Endometrial carcinoma (EC), as described by Bokhman, has historically been classified as Type I (low-grade, hormone-dependant, young patients, good prognosis) or Type II (high-grade, hormone-independent, older patients, poor prognosis). This classification is no longer pragmatic, however, as EC is a much more heterogeneous disease. Four molecular subtypes of EC were identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and subsequent studies have demonstrated its utility in predicting prognosis. While endometrial...
Mon Mar 23, 2020 02:00
Despite their association with DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein deficiency, colonic adenocarcinomas with mucinous, signet ring cell, or medullary differentiation have not been associated with improved survival compared with conventional adenocarcinomas in most studies. Recent studies indicate that increased T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment has a favorable prognostic effect in colonic adenocarcinoma. However, the prognostic effect of tumor-associated T cells has not been evaluated...
Mon Mar 23, 2020 02:00
Malignant mesothelioma can be difficult to distinguish from other malignancies, particularly non–small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), without immunohistochemistry. However, conventional markers of mesothelial lineage all have variable degrees of cross-reactivity with other neoplasms, including NSCLCs, necessitating the use of multiple mesothelioma and carcinoma markers in every case for accurate diagnosis. A recently described monoclonal HEG homolog 1 (HEG1) antibody was proposed to be a specific...
Mon Mar 23, 2020 02:00
Diagnosis of first-trimester partial mole is challenging as the key morphologic features may not be well-developed and may overlap with those of a nonmolar gestation harboring a cytogenetic disorder or degenerative changes. Genotype testing has emerged as the reference tool to distinguish partial mole (diandric triploid genotype) from its nonmolar mimics. However, observer variation in defining the minimum threshold of how much morphologic alteration is required to trigger genotype testing may result...
Mon Mar 23, 2020 02:00
The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) organized a Consultation Conference in March 2019 dealing with applications of molecular pathology in Urogenital Pathology, including testicular tumors (with a focus on germ cell tumors [GCTs]), preceded by a survey among its members to get insight into current practices in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) diagnostics and adoption of the ISUP immunohistochemical guidelines published in 2014. On the basis of the premeeting survey, the most...
Mon Mar 23, 2020 02:00
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