Key points Contraction of abdominal muscles at the end of expiration during metabolic challenges (such as hypercapnia and hypoxia) improves pulmonary ventilation. The emergence of this active expiratory pattern requires the recruitment of the expiratory oscillator located on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata. Here, we show that an inhibitory circuitry located in the Bötzinger complex is an important source of inhibitory drive to the expiratory oscillator. This circuitry, mediated...
Key points Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and transgenic mice have beta‐amyloid (Aβ) aggregation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is possible that Aβ from the periphery contributes to the load of Aβ in the brain, as Aβ has prion‐like properties. The present investigations demonstrate that Aβ injected into the GI tract of ICR mice is internalised into enteric cholinergic neurons; at 1 month, administration of Aβ into the body of the stomach and the proximal colon was observed to partly...
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Publication date: Available online 4 July 2020Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & BiologyAuthor(s): Shengnan Liu, Tara Neleman, Eline M.J. Hartman, Jurgen M.R. Ligthart, Karen T. Witberg, Antonius F.W. van der Steen, Jolanda J. Wentzel, Joost Daemen, Gijs van Soest
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Abstract Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis in adult female acne (AFA) is tough owing to unreliable ultrasonographyin virgins or obese females and inconsistent hyperandrogenemia. We analysed hormones in AFA and established a diagnostic cut‐off value of anti‐mullerianhormone (AMH) for PCOS. Female acne patients aged ≥25 years were assessed with total testosterone (TT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI),AMH,17‐hydroxyprogesterone(17‐OHP),dehydroepiandrosterone...
Abstract Background Acne Vulgaris (AV) is a common skin disease that is treated both with dermatologists and family physicians (FPs) with different strategies. Objective To assess the antibiotics that are frequently preferred in AV treatment, and the differences between the FPs and dermatologists in treatment were investigated. Material‐Method The physicians were informed about the study, and sent over the internet a multiple‐choice questionnaire that consists of 29 questions in total....
ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the coronavirus strain that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The World Health Organization has designated the ongoing COVID‐19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. WHO declared COVID‐19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. During the pandemic and lockdown period, many dermatological clinics were temporarily closed in Turkey as well as all over the world. Taking the necessary precautions, the hospital continued...
Abstract Psychodermatology is a growing specialty which is gaining momentum in different parts of the world. It focuses on the connection between skin and psyche. Psychocutaneous conditions are characterized by those disorders where stress is the key element in exacerbating skin conditions or flare ups of dermatoses like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. There is a direct relationship of stress with the course, and prognosis of the skin disease. In some situations, there is no skin condition but...
Abstract Bullous pemphigoid (BP) patients are predominantly above 70 years of age, with limited tolerance to the side effects of the immunosuppressive drugs. Advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of BP have led to the development of molecules which target specific pathways involved in induction and perpetuation of disease. Objectives and methods Patients with BP Disease Area Index above 60 and less than 100 were split into two groups ‐ one with high and the other with normal levels...
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide and 0.1% tacrolimus ointment for the treatment of such nodular lesions of scabies. Methods In this double‐blind randomized controlled trial, fifty Indian men with postscabeitic persistent nodular lesions over the external genitalia, were enrolled. They were randomized into two groups to receive either triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% ointment twice daily, or tacrolimus ointment 0.03%...
Abstract Introduction The elasticity of the skin and its capacity to hold water decrease with aging because of the loss of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the skin. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the use of HA fillers in skin rejuvenation beyond its conventional use which is supplementing decreased dermis volume and filling deep wrinkles. Objective We investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel device (Dermashine® balance™) that injects HA into the dermis using a stamp‐type microneedle...
Abstract Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease with subepidermal involvement, typically affecting the elderly. It has spontaneous remissions and exacerbations with significant morbidity. A novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is responsible for the new universal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The pandemic made concerns, especially about immunosuppressive therapy. In this article, we reviewed the management...
Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that negatively affects the quality of life with remissions and relapses. Smoking, which is known to accelerate the development of comorbidities that can accompany psoriasis such as atherosclerotic heart disease, metabolic syndrome, is also an independent risk factor for psoriasis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and psoriasis. The study included a total of 476 participants with 276 psoriasis patients...
Abstract In this study, we examine keratosis pilaris search patterns using Google Trends to determine any seasonality. Monthly searches were collected from January 2004 to January 2020 using “keratosis pilaris” as the search term in the Google Trends database. United States search data was compared to monthly temperatures and tested for correlation. Worldwide search interest was also acquired and, along with U.S. data, a two‐model analysis was performed to determine any seasonal patterns. Peaks...
Abstract A 65‐year‐old women presented with sharply demarcated macules and small nodules on her face and neck for 2.5 years. They first appeared on her left face and gradually spread to her whole face and neck. The lesions were slightly pruritic. Her history was remarkable only for a high dose of topical tretinoin cream 0.025% dosage. On the basis of distribution and history, we made the diagnosis of contact dermatitis for the macules. A biopsy of a red papule from her neck revealed characteristics...
Abstract Immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory treatments are critical for the management of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions such as psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Like in those illnesses, the lung injury and acute respiratory distress shown in COVID‐19 patients are the result of a disruption in the balance of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. This hyperinflammatory response to SARS‐CoV‐2, associated with the severity of the coronavirus disease, is called the cytokine storm. There...
Abstract Tinea are superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes. Luliconazole exhibits highest antifungal activity against Trichophyton spp which are major causative agents of dermatophytosis. However, luliconazole suffers from drawbacks such as less skin retention, low aqueous solubility and poor skin penetration. To overcome the limitations of luliconazole, Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were formulated. NLCs are better permeation enhancers as they increase skin occlusion and...
ABSTRACT High levels of efficacy were demonstrated in randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of guselkumab, however real‐life data is lacking. In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of guselkumab in a cohort of psoriasis patients heavily pretreated with biologic agents. Primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving ≥ PASI 90 response at week 24. The cohort included 33 patients of mean age 60±13 years. Guselkumab was initiated after...
Abstract Background Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare, low‐grade dermal sarcoma. Patients and methods We analyzed our files from January 2001 to January 2020 for AFX. Clinical parameters, histopathology, treatment and outcome have been investigated. Results We identified 87 patients (mean age of 80.0 ± 8.4 years) with 105 confirmed tumors. Of these patients 86.2% were males. The most common clinical presentation was nodular (93.3%). The majority of AFX was located on the head...
Abstract Although many studies report effective use of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) injection in the clinics, almost no study reports any side effects. The patient who was treated with PRP injection in gastrocnemius muscle developed complications. The authors of this study present a case which may show the possible side effects of PRP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Homologation of the Fischer Indolization: A Quinoline Synthesis via Homo‐Diaza‐Cope Rearrangement **
We disclose a new Brønsted acid promoted quinoline synthesis, proceeding via homo‐diaza‐Cope rearrangement of N‐aryl‐N’‐cyclopropyl hydrazines. Our strategy can be considered a homologation of Fischer’s classical indol synthesis and delivers 6‐membered N‐heterocycles, including previously inaccessible pyridine derivatives. The approach can also be used as a pyridiannulation methodology toward constructing polycyclic polyheteroaromatics. A computational analysis has been employed to probe plausible...
By performing icing experiments on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces of pyroelectric amino acids and on the x‐cut faces of LiTaO 3 , we discovered that the effect of electrofreezing of super cooled water is triggered by ions of carbonic acid. During the cooling of the hydrophilic pyroelectric crystals, a continuous water layer is created between the charged hemihedral faces, as confirmed by impedance measurements. As a result, a current of carbonic acid ions, produced by dissolved environmental...
Resolving interstitial hydrogen atoms at the surfaces and interfaces is crucial for understanding the mechanical and physicochemical properties of metal hydrides. Although palladium (Pd) hydrides hold important applications in hydrogen storage and electrocatalysis, the atomic position of interstitial hydrogen at Pd hydride near surfaces still remains undetermined. We report here the first direct imaging of subsurface hydrogen atoms absorbed in Pd nanoparticles by using differentiated and integrated...
Nature‐derived cyclic peptides have proven to be a vast source of inspiration for advancing modern pharmaceutical design and synthetic chemistry. The focus of this review is sunflower trypsin inhibitor‐1 (SFTI‐1), one of the smallest disulfide‐bridged cyclic peptides found in nature. SFTI‐1 has an unusual biosynthetic pathway that begins with a dual‐purpose albumin precursor and ends with the production of a high affinity serine protease inhibitor that rivals other inhibitors much larger in size....
Dual‐site catalyst allows for a synergetic reaction in the close proximity to enhance catalysis. It is highly desirable to create dual‐site interfaces in single‐atom system in order to maximize the effect. Herein, we report a cation‐deficient electrostatic anchorage route to fabricate an atomically dispersed platinum‐titania catalyst (Pt 1 O1 /Ti 1‐x O 2 ), which shows greatly enhanced hydrogen evolution activity, surpassing that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst in mass by a factor of 53.2....
We report a new visible light‐mediated carbonylative amidation of aryl, heteroaryl and alkyl halides. A tandem catalytic cycle of [Ir(ppy) 2 (dtb‐bpy)] + generates a potent iridium photoreductant via a second catalytic cycle in the presence of DIPEA which productively engages aryl bromides, iodides and even chlorides as well as primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl iodides. The versatility of the in‐situ generated catalyst is illustrated by compatibility with aliphatic and aromatic amines, high...
Here an efficient copper‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of azide‐ynamides via α‐imino copper carbene intermediates is reported, which represents the first generation of α‐imino copper carbenes from alkynes. This protocol enables the practical and divergent synthesis of an array of polycyclic N‐heterocycles in generally good to excellent yields with broad substrate scope and excellent diastereoselectivities. Moreover, such an asymmetric azide‐ynamide cyclization has been achieved with high enantioselectivities...
1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (dabco) and its derivatives have been extensively utilized as building units of excellent molecular ferroelectrics for decades. However, the homochiral dabco‐based ferroelectric remains a blank. Herein, by adding a methyl (Me) group accompanied by the introduction of homochirality to the [H2dabco]2+ in the non‐ferroelectric [H2dabco][TFSA]2 (TFSA = bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)ammonium), we successfully designed enantiomeric ferroelectrics [R and S‐2‐Me‐H2dabco][TFSA]2....
Formyl MIDA boronate has been known to be an elusive instance of acylboronate derivatives which could not be obtained to date. In this work, an approach to one‐pot preparation and chemical transformations of formyl MIDA boronate was developed to provide new structural types of α‐functionalized organoboron compounds. Among them are acylboronate reagents which present boron‐substituted analogues of ynones and β‐dicarbonyl compounds. The developed synthetic procedures utilizing formyl MIDA boronate...
Luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals are a fascinating class of materials because of their size‐dependent emission. Multitudes of past studies have demonstrated that semiconductor nanoparticles with radii smaller than their Bohr radius experience quantum confinement and thus size‐dependent emission. Exerting pressure to these nanoparticles represents an additional, more dynamic, strategy to alter their size and shift their emission. Upon the application of pressure, lattices are strained, and electronic...
A regiodivergent and stereoselective hydrosilylation of basic industrial feedstock isoprene with unactivated silanes has been developed using earth‐abundant iron catalyst. The manipulation of regioselectivity relies on fine modification of the coordination geometry of iron center. While a bidentate pyridine imine ligand promotes the formation of allylic silanes via a 4,1‐addition, the selectivity toward 3,4‐adduct homoallylic silanes was achieved by switching to tridentate nitrogen ligand. Experimental...
Tricyclic ring systems possessing a dibenzo structure joined to a seven‐membered heterocyclic ring frequently show important biological activities. However, a modular approach to these molecules based on efficient intermolecular reaction of readily available chemicals is lacking. Herein, an unprecedented palladium‐catalyzed formal [4+3] annulation for modular construction of these tricyclic systems is described. This reaction features easily accessible reactants ( o ‐haloarylaldehydes and N ‐tosylhydrazones),...
Perfect rhenium mediator : Octacyanidorhenate(V) ion is presented as a promising molecular precursor for the construction of an advanced spin‐crossover material linking a multistep spin transition with strong cooperativity. An anionic layered FeII‐ReV cyanido‐bridged framework non‐covalently bonded to Cs+ counterions is reported. It exhibits a two‐step hysteretic FeII spin‐crossover effect controlled by temperature, light irradiation, and pressure. Abstract A two‐step hysteretic FeII spin...
The formation of Pd–Zn alloy on a Pd‐ZnO‐ZrO2 results in the modification of the Pd electronic structure and enables the highly selective formation of C5+ ketones from renewable ethanol (>70 %yield) for extended catalysts lifetimes above 2000 hours. Abstract Ethanol can be used as a platform molecule for synthesizing valuable chemicals and fuel precursors. Direct synthesis of C5+ ketones, building blocks for lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels, from ethanol was achieved over a stable Pd‐promoted...
Manipulating conductance in parallel molecular pathways is a crucial element in molecular electronics. We explore intramolecular parallel pathways with different bond topology, in form of a quantum circuit, in tunneling junctions comprising self‐assembled monolayers. We employ quantum‐interference switching/gating with an acid, without any structural changes, in single‐molecular junctions. Abstract This study describes the modulation of tunneling probabilities in molecular junctions by...
A different origin of aromaticity : Dinickelaferrocene was realized as the first example of a transition‐metal dimetallaferrocene. The nickelole ligands act as non‐innocent ligands and accept electron density from Fe via back‐donation to achieve aromaticity. Abstract The first example of ferrocene analogues with two transition‐metal metallole ligands of the general formula (η 5‐C4R4M)2Fe in a sandwich structure are reported. Specifically, dinickelaferrocene 2 , a type of dimetallametallocene,...
Lawful behavior : A wide range of monodisperse lead perovskite nanocrystals with different cation and anion compositions and varying sizes were synthesized and their biexciton Auger recombination lifetimes measured by ultrafast spectroscopy (see picture). Volume scaling laws for the Auger lifetime of the nanocrystals were determined, thus enabling facile estimation of Auger rates, which are key parameters for perovskite‐nanocrystal‐based devices. Abstract Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals...
Polydiallyldimethylammonium surfaces with surface counterions with a positive Jones–Dole viscosity coefficient (Bη ) exhibit excellent self‐cleaning function upon water action. Those with surface counterions with negative Bη reasonably adhere to oil under water. This ion‐specific effect enables the guidance of the oil flow on ionic surfaces upon water action according to the nature of surface (counter)ions. Abstract The counterions of polydiallyldimethylammonium (PDADMA) coatings were...
The volume expansion and poor conductivity are two major obstacles that hinder the pursuing for the lithium‐ion batteries with long cycling life and high power density. Herein, we highlight a misfit compound PbNbS 3 with soft/rigid superlattice structure, which was unambiguously confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy and electrochemical characterization, as a promising anode material for high performance lithium‐ion batteries with simultaneously optimized capacity, stability and conductivity....
Achieving synthetic architectures with simple structures and robust biomimetic catalytic activities remains a great challenge. Herein, we explore a facile supramolecular assembly approach to construct a dipeptide‐based hierarchical nanoarchitecture with enhanced enzyme‐like catalytic activity. In this nanoarchitecture, nanospheres are with chain‐like arrangement through coordination‐driven directional self‐assembly. The reversible transformation of anisotropic nanochains to isotropic nanospheres...
Developing noble‐metal‐free bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts is of great significance for several key energy conversion and storage systems, yet remains as a grand challenge. Herein, we have developed a transformation method for growing NiMn‐based bimetal‐organic framework (NiMn‐MOF) nanosheets on multi‐channel carbon fibers (MCCF) as a promising bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst. Owing to the active NiMn‐MOF nanosheets and their tight connection with the highly conductive MCCF support, the...
An efficient copper‐catalyzed regioselective C‐H alkenylation and borylative alkylation of quinoline N ‐oxides with vinyl arenes in the presence of pinacol diborane has been developed. The reaction proceeds through the borylcupration of the vinyl arenes followed by nucleophilic attack of the resulting alkyl copper species to the quinoline N ‐oxides. Benzoquinone and KO t Bu were identified as the necessary additives at the second step of the reaction that are crucial for the success of the...
Vinylcyclopropanes (VCPs) are commonly used in transition metal‐catalyzed cycloadditions, and the exploitation of their recently realized reactivities to construct new cyclic architectures is of great significance in modern synthetic chemistry. Herein, a palladium‐catalyzed, visible light‐driven, asymmetric [5+2] cycloaddition of VCPs with α‐diazoketones was first accomplished by switching the reactivity of the Pd‐containing dipolar intermediates from all‐carbon 1,3‐dipoles to oxo‐1,5‐dipoles. Enantioenriched...
A catalytic enantioselective access to disubstituted functionalized gem ‐difluorocyclopropanes, which lie among emerging fluorinated motifs, was developed by asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of gem ‐difluorocyclopropenyl esters, catalyzed by Noyori‐Ikariya ( p ‐cymene)‐ruthenium(II) complex, with ( N ‐tosyl‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine) as chiral ligand and isopropanol as hydrogen donor. The resulting cis‐gem‐ difluorocyclopropyl esters were obtained with moderate to high enantiomeric purities...
Pure green emitters are essential for realizing an ultrawide color gamut in next‐generation displays. Herein, by fusing the difficult‐to‐access aza‐aromatics onto B (boron)‐N (nitrogen) skeleton, a novel hybridized multi‐resonance and charge transfer (HMCT) molecule AZA‐BN was successfully synthesized through an effective one‐shot multiple cyclization method. AZA‐BN shows pure green fluorescence with photo‐luminance quantum yield of almost unity (99.7%). The corresponding green device exhibits a...
E. coli and Salmonella are two of the most common bacterial pathogens involved in food and water borne related deaths. Hence, it is critical to develop rapid and sensitive detection strategies for near outbreak applications. We report a simple and specific assay to detect as low as 1 CFU/mL of E. coli in water within 6 hours by targeting the bacteria’s surface protease activity. The assay relies on polythiophene acetic acid (PTAA) as optical reporter and a short unlabeled peptide (LL37 FRRV...
Phosphagallenes ( 1a / 1b ) featuring a double bond between the phosphorus and gallium atoms have been synthesized for the first time by reaction of (phosphanyl)phosphaketenes with the gallium carbenoid (Nacnac)Ga (Nacnac = HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐ i ‐Pr 2 C 6 H 3 )] 2 ). The stability of these species was found to be dependent on the saturation of the phosphanyl moiety. 1a , which bares an unsaturated phosphanyl ring, rearranges in solution to yield a spirocyclic gallium compound 2 which...
Triplet energy transfer from inorganic nanocrystals to molecular acceptors has attracted strong attention as a promising approach to high‐efficiency photon upconversion that is important for energy‐related applications. Because energy transfer is a donor‐acceptor interfacial process, it is essential to simultaneously engineer the nanocrystal and molecular parameters in order to uncover unified physical principles that are transferable among different systems. Here we study this problem using CsPbBr...
The coordination of actinides, lanthanides, as well as strontium and cesium with graphdiyne (GDY) was studied by experiments and theoretical calculations. On the basis of experimental results and/or theoretical calculations, it was suggested that Th 4+ , Pu 4+ , Am 3+ , Cm 3+ and Cs + exist in single ion states on the special triangle structure of GDY with various coordination patterns, in which GDY itself is deformed in different manners. Both experiments and theoretical calculations strongly...
An intermolecular hydroalkylative dearomatization of naphthalenes with commercially available α‐amino acids is achieved via visible‐light photoredox catalysis. With an organic photocatalyst, a series of multi‐substituted 1,2‐dihydronaphthalenes are obtained in good to excellent yields. Intriguingly, by tuning the substituents at the C2 position of naphthalenes, formal dearomative [3 + 2] cycloadditions occur exclusively via a hydroalkylative dearomatization‐cyclization sequence. This overall redox‐neutral...
Single and double cyclophenylene‐ethynylenes (CPEs) with axial and helical chirality have been synthesized by the Sonogashira cross‐coupling of di‐ and tetra‐ethynyl biphenyls with a U‐shaped prearomatic diiodoparaphenylene followed by reductive aromatization. X‐ray crystallographic analyses and the DFT calculations revealed that these CPEs possess highly twisted bent structures. Bend angles on the edge of the paraphenylene units were close to the value of [5]cycloparaphenylene (CPP), the smallest...
Realizing mechanochromism in rigid molecular systems is very important and highly desirable to broaden their potential applications. Here, a novel and practicable strategy to rationally obtain the reversible mechanochromic luminescent (MCL) material with high‐contrast ratio (green versus red) has been established. Namely, by introducing a volatile third party (small‐sized solvent molecules) into the lattice of charge transfer (CT) cocrystal of mixed‐stacking 1:1 coronene (Cor.) and napthalenetetracarboxylic...
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