Opioids are the main group of pharmacological agents used during the perioperative period and provide a sedative and analgesic component. The observations of opioid consumption in West Europe indicate that this group of drugs is widely used in chronic noncancer pain therapy. Nearly 20 years ago, the first publications indicating that opioids, as an element of perioperative pharmacotherapy in oncologic patients, increase the risk of tumor recurrence and affect further prognosis were presented. The...
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Physics student founds international organization for mentoring women in male-dominated fields. -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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My father is an infectious-disease physician in New York City; he needs to do his job, so for our own safety, he can no longer live with the family -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Check the wastewater -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
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Introduction: Neonatal hypoglycemia due to congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a potentially life-threatening condition. Biallelic pathogenic variants in KATP channel subunit genes (ABCC8, KCNJ11), causing severe forms of CHI, are more prevalent in regions with a significant rate of consanguinity and may lead to unexplained neonatal deaths. We hypothesized that KATP channel gene variants are the cause of CHI in three unrelated children from consanguineous Kurdish families with histories of four unexplained...
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An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Abstract Objective The effect of subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) on bone mineral density (BMD) remains unclear, as do the linking mechanisms. This review aims to investigate the relationship between SH and bone loss in terms of the gender-dependent effects of SH on BMD. Methods The PUBMED, EMBASE, OVID, MEDLINE, SINOMED and COCHRANE LIBRARY databases...
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Abstract Background Using the Faroese Septuagenarian cohort, we aimed to describe the incidence of dementia and assess the validity of neurocognitive tests to predict subsequent dementia diagnosis. Methods In this population-based cohort, 713 Faroese septuagenarians aged 70–74 years without dementia, underwent clinical and neuropsychological examinations....
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From the psychiatrist Judson A. Brewer, M.D., Ph.D. in the NYTimes:Anxiety and its close cousin, panic, are both born from fear and uncertainty. We have plenty of that with the current COVID-19 pandemic. If information is lacking, our prefrontal cortex lays out different scenarios about what might happen. Some of these scenarios can be pretty scary. Anxiety is contagious. The spread of emotion from one person to another is called social contagion. "People can sneeze on your brain", says Dr Jud. "Our...
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Abstract Coelomycete is a general term used for asexual fungi which produce conidia in fruiting bodies: pycnidial, acervular, cupulate, pycnothyria or stromatic conidiomata. The group contains numerous plant pathogenic, saprobic and endophytic species associated with a wide range of hosts. Traditionally, morphological characters and host associations have been used as criteria to identify and classify coelomycetes, and this has resulted in a poor understanding of their generic...
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Depression is a common disease that afflicts one in 6 people. Numerous hypotheses have been raised in the past decades, but the exact mechanism for depression onset remains obscure. Recently, the neuroinflammatory response and oxidative stress are being attracted more and more attention due to their roles in depression pathogenesis. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory response and oxidative stress is now considered a potential strategy for depression prevention and/or therapy. Sodium butyrate (SB)...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 757: LRRC15 Targeting in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas: Biological and Clinical Implications Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030757 Authors: Eytan Ben-Ami Raul Perret Ying Huang Félicie Courgeon Prafulla C. Gokhale Audrey Laroche-Clary Benjamin K. Eschle Valérie Velasco François Le Loarer Marie-Paule Algeo James Purcell George D. Demetri Antoine Italiano Background: LRRC15 is a member of the LRR (leucine-rich repeat) superfamily...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 756: Analysis of Dual Class I Histone Deacetylase and Lysine Demethylase Inhibitor Domatinostat (4SC-202) on Growth and Cellular and Genomic Landscape of Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030756 Authors: Mariah M. Hoffman Jessica S. Zylla Somshuvra Bhattacharya Kristin Calar Timothy W. Hartman Ratan D. Bhardwaj W. Keith Miskimins Pilar de la Puente Etienne Z. Gnimpieba Shanta M. Messerli Central nervous...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 759: Evaluation of Circulating miRNA Biomarkers of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors during Therapy and Follow-up―A Copenhagen Experience Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030759 Authors: Nina Mørup Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts Anders Juul Gedske Daugaard Kristian Almstrup New microRNA-based serum biomarkers (miRNA-367-3p, -371a-3p, -372-3p, and -373-3p) have shown great potential for the detection of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), but few studies have...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 758: MeCP2 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis by Modulating ZEB1 Transcription Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030758 Authors: Dan Luo Wei Ge Background: Recurrence and distant organ metastasis is a major cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating this phenomenon are poorly understood. MeCP2 is a key epigenetic regulator and is amplified in many types of cancer. Its role in CRC and the molecular...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 760: CRIPTO and miR-371a-3p Are Serum Biomarkers of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors and Are Detected in Seminal Plasma from Azoospermic Males Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030760 Authors: Cassy M. Spiller João Lobo Willem P. A. Boellaard Ad J. M. Gillis Josephine Bowles Leendert H. J. Looijenga miR-371a-3p is currently the most informative reported biomarker for germ cell tumors (GCTs). Another developmental-related biomarker, CRIPTO, is involved...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 755: Landscape of Mitochondria Genome and Clinical Outcomes in Stage 1 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030755 Authors: Lovely Raghav Ya-Hsuan Chang Yi-Chiung Hsu Yu-Cheng Li Chih-Yi Chen Tsung-Ying Yang Kun-Chieh Chen Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Jeng-Sen Tseng Cheng-Yen Chuang Mei-Hsuan Lee Chih-Liang Wang Huei-Wen Chen Sung-Liang Yu Sheng-Fang Su Shin-Sheng Yuan Jeremy J.W. Chen Shinn-Ying Ho...
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Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 754: Early Tumor Shrinkage as a Predictive Factor for Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Lenvatinib: A Multicenter Analysis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers12030754 Authors: Aya Takahashi Michihisa Moriguchi Yuya Seko Toshihide Shima Yasuhide Mitsumoto Hidetaka Takashima Hiroyuki Kimura Hideki Fujii Hiroki Ishikawa Yo Takaharu Hiroshi Ishiba Atsuhiro Morita Masayasu Jo Yasuyuki Nagao Masahiro...
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Abstract Work is a key contributor to quality of life and an important aspect of cancer survivorship. We call attention to current topics in cancer survivorship and work with 12 articles on cancer survivorship and work in this special section. The focus is on less studied diagnostic groups such as gastrointestinal cancer and prostate cancer, and on long-term effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment on work. Furthermore, studies are included on topics not...
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IntroductionGay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) have an increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-associated diseases, such as anal cancer and anogenital warts. A carrageenan-based lubricant could prevent HPV infection, thereby reducing the disease burden in this population. This paper describes the protocol for the Lubricant Investigation in Men to Inhibit Transmission of HPV Infection (LIMIT-HPV) study, an ongoing randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating...
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ObjectiveLung cancer is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous disease. Recent advances with targeted therapies for lung cancer with oncogenic mutations have greatly improved the prognosis for this subset of patients, yet little is known about their experiences. This study aimed to identify the needs and explore the healthcare experiences of these advanced patients with oncogenic mutation driven lung cancer. DesignQualitative interviews with patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell...
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AimsWe conducted a systematic review assessing the reporting quality of studies validating models based on machine learning (ML) for clinical diagnosis, with a specific focus on the reporting of information concerning the participants on which the diagnostic task was evaluated on. MethodMedline Core Clinical Journals were searched for studies published between July 2015 and July 2018. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles, a third reviewer resolved any discrepancies. An extraction...
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ObjectivesTo investigate the complications and survival of elderly patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who received urgent-start peritoneal dialysis (USPD) or urgent-start haemodialysis (USHD), and to explore the value of peritoneal dialysis (PD) as the emergent dialysis method for elderly patients with ESRD. DesignRetrospective cohort study. SettingTwo tertiary care hospitals in Shanghai, China. ParticipantsChinese patients (n=542) >65 years of age with estimated glomerular filtration...
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ObjectiveThis paper aims to understand spatial and temporal trends in pregabalin prescribing and the relationship with deprivation across England at both general practice and clinical commissioning group (CCG) levels. DesignA set of 207 independent generalised additive models are employed to model the spatiotemporal trend of pregabalin prescribed and dispensed per 1000 population, adjusting for deprivation. The response variable is pregabalin prescribed in milligrams, with weighted Index of Multiple...
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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to develop an econometric model for the cost of treatment of paediatric malaria from a patient perspective in a resource scarce rural setting of Homa Bay County, Kenya. We sought to investigate the main contributors as well as the contribution of non-user fee payments to the total household cost of care. Costs were measured from a patient perspective. DesignThe study was conducted as a health facility based cross sectional survey targeting paediatric patients....
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IntroductionArm weakness is a common problem after stroke (affecting 450 000 people in the UK) leading to loss of independence. Repetitive activity is critical for recovery but research shows people struggle with knowing what or how much to do, and keeping track of progress. Working with more than 100 therapists (occupational therapists and physiotherapists) and patients with stroke, we codeveloped the OnTrack intervention—consisting of software for smart devices and coaching support—that has the...
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ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of acute respiratory failure in all hospitalised patients based on admission serum ionised calcium. DesignA retrospective cohort study. SettingA tertiary referral hospital in Rochester, Minnesota, USA. ParticipantsAll hospitalised patients who had serum ionised calcium measurement within 24 hours of hospital admission from January 2009 to December 2013. Patients who were mechanically ventilated at admission were excluded. PredictorsAdmission...
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IntroductionClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are designed to reduce inappropriate clinical variation and improve the quality of care. Barriers to CPGs include a lack of awareness of CPGs, access to them, time pressures and concerns regarding the evidence underpinning CPG development, implementation and dissemination. The objectives of this study are to assess clinicians’ attitudes to CPGs for cancer treatment and the perceived barriers to and facilitators of CPG adherence in order to inform the...
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ObjectivesTo understand who are the participants in the decision-making process about the location of care of the elderly. DesignSystematic review of qualitative studies. Data sourcesThe following databases were consulted: Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO and SciELO (from the beginning until 29 November 2017). The bibliographical references in the studies that were finally included in the review were also searched. Study selectionThe studies had to deal with the decision-making...
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Abstract Background Reimbursement systems that contribute to the cooperation and integration of providers have become increasingly important within the healthcare sector. Reimbursement systems not only serve as payment mechanisms but also provide control and incentive functions. Thus, the design of reimbursement systems is extremely important. Objectives ...
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Abstract Aim This mini-review aims to analyse the diagnostic performance and the prognostic role of FDG PET/CT performed at staging in anal cancer patients by the analysis of published literature. Materials and methods A comprehensive computer literature search of studies published on PubMed/Medline database in the last 10 years was carried out. Sensitivity...
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