Abstract The paper provides a critical overview of the perspective that stratifies society in India into a series of different classes, resulting in the mobility of particular castes or social groups. For this purpose, the study presents ethnographic material concerning the foundation and development of a non-Brahman temple in the Tamil low-caste settlement of Line Kollai, which is in a neighbourhood close to the city of Krishnagiri. The presented ethnographic material shows how...
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Chemosensors, Vol. 8, Pages 17: Immunomagnetic Separation of Microorganisms with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Chemosensors doi: 10.3390/chemosensors8010017 Authors: Julian A. Thomas Florian Schnell Yasmin Kaveh-Baghbaderani Sonja Berensmeier Sebastian P. Schwaminger The early detection of Legionella in water reservoirs, and the prevention of their often fatal diseases, requires the development of rapid and reliable detection processes. A method for the magnetic separation (MS)...
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Chemosensors, Vol. 8, Pages 23: A New Perspective on Using Glycols in Glutamate Biosensor Design: From Stabilizing Agents to a New Containment Net Chemosensors doi: 10.3390/chemosensors8020023 Authors: Andrea Bacciu Paola Arrigo Giovanna Delogu Salvatore Marceddu Patrizia Monti Gaia Rocchitta Pier Andrea Serra Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It is involved in many normal physiological brain activities, but also neurological disorders and...
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Abstract Aging is a natural biological process that results in progressive loss of cell, tissue, and organ function. One of the causing factors of the aging process is the decrease in muscle mass, which has not been fully verified in Drosophila. Apoptotic cell death may result in aberrant cell loss and can eventually diminish tissue function and muscle atrophy. If so, inhibition of apoptosis may prolong longevity and reduce motor function and muscle mass decline with age in Drosophila...
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Abstract We studied how mutation rates promote the evolution of advantageous traits in an asexual population. First, to examine the effects of mutation rates on the evolution of an advantageous trait (high competitive ability), we carried out simulation analyses with competition between individuals for survival. Second, to examine the mechanism underlying the promotion of advantageous trait evolution, we calculated the probabilities that new favorable effects of mutations on the...
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Abstract The current study explores the relationship between water resources and tourism in South Asia for the period of 1995–2017. The study employs the CIPS unit root test for stationarity of the variables and the CD test for cross-sectional dependence among cross-sectional units. As for the long-run parameters, a novel technique, known as dynamic common correlated effect (DCCE) model, is used which was recently developed by Chudik and Pesaran (J Econ 188:393–420, 2015b). The...
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Abstract Heavy metals (Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Ga, Ge, Nb, Mo, Cd, In, Hf, Ta, W, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U) in the surface sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river system of the Bengal Basin (BB) were measured to evaluate the heavy metal contamination and anthropogenic influence. The average concentration levels of most of the heavy metals (except Mo and Tl) were above the average crustal and shale values. Contamination indices, including the contamination factor, pollution...
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Abstract Fertilization of grassland pastures may be a non-point pollution source in the Azores archipelago, despite the high phosphorus (P) retention of Andosols. To evaluate the risk of P desorption, representative Andosols samples (0–15 cm) were subdivided in five layers and different P pools were measured. The risk of P unloading into waters was assessed by the degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS), and by the P concentration in equilibrium solutions (0.01 M CaCl2). The higher...
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Abstract Eco-degradative features associated with the modern agriculture due to utilization of toxic agro-chemicals and intensified technologies need an urgent attention. Considering this need for eco-curativeness and eco-efficiency, current has for the first time employed an integrated farming system (IFS) through designing an appropriate assemblage of vegetables, poultry, and fish (VPF) and investigated its applied scale practicability in addition to the its role in the enhancement...
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Abstract Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of algicidal compounds produced by macrophytes against microalgae. The aim of this study was to assess the algicidal activity of seven Moroccan macrophyte ethyl acetate extracts (MEA) to control harmful algal blooms (HABs). The response and sensitivity of prokaryotic toxic cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa) and eukaryotic microalgae (Chlorella sp.) were highlighted. The algicidal effect of MEA extracts against the two...
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Abstract In recent years, the impact of ultrafine nanomaterials on the aquatic organisms and their ecosystems contributed much concern due to their abundance in environment. Several toxicity studies have reported that nanoparticles induced reproductive stress and resulted in reproductive impairment of fishes. The present study was aimed to investigate the stress-induced toxicity of C60 fullerene nanomaterial on various reproductive parameters of the freshwater fish, Anabas testudineus....
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Abstract Emerging economies are mostly plague by a massive consumption of non-renewable energy amidst an ever inceasing urbanization rate with little or no attention to the quality of the environmental. As such, this paper investigates the relationship between renewable energy, urbanization, economic growth, trade openness, and ecological footprint in CIVETS countries, namely, Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, and South Africa. The study employs augmented mean group...
19h
Abstract Emission inventories are one of the most critical inputs for the successful modeling of air quality. The performance of the modeling results is directly affected by the quality of atmospheric emission inventories. Consequently, the development of representative inventories is always required. Due to the lack of regional inventories in Brazil, this study aimed to investigate the use of the particulate matter (PM) emission estimation from the Brazilian top-down vehicle emission...
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Abstract Burial is applied to dispose of livestock carcasses due to its convenience and cost efficiency despite concerns about groundwater contamination by leachate from burial pits. In particular, the burial method has caused debates about groundwater contamination sources around on-farm livestock burial sites because of pre- and coexisting contamination from livestock production and agriculture. To assess the causes of groundwater contamination around poultry burial pits that...
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Abstract Some phthalates, which are used mainly as plasticizers, are suspected to be endocrine disruptors. In the present study, daily intakes of phthalates by Japanese children through all exposure pathways and the contribution of indoor air quality to the intakes were examined by measuring urinary phthalate metabolites in the children and the airborne phthalates in their residences. Spot urine samples excreted first after waking up in the morning were collected from the subjects...
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Telemedicine and e-Health, Ahead of Print.
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Telemedicine and e-Health, Ahead of Print.
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Telemedicine and e-Health, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Purpose Previous studies focusing on phenotyping obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have outlined its heterogeneity in clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and polysomnographic features. However, the role of anatomical or pathophysiological causality including craniofacial skeletal deformity has not been studied. We aimed to identify and characterize phenotypes of OSA based on multi-perspective clustering by incorporating craniofacial...
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Secreted phospholipase A2 group IIa (sPLA2-IIa) has been shown to promote tumor genesis and cell proliferation. The properties of this group of enzymes are utilized in liposomal drug delivery of chemotherapy. sPLA2-IIa is also under investigation as a possible treatment target in itself, and as a prognostic marker. The expression of sPLA2-IIa in breast cancer has not been examined extensively, and never using immunohistochemistry. We sought to investigate the expression of sPLA2-IIa in a cohort of...
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Allostery exploits the conformational dynamics of enzymes by triggering a shift in population ensembles towards functionally distinct conformational or dynamic states. Allostery extensively regulates the activities of key enzymes within biosynthetic pathways to meet metabolic demand for their end products. Here, we have examined a critical enzyme, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (DAH7PS), at the gateway to aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which...
3h
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been implicated in many biological processes and diseases, including immune responses, cardiovascular dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and cancer. These chemical species are short-lived in biological settings, and detecting them in these conditions and diseases requires the use of molecular probes that form stable, easily detectable products. The chemical mechanisms and limitations of many of the currently used probes are not well understood, hampering their...
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Pathogenic bacteria of the genera Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium cause severe human diseases such as tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae). The cells of these species are surrounded by protective walls rich in long chain mycolic acids. These fatty acids are conjugated to the disaccharide trehalose on the cytoplasmic side of the bacterial cell membrane. They are then transported across the membrane to the periplasm where they act as donors for other...
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Interferon-regulated myxovirus resistance protein B (MxB) is an interferon-induced GTPase belonging to the dynamin superfamily. It inhibits infection with a wide range of different viruses, including HIV-1, by impairing viral DNA entry into the nucleus. Unlike the related antiviral GTPase MxA, MxB possesses an N-terminal region that contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and is crucial for inhibiting HIV-1. Because MxB previously has been shown to reside in both the nuclear envelope and the...
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Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) plays important roles in glycolysis, yet its forward reaction kinetics are unknown, and its role especially in regulating cancer cell glycolysis is unclear. Here, we developed an enzyme assay to measure the kinetic parameters of the PGK1-catalyzed forward reaction. The Km values for 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid (1,3-BPG, the forward reaction substrate) were 4.36 μM (yeast PGK1) and 6.86 μM (human PKG1). The Km values for 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG, the reverse reaction...
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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with cancer cell heterogeneity, plasticity, and metastasis. However, the extrinsic signals supervising these phenotypic transitions remain elusive. To assess how selected microenvironmental signals control cancer-associated phenotypes along the EMT continuum, we defined a logical model of the EMT cellular network that yields qualitative degrees of cell adhesions by adherens junctions and focal adhesions, two features affected during EMT....
4h
USP10 Promotes Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Deubiquitinating and Stabilizing YAP/TAZ
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralogue, transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), play pivotal roles in promoting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the regulatory mechanism underpinning aberrant activation of YAP/TAZ in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we globally profiled the contribution of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB) to both transcriptional activity and protein abundance of YAP/TAZ in HCC models and identified ubiquitin-specific peptidase...
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The detailed biological functions of circular RNA (circRNA) are largely unexplored. Using circRNA sequencing, we identified 169 differentially expressed circRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells compared to non-tumor human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells. Among them, circFOXK2 was validated with significant upregulation in PDAC cells and 63 % of primary tumors (53 out of 84). circFOXK2 promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion and was involved in cell cycle progression...
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IntroductionFractures have been a common denominator of the injury patterns observed over the past century of warfare. The fractures typified by the blast and ballistic injuries of war lead to high rates of bone loss, soft tissue injury and infection, greatly increasing the likelihood of non-union. Despite this, no reliable treatment strategy for non-union exists. This literature review aims to explore the rates of non-union across a century of conflict, in order to determine whether our ability...
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IntroductionIt is uncertain whether treatment by recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) can promote healing of deep second-degree burns. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review and assess randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of rhGM-CSF for treating deep second-degree burns.MethodsThis meta-analysis conformed to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement. The PubMed, Cochrane...
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IntroductionOccupational stress has been studied in the military and among professional musicians but not yet among military musicians. We may speculate that military musicians are subject to military occupational stresses as well as those of the professional musician, but we do not know what the stresses of the role actually are. This study is the first to identify sources of occupational stress and measure the prevalence of music performance anxiety (MPA) among a group of military musicians.MethodsVolunteer...
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Humanitarian assistance and Defence Healthcare Engagement have traditionally both been taught on the Medical Humanitarian Stabilisation Operations Course. However, the two activities are distinct. This paper outlines the critical differences between them, focusing on their specific purposes, scope, timescales and ethics. Humanitarian assistance will remain a distinct activity with a focus on the relief of suffering, guided by international norms, while Defence Healthcare Engagement will encompass...
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A morbilliform drug eruption is the most common condition leading to a dermatology consultation for a patient in the hospital. Timing is an important diagnostic tool since the onset of a skin rash usually takes place within days-to-weeks of the start of the implicated drug. A comprehensive, thorough, and reliable drug history by the clinician is essential. Therefore, to assist in the task of determining the causative medication of a new skin rash in a hospitalized patient, the creation of a drug...
5h
Disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) is mainly seen in immunocompromised individuals. Atypical lesions can be present in both primary infection and reactivation disease. Compared with the general population, inmunocompromised hosts are at greater risk of increased persistency and severity of clinical manifestations, including severe systemic involvement such as esophagitis, meningitis, and hepatitis. Herein, we report the case of a liver transplant recipient with atypical disseminated herpes simplex...
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Male breast cancer is a rare disease with an unknown etiopathogenesis. We report a case of a 50-year-old man with a breast cancer revealed by skin involvement.
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Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a congenital disorder characterized by localized or generalized absence of skin. Bullous aplasia cutis congenita (BACC) is a rare clinical subtype that has few documented reports in the literature. Herein, we present a new case of BACC in which the bulla was unruptured at birth.
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Skin is the largest peripheral endocrine organ and functions as a hormone target and endocrine gland. A cutaneous hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-like axis enables the skin to respond to stress and regulates its steroidogenic activity. The pilosebaceous unit is a site for production and metabolism of a number of steroid hormones, including stress and sex hormones. This is an overview of the important role that the cutaneous HPA-like-axis plays in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory...
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