Genes, Vol. 11, Pages 298: Population Genetic Structure is Unrelated to Shell Shape, Thickness and Organic Content in European Populations of the Soft-Shell Clam Mya Arenaria Genes doi: 10.3390/genes11030298 Authors: De Noia Telesca Vendrami Gokalp Charrier Harper Hoffman The soft-shell clam Mya arenaria is one of the most ancient invaders of European coasts and is present in many coastal ecosystems, yet little is known about its genetic structure in Europe....
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Genes, Vol. 11, Pages 295: The Role of MicroRNAs in Muscle Tissue Development in Beef Cattle Genes doi: 10.3390/genes11030295 Authors: Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza Nurgulsim Kaster Rajwali Khan Sameh A. Abdelnour Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack Asmaa F. Khafaga Ayman Taha Husein Ohran Ayman A. Swelum Nicola M. Schreurs Linsen Zan In this review, we highlight information on microRNA (miRNA) identification and functional characterization in the beef for muscle and carcass...
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Genes, Vol. 11, Pages 296: Standards for Methods Utilizing Environmental DNA for Detection of Fish Species Genes doi: 10.3390/genes11030296 Authors: Shu Ludwig Peng Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques are gaining attention as cost-effective, non-invasive strategies for acquiring information on fish and other aquatic organisms from water samples. Currently, eDNA approaches are used to detect specific fish species and determine fish community diversity. Various protocols used...
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Genes, Vol. 11, Pages 294: Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Variation in Drosophila Sleep Using a Multiparental QTL Mapping Resource Genes doi: 10.3390/genes11030294 Authors: Brittny R. Smith Stuart J. Macdonald There is considerable variation in sleep duration, timing and quality in human populations, and sleep dysregulation has been implicated as a risk factor for a range of health problems. Human sleep traits are known to be regulated by genetic factors, but also by an array of...
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Genes, Vol. 11, Pages 297: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Disruption of Fibroblast Growth Factor 5 in Rabbits Results in a Systemic Long Hair Phenotype by Prolonging Anagen Genes doi: 10.3390/genes11030297 Authors: Yuxin Xu Hongmei Liu Huilin Pan Xinyue Wang Yuxin Zhang Bing Yao Nannan Li Liangxue Lai Zhanjun Li Hair growth and morphology are generally regulated by the hair cycle in mammals. Fibroblast Growth Factor 5 (FGF5), which is a hair cycle regulator, has a role...
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Summary Background Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have a fundamental role in cancer. Sequestering FGFs with GSK3052230 (FP-1039) blocks their ability to activate FGFRs while avoiding toxicities associated with small molecule inhibitors of FGFR, including hyperphosphatemia and retinal, nail, and skin toxicities. Methods A multicenter, open-label, phase Ib study evaluated weekly GSK3052230 added to pemetrexed/cisplatin in patients with treatment-naive, unresectable malignant...
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Summary Intrinsic chemoresistance is the main reason for the failure of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) therapy. To identify the candidate protein, we compared the protein expression profiling of PDAC cells and its distinct surviving cells following primary treatment with gemcitabine (GEM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry or mass spectrometry. A total of 20 differentially expressed...
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Summary Objectives Cardamonin (CD), an active chalconoid, has been extensively studied in a wide variety of human tumors. However, the effects and underlying mechanism of cardamonin on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unclear. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of cardamonin on 5-FU-resistant GC cells and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential. Methods The antitumor activities of cardamonin, 5-FU...
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Summary Tetrahydropyridinol derivatives were recently reported to exhibit good biological activities, and the incorporation of fluorine into organic molecules may have profound effects on their physical and biological properties. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer activities of six fluorinated tetrahydropyridinol derivatives that we synthesized previously. We found that only one compound, 3,3-difluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,6-diphenyl-5-tosyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-ol, showed...
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Summary The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway plays central roles in cancer cell growth and survival. Drug repurposing strategies have provided a valuable approach for developing antitumor drugs. Zelnorm (tegaserod maleate) was originally designed as an agonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor (5-HT4R) and approved by the FDA for treating irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Through the use of a high-throughput...
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Summary Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive human brain tumor, and GBM stem cells (GSC) may be responsible for its recurrence and therapeutic resistance. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize multiple ligands (endogenous and pathogen-associated) and trigger the immune response of mature immune cells, are also expressed by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, where their activation results in the differentiation of these cells into myeloid cells. Since...
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Summary Activating FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associate with inferior outcomes. We determined that pacritinib, a JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor, has in vitro activity against FLT3-ITD and tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations. Therefore, we conducted a phase I study of pacritinib in combination with chemotherapy in AML patients with FLT3 mutations to determine the pharmacokinetics and preliminary toxicity and clinical activity....
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Summary Entrectinib is a pan-tyrosine-kinase inhibitor that targets oncogenic rearrangements in NTRK, ROS1 and ALK. The combined results of two clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of entrectinib in ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. Because the development of drug resistance is inevitable, it would be helpful to determine the mechanisms of entrectinib resistance in a ROS1-rearranged tumor model so that future therapeutic strategies can be developed. Here, we characterized the molecular...
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Summary Purpose SM-88 (D,L-alpha-metyrosine; racemetyrosine) is a novel anti-cancer agent, used with melanin, phenytoin, and sirolimus (SMK Therapy). This pilot first-in-human study characterized the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of SMK Therapy in subjects with advanced metastatic cancer. Methods All subjects (n = 30) received SMK Therapy for an initial 6 week Cycle (5 days on, 2 off per week) and continued if well tolerated. Safety signals, clinical response, overall survival,...
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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Diagnose einer Krebserkrankung geht immer mit einer Lebensbedrohung einher und fordert deshalb besonders viel vom Entscheider. Für Patienten bedeutet dies, Entscheidungen unter hoher emotionaler Belastung zu fällen. Auf der anderen Seite können medizinische Fakten limitierend auf die Entscheidungsfreiheit einwirken. In der Interaktion mit dem Patienten bedeutet dies für das ärztliche Handeln häufig eine...
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Biomolecules, Vol. 10, Pages 434: Improved Protocol for the Production of the Low-Expression Eukaryotic Membrane Protein Human Aquaporin 2 in Pichia pastoris for Solid-State NMR Biomolecules doi: 10.3390/biom10030434 Authors: Munro de Vlugt Ladizhansky Brown Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) is a powerful biophysical technique for studies of membrane proteins; it requires the incorporation of isotopic labels into the sample. This is usually accomplished through...
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Biomolecules, Vol. 10, Pages 433: Kinetic Study of the Biodegradation of Acephate by Indigenous Soil Bacterial Isolates in the Presence of Humic Acid and Metal Ions Biomolecules doi: 10.3390/biom10030433 Authors: Singh Kumar Singla Sharma Singh Prasad Thakur Singh Many bacteria have the potential to use specific pesticides as a source of carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen and sulphur. Acephate degradation by microbes is considered to be a safe and effective method....
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Abstract Modulation of the ageing process by dietary restriction (DR) across multiple taxa is well established. While the exact mechanism through which DR acts remains elusive, the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulphide (H2S) may play an important role. We employed a comparative-type approach using females from three ILSXISS recombinant inbred mouse strains previously reported to show differential lifespan responses following 40% DR. Following long-term (10 months) 40% DR, strain TejJ89—reported...
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