradiation on biological tissues. Laser light in the near‐infrared (NIR) spectrum has been shown to mitigate pain, reduce inflammation, and promote wound healing. The cellular mechanism that mediates PBM's effects is generally accepted to be at the site of the mitochondria, leading to an increased flux through the electron transport chain and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Moreover, PBM has been demonstrated...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 20:48
Abstract Cancer vaccines induce cancer-specific T-cells capable of eradicating cancer cells. The impact of cancer peptide vaccines (CPV) on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. S-588410 is a CPV comprising five human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*24:02-restricted peptides derived from five cancer testis antigens, DEPDC1, MPHOSPH1, URLC10, CDCA1 and KOC1, which are overexpressed in esophageal cancer. This exploratory study investigated the immunologic mechanism of action...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) not only facilitates cancer progression from the early formation to distant metastasis, but also it differs itself from time to time alongside the tumor evolution. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), whether as pre-existing tissue-resident macrophages or recruited monocytes, are an inseparable part of this microenvironment. As their parents are broadly classified into a dichotomic, simplistic M1 and M2 subtypes, TAMs also exert paradoxical...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose In the present study, we focused on the accessory middle colic artery and aimed to increase the safety and curative value of colorectal cancer surgery by investigating the artery course and branching patterns. Methods We included 143 cases (mean age, 70.4 ± 11.2 years; 86 males) that had undergone surgery for neoplastic large intestinal...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations. Stage. A 35-year-old…
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Objective: We aim to develop and validate an effective nomogram prognostic model for patients with typical lung carcinoid tumors using a large patient cohort from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Materials and Methods: Data from patients with typical lung carcinoid tumors between 2010 and 2015 were selected from the SEER database for retrospective analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis was performed to clarify independent prognostic factors....
Wed May 27, 2020 03:00
Objectives: Stereotactic body radiation treatment represents an intriguing therapeutic option for patients with early-stage prostate cancer. In this phase II study, stereotactic body radiation treatment was delivered by volumetric modulated arc therapy with flattening filter free beams and was gated using real-time electromagnetic transponder system to maximize precision of radiotherapy and, potentially, to reduce toxicities. Materials and Methods: Patients affected by histologically...
Wed May 27, 2020 03:00
Objectives: Cancer patients are using medical cannabis (MC) to address symptoms; however, little data exist to guide clinicians when counseling patients. We seek to define the patterns of MC use among cancer patients, as well as efficacy and safety of MC. Materials and Methods: Cancer patients attending oncology office visits at Beaumont Hospital, Michigan from July to December 2018 were anonymously surveyed. The survey included data regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment, symptom...
Wed May 27, 2020 03:00
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, Volume 8, Issue , January-December 2020. Neonatal idiopathic Bell’s palsy is a very rare diagnosis with only a few previously published case reports of infants responding well to oral corticosteroid use. This trial therapy likely comes from adult data where clinical outcomes are improved following steroid use, although the data in childhood cases are equivocal. In this specific population of infants <28 days of age at presentation, the...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 09:23
Abstract Antiangiogenic drugs are potentially a useful supplement to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for a subgroup of patients with HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor receptor 2) negative breast cancer, but reliable biomarkers for improved response are lacking. Here, we report on a randomized phase II clinical trial to study the added effect of bevacizumab in neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FEC100 (5‐fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide) and taxanes (n = 132 patients). Gene expression from the...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 22:43
Abstract There's been minimal research on the prognostic value of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The relative performance of PROs compared to established markers such as Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG‐PS) and the Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI) is unknown. In this study, data from the advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) single‐arm atezolizumab trials BIRCH, FIR, and randomized‐trials OAK, POPLAR (atezolizumab vs...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 19:50
Abstract We investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on lung fibroblasts and found that the invasiveness of lung cancer cells was facilitated by the conditioned medium from CSE‐treated fibroblasts. CSE induced autophagy in fibroblasts and increased the expression of autophagy‐related proteins, including optineurin and Ras‐related protein Rab1B. Afterward, the fibroblasts produced high levels of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), which promoted cancer cell invasion. The inhibition of either optineurin...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 11:36
Abstract The effects of hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) have been established in various tumors; however, the roles of HNF‐1β in colorectal cancer progression are never been found. In the present study, HNF‐1β expression was initially detected in clinical tissue samples and online datasets and HNF‐1β was found to be highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. In addition, a positive correlation existed between HNF‐1β expression and the overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer. In...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 21:26
Technology in Cancer Research &Treatment, Volume 19, Issue , January-December 2020. Objective:The aim of the study is to determine the role of nuclear receptor coactivator 2 in cell proliferation and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells and to explore its possible mechanisms.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine NCOA2 gene expression in gastric cancer. Western blotting was used to detect Wnt signal pathways–related protein expression. Colony formation assays, Cell Counting...
Wed Jun 03, 2020 13:48
Foreword. In this Journal feature, information about a real patient is presented in stages (boldface type) to an expert clinician, who responds to the information by sharing relevant background and reasoning with the reader (regular type). The authors’ commentary follows. Stage. A 63-year-old woman…
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract Tachia guianensis (Gentianaceae), a Neotropical understory myrmecophyte, shelters ant colonies in its hollow trunks and branches (domatia). In turn, it is protected from defoliators and obtains nutrients from ant-produced wastes (myrmecotrophy). Aiming to verify if seasonality influences nitrogen assimilation via ant wastes using the stable isotope nitrogen-15, we first studied Tachia’s phenology and its seasonal leaf production, and then the life cycle of its two more...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Ahead of Print.
Wed Jun 03, 2020 05:17
Abstract Purpose Considerable attention has been given to the sustainability of adolescent health programs as federal funds have become limited. This article describes important steps and lessons learned in seeking buy-in from stakeholders to promote sustainability and secure non-federal funds to maintain the Minnesota Student Parent Support Initiative (MSPSI) after federal funding ended. ...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
Abstract The ongoing spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a significant threat to global health. As the coronavirus outbreak began spreading, hospitals were forced to relocate resources to treat the growing number of COVID-19 patients. As a consequence, doctors across the country canceled tens of thousands of nonurgent surgeries. However, recognizing that the COVID-19 situation may be highly...
Thu Jun 04, 2020 03:00
To explore the prevalence of dysphonia in European patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and the clinical features of dysphonic patients.
Wed Jun 03, 2020 03:00
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