The small GTPases H, K, and NRAS are molecular switches indispensable for proper regulation of cellular proliferation and growth. Several mutations in the genes encoding members of this protein family are associated with cancer and result in aberrant activation of signaling processes caused by a deregulated recruitment of downstream effector proteins. In this study, we engineered variants of the Ras-binding domain (RBD) of the C-Raf proto-oncogene, Ser/Thr kinase (CRAF). These variants bound with...
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Group A flavin-dependent monooxygenases catalyze the cleavage of the oxygen–oxygen bond of dioxygen, followed by the incorporation of one oxygen atom into the substrate molecule with the aid of NADPH and FAD. These flavoenzymes play an important role in many biological processes, and their most distinct structural feature is the choreographed motions of flavin, which typically adopts two distinct conformations (OUT and IN) to fulfill its function. Notably, these enzymes seem to have evolved a delicate...
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Many members of the C-type lectin family of glycan-binding receptors have been ascribed roles in the recognition of microorganisms and serve as key receptors in the innate immune response to pathogens. Other mammalian receptors have become targets through which pathogens enter target cells. These receptor roles have often been documented with binding studies involving individual pairs of receptors and microorganisms. To provide a systematic overview of interactions between microbes and the large...
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a rapidly rising problem in the 21st century and is a leading cause of chronic liver disease that can lead to end-stage liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Despite this rising epidemic, no pharmacological treatment has yet been established to treat this disease. The rapidly increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its aggressive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), requires novel therapeutic approaches to prevent...
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Exogenous and endogenous chemicals can react with DNA to produce DNA lesions that may block DNA replication. Not much is known about the roles of polymerase (Pol) ν and Pol θ in translesion synthesis (TLS) in cells. Here we examined the functions of these two polymerases in bypassing major-groove O6-alkyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (O6-alkyl-dG) and minor-groove N2-alkyl-dG lesions in human cells, where the alkyl groups are ethyl, n-butyl (nBu), and, for O6-alkyl-dG, pyridyloxobutyl. We found that Pol ν and...
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VOLUME 294 (2019) PAGES 11840–11852In this study on mitotic mRNA translation, the authors report on cloned HeLa cell lines that were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 EIF4EBP1 knockout and then stable substitutions with either the EIF4EBP1 WT or codon S83A mutations. During cell line verification surveillance performed after publication, the authors found that 293T cells had been used instead of HeLa cells and were mislabeled (both HeLa and 293T cell lines had been initially targeted for EIF4EBP1 knockout)....
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Cosmetics, Vol. 7, Pages 22: Simil-Microfluidic Nanotechnology in Manufacturing of Liposomes as Hydrophobic Antioxidants Skin Release Systems Cosmetics doi: 10.3390/cosmetics7020022 Authors: Sabrina Bochicchio Annalisa Dalmoro Veronica De Simone Paolo Bertoncin Gaetano Lamberti Anna Angela Barba Novel nanotechnologies represent the most attractive and innovative tools to date exploited by cosmetic companies to improve the effectiveness of their formulations....
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Abstract Background With advances in diagnostic imaging such as ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and 99mTc-MIBI-sestamibi (MIBI) scintigraphy, localized diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) has become possible with considerable accuracy. However, even with the use of these imaging techniques, since intrathyroid parathyroid tumors exist as a mass within the thyroid, it is often difficult to distinguish from thyroid...
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Abstract Purpose of Review Discuss optimal conditions for the office delivery of allergy immunotherapy with regard to medical personnel supervision and techniques for sterility of antigen vial preparation and delivery. Recent Findings The revised USP 797 pharmaceutical compounding guidelines, combined with allergen extract preparation directions provide clear...
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Abstract Asthma is a chronic immunological disease affecting all age groups, but often starting in childhood. Although it has long been ascribed to a single pathology, recent studies have highlighted its heterogeneity due to the potential involvement of various pathogenic mechanisms. Here, we present our current understanding of the role of innate-like T (ILT) cells in asthma pathogenesis. These cells constitute a specific family mainly comprising γδT, invariant natural killer...
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Abstract Minipigs have been proposed as animal model to study the subcutaneous (SC) absorption of monoclonal antibodies (mAb), because they are more translatable to humans than other species. However, the minipig SC tissue structure differs markedly depending on its location. This study explored different SC administration sites for mAb SC administration, to explore which site translates best to humans. The study assessed the SC absorption of tocilizumab (Actemra®) following...
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Abstract This document highlights some relevant factors in the assessment of immunogenicity risk of fusion protein therapeutics. Our aim is to highlight specific risks associated with this type of molecule, while also aligning with general risk assessment factors, through a hypothetical case study, where the therapeutic molecule of interest is a Receptor-Fc Fusion protein (RFF) expressed within a typical manufacturing process in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO). Given that...
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Abstract Objectives To assess the status of health services provision of public tertiary dental hospitals during the COVID-19 epidemic in China and to evaluate the regional difference of telehealth. Materials and methods The health services provision of public tertiary dental hospitals in China mainland during the COVID-19 epidemic was inquired. The status...
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Abstract Objective This is the second part of a report on tooth loss in Germany 1997–2030. Here, we describe trends in the prevalence of edentulism in seniors 1997–2014, assess predictive factors for edentulism, and projected it into 2030. Material and methods We used data from three waves of the cross-sectional, multi-center, nationwide representative German...
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Jiji V Unni, Deepak Daryani, KC Sreejan, PM UthkalInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):140-142 Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) is one of the autosomal dominant-inherited syndromes, caused by haploinsufficiency of the GLI3 gene. It is a rare, multiple congenital syndrome with an estimated rate of 0.009%. With the classic clinical triad of preaxial polydactyly with cutaneous syndactyly of at least one limb, hypertelorism, and macrocephaly, presumptive...
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Dinesh Kumar Badyal, Monika SharmaInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):68-75 Assessment is a pivotal element of competency-based curriculum. The implementation of competency-based undergraduate medical curriculum in India requires proper implementation of updates in assessment for which universities, colleges, and teachers need to plan and design internal assessment (IA) modules as well as guidelines. IA provides opportunity to assess many competencies and hence...
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Dinesh Kumar Badyal, Rajiv MahajanInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):128-130 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The United States Food and Drug Administration has not approved any drug or vaccine for the treatment of COVID-19; however, reports have emerged from different parts of the world about the potential therapeutic benefits of existing drugs. Chloroquine and phosphate hydroxychloroquine are...
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Kanika Singroha, Abhishek Banerjee, VV Kamath, J Pramod, Saha Alangkar, E ElampovaiInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):76-80 Background: Human teeth resist decomposition to the maximum and has immense potential to serve as hard-tissue counterpart to dermatoglyphics in forensic odontology. Ameloglyphics is the science of recording and analyzing the tooth print. Aims and Objectives: To assess the scope of viability, reproducibility, and identification of enamel...
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Shikha Singh, Samarth Shukla, Ashok Singh, Sourya Acharya, RP Kadu, Arvind BhakeInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):117-121 Introduction: Breast malignancy is a hormone-dependent tumor. The hormone receptor status in the primary tumor is required while taking decision for starting adjuvant therapy. The estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status is also an important prognostic marker. Materials and Methods: All modified radical mastectomy cases...
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Zeina Soayfane, Bilal Houshaymi, Mamdouh H Kedees, Laurent Belec, Nadine NasreddineInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):81-85 Introduction: The present study reported a new immunoblot assay, with revelation by R5- or X4-whole free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles or recombinant gp160. Materials and Methods: The assay was optimized to identify cell proteins interacting with HIV. Whole cell lysates were prepared from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs),...
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Yashodeep Chauhan, Sandhya Jain, Madhu Singh Ratre, Shaleen Khetarpal, Manish VarmaInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):134-136 Inadequate oral hygiene is the root cause of the initiation and establishment of the periodontal disease. Dental calculus serves as plaque retentive area, thereby contributing to gingivitis and periodontitis. The present unusual case is of a 55-year-old female patient reported to the department of periodontology with a chief complaint...
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Alosha Sharma, Dakshina Bisht, Shukla Das, Gargi Rai, Shyama Dutt, VK AroraInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):86-90 Background: Raised incidences of respiratory tract infections due to fungal agents in immunocompetent individuals are a cause of concern due to the unavailability of rapid diagnostic methods. Materials and Methods: Sputum and serum samples were collected from patients having lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), serum samples were screened...
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Sahiba Kukreja, Rohit Arora, Rajiv Mahajan, Tejinder SinghInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):65-67
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Shilpi Rajiv Daveshwar, Sonali Vinod Kapoor, Meena Rajiv Daveshwar, International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):91-96 Context: Radiotherapy leads to radiation-induced caries. There is limited knowledge about the quantification of cariogenic bacteria in the saliva of irradiated cancer patients. Objective: The aim of this study is to check salivary pH, flow rate, and the assessment of Streptococcus mutans in the saliva of irradiated oral and laryngeal cancer patients...
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Ayman El-Menyar, Hassan Al-Thani, Tulika Mehta, Betsy Varughese, Yousuf Al-Maslamani, Ahammed Abdulla Mekkodathil, Rajvir SinghInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):122-127 Background: Organ transplantation is considered as the last therapeutic option for the treatment for end-stage organ failure. However, the gap between the demand and supply of transplantable organs is still wide. Extensive researches have been conducted to understand this gap, and many countries...
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Sahana Hadihalli Veeregowda, Bhuvana Krishnaswamy, Sharath Balakrishna, International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):97-101 Background: Warfarin, anticoagulant is used for thromboembolic disorders. Inter-individual variation in clinical response to warfarin is due to various factors, including polymorphism of Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1)-1639G>A. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of VKORC1 polymorphism on the maintenance dose of warfarin....
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Syed Rehan Hafiz DaimiInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):131-133 Unilateral ectopic eruption in an infratemporal region (ITR) is rare and hardly documented a couple of times. However, the bilateral third molar in the ITR presented here is rarely described. ITR has a complex anatomy and is a house of many vital structures. Ectopic eruption of a tooth in this region may manifest in different ways depending on the effected anatomical structure. In this article,...
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Israel Abebrese Sefah, Archibald Okotah, Daniel Kwame Afriyie, Seth Kwabena AmponsahInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):102-109 Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health problem in many countries including Ghana. Adherence to drugs, especially among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often poor is some resource-poor settings. The objective of this study was to assess adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs and factors that affect adherence...
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Mohan Rudrappa, Laxmi KokatnurInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):137-139 Hemoptysis is one of the most common reasons for seeking emergency care. Infections and malignancy are the leading causes of hemoptysis although caused by various other pulmonary and extrapulmonary conditions. Most causes are self-limiting and do not warrant any aggressive investigation. Endobronchial telangiectasia can rarely cause hemoptysis and is seen in patients with hemorrhagic hereditary...
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Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Amir Abdolmaleki, Cyrus Jalili, Arash Ziapoor, Shiva RoshankhahInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):110-116 Background: Petroselinum crispum (P. Crispum) is an associate of the umbelliferae family with several therapeutic attributes. Morphine is known as a major risk factor in the development of functional disorder of several organs. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of P. Crispum extract against morphine-induced...
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Laxma Reddy Sattavarapu, Narendra Kumar Narahari, Deepika Shree Balaram, Anu Kapoor, GK ParamjyothiInternational Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research 2020 10(2):143-146 Mediastinal masses are commonly encountered in clinical practice. The commonly encountered anterior mediastinal masses include those of thymic or thyroid origin, teratomas, and lymphoma. Establishing the diagnosis by histopathology is essential considering the wide range of differential diagnosis and to exclude malignancies....
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