Related ArticlesPhysiological changes in the size of the septal swell body correlate with changes in inferior turbinate size. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 03;:1-5 Authors: Wong EH, Noussair M, Hasan Z, Duvnjak M, Singh N Abstract OBJECTIVE: The nasal septal swell body is a normal anatomical structure located in the superior nasal septum anterior to the middle turbinate. However, the impact of the septal swell body in nasal breathing during normal function...
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Related ArticlesMagnetic resonance imaging of Ménière's disease: early clinical experience in a UK centre. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 03;:1-9 Authors: Pai I, Mendis S, Murdin L, Touska P, Connor S Abstract BACKGROUND: Recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging have enabled demonstration of endolymphatic hydrops, and the clinical application of these imaging studies in Ménière's disease is being explored. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate our centre's...
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Related ArticlesContact endoscopy for detection of residual or recurrent disease after radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 02;:1-6 Authors: Kumar S, Mishra AK, Galagali JR, Sethi A, Malik A Abstract OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate contact endoscopy in detecting local treatment failures post-radiotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. ...
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Related ArticlesArtificial intelligence to detect tympanic membrane perforations. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 02;:1-5 Authors: Habib AR, Wong E, Sacks R, Singh N Abstract OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of constructing a proof-of-concept artificial intelligence algorithm to detect tympanic membrane perforations, for future application in under-resourced rural settings. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of otoscopic images analysed...
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Related ArticlesRed-green-blue analysis of nasal mucosa discolouration in allergic rhinitis. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 02;:1-6 Authors: Degirmenci N, Dogan R, Tugrul S, Senturk E, Toprak A, Ozturan O Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the colour values of nasal mucosa for the purpose of presenting an objective parameter of allergic rhinitis. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with allergic rhinitis (allergy group) and 73 normal healthy individuals...
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Related ArticlesIsolated pituitary fossa metastasis from a primary tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma: case report. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 01;:1-3 Authors: Merchant H, Rye DS, Smith JA Abstract OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a case of an isolated pituitary fossa metastasis on a background of a previously treated tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. CASE REPORT: A 64-year-old male, diagnosed with a primary p16-negative squamous cell carcinoma...
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Related ArticlesAn artificial intelligence algorithm that identifies middle turbinate pneumatisation (concha bullosa) on sinus computed tomography scans. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr 01;:1-4 Authors: Parmar P, Habib AR, Mendis D, Daniel A, Duvnjak M, Ho J, Smith M, Roshan D, Wong E, Singh N Abstract OBJECTIVE: Convolutional neural networks are a subclass of deep learning or artificial intelligence that are predominantly used for image analysis and classification....
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Abstract Background Noncardiac chest pain often coexists with dysphagia in patients diagnosed with achalasia. The current standard treatment for achalasia, laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication, has an insufficient effect on noncardiac chest pain. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of circumferential Heller myotomy on esophageal chest pain in patients with achalasia. ...
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Abstract Background With the recent improvement of medical image analysis technology, three-dimensional (3D) holograms technology is beginning to be used as intraoperative image support. Case presentation We used a wearable holographic computer during thoracoscopic esophagectomy in a 70-year-old man with esophageal cancer. During lymph node dissection around...
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Abstract Background Previous studies have shown similar rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, treated with P2Y12 inhibitors based on genotype guidance compared to standard treatment. However, given lower than expected event rates, these studies were underpowered to assess hard outcomes. We sought to systematically analyze this evidence using pooled data from multiple studies. Methods Electronic databases were searched for studies...
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Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods A total of 242 patients who underwent TAVR were retrospectively reviewed. Transthoracic echocardiography estimated PASP. The cohorts were divided into three groups according to the numerical change of PASP; Increased (post‐TAVR PASP at 1 month minus pre‐TAVR PASP, ≥ + 5 mmHg; n = 52), No change (−5 to +5 mmHg; n...
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Abstract Objective To create an experimental chronic total occlusion (CTO) model with calcification by dietary modification (cholesterol, calcium carbonate, vitamin D) and local injection of pro‐calcification factors (dipotassium phosphate, calcium chloride, and bone morphogenetic protein‐2 [BMP‐2]). Background Percutaneous revascularization of CTOs frequently fails in heavily calcified occlusions. Development of novel approaches requires a reproducible preclinical model of calcified...
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Abstract Aim The TAXCO study was designed to compare the degree of neointimal coverage and the prevalence of malapposition at 6 months subsequent to implantation of ultrathin biodegradable polymer‐coated sirolimus‐eluting stents (SES) and durable polymer‐coated everolimus‐eluting stents (EES) of thin strut thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods The TAXCO study included a total of 42 patients who gave consent and underwent OCT examination between August 2017 and...
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Abstract Purpose of Review The review provides an update on the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). Recent Findings Diagnostic challenges exist in better defining CLE as an independent disease distinct from systemic lupus erythematosus with cutaneous features and further classifying CLE based...
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Abstract Purpose of Review Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is one of the rarest and least understood causes of pulmonary hemorrhage in children. Illustrated by a complex case presentation, we discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathology, proposed etiologies, and treatment of this rare disease. We also compare IPH with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody syndrome (anti-GBM disease), another rare causes...
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Abstract Background Several studies have indicated that older adults with cognitive impairment have a poorer lifestyle than their healthy peers including lower 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels (25OHD). Aim To investigate the associations between lifestyle and 25OHD depending on cognitive status among old adults. ...
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Abstract Background Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the world. Aims We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to investigate the changes in the incidence, treatment patterns, and outcomes of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in octogenarians and older from...
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Abstract The infiltration of naïve tissues by myeloid cells has been long related to their clearance and the physiological cell turnover, however, increasing evidence shows that they can additionally fulfill specific, non-immune functions in different tissues. There is also growing evidence to support that infiltrated granulocytes and monocytes respond to different environments by modulating gene expression and cytokine production, which in turn contribute to the normal function...
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Abstract Melanocortin hormone system plays a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of our body via their neuro-immune-endocrine activities and regulates a diverse array of physiological functions, including melanogenesis, inflammation, immunomodulation, adrenocortical steroidogenesis, hemodynamics, natriuresis, energy homeostasis, sexual function, and exocrine secretion. The pathobiologic actions of all melanocortins are conveyed by melanocortin receptors. As the last melanocortin...
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Abstract Background Skeletal muscle is relatively uncommon site for metastasis in head and neck primary. This study was conducted to report our experience of three such cases and analyze the previously reported cases to assess the overall outcomes and formulate a treatment plan for these patients. Methods We pooled the data extracted on extensive literature...
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Abstract Event‐related potential studies of emotional processing have focused on the late positive potential (LPP), a sustained positive deflection in the ERP that is increased for emotionally arousing stimuli. A prominent theory suggests that modulation of the LPP is a response to stimulus significance, defined in terms of the activation of appetitive and aversive motivational systems. The current review incorporates experimental studies showing that manipulations that alter the significance of...
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Juvenile red tilapia were experimentally injected with 108 colony‐forming units of Streptococcus agalactiae serotype III; all the infected fish displayed swimming errors. Histopathology of the whole brain of red tilapia, including meninx primitiva, forebrain, midbrain, cerebellum, and brainstem, was studied. The results showed the infiltration of bacteria and mononuclear cells into the brain parenchyma and associated meninx primitiva. Moreover, neuronal necrosis and localized spongiform histopathology...
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The present study represents: the second report for describing Spauligodon aspiculus infecting the white‐spotted gecko, Tarentola annularis, in Egypt; the first molecular phylogenetic study demonstrating unique genetic sequences for this Spauligodon species. Abstract Thirty white‐spotted geckos, Tarentola annularis, from the South Sinai desert in Egypt, were examined for helminth parasites. Spauligodon aspiculus was observed to infect 19 geckos with 63.33% as a prevalence of parasitic infection....
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Our results confirm the presence of ancestral structures in snakes, which is here shown by the lacrimal primordium. The ancestral lacrimal bone primordium is observed as a ventral element at the early stages of prefrontal development Abstract Ontogenetic studies are crucial for understanding functional morphology, origin and adaptation of skulls in vertebrates. However, very few studies have so far released complete embryonic series focusing on skull embryonic development in species showing diverse...
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A complete review collating the currently available data on mitral valve morphometry, which specifies correlations between dimensions, mathematical models used to represent the valve, and how these can define changes in shape occurring with disease. Abstract The mitral valve is a complex anatomical structure whose physiological functioning relies on the biomechanical properties and structural integrity of its components. Their compromise can lead to mitral valve dysfunction, associated with morbidity...
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Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy to create a 3D reconstruction of endothelial cells. Interendothelial protrusions were observed originating from a donor endothelial cell and tunnelling inside a recipient endothelial cell. These structures constitute a novel intercellular connection. Abstract The placental microvasculature is a conduit for fetal blood allowing solute exchange between the mother and the fetus. Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy (SBF SEM) allows ultrastructure...
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Abstract With the recognition that most global environmental problems are a result of human actions, there is an increasing interest in approaches which have the potential to influence human behaviour. Images have a powerful role in shaping persuasive messages, yet research on the impacts of visual representations of nature is a neglected area in biodiversity conservation. We systematically screened existing studies on the use of animal imagery in conservation, identifying 37...
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Abstract Background: Warfarin is a high-risk medicine, and older persons (those aged 65 years and older)1,2 who take this therapy need medicines information about it that is at a level which is both understandable and comprehensive to improve their knowledge about the risks and benefits of warfarin therapy.3,4 Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to report patient feedback on a Warfarin Action Plan...
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Abstract Neuroblastoma represents 8–10% of all childhood cancer cases and is responsible for 15% of all cancer-related deaths in infants. Even though patients with low- and intermediate-risk disease have a good prognosis, the 5-year survival rate of the vast majority of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma is 50%. Despite extensive research efforts to find a cure for neuroblastoma, current treatment options are still limited. The aim of our study was to identify novel therapeutic...
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Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genodermatosis caused by heterozygous germ line variations in the NF1 gene. A second‐hit NF1 aberration results in the formation of café‐au‐lait macules, cutaneous neurofibroma and plexiform neurofibroma (PNF). Mosaic NF1 (mNF1), caused by a postzygotic NF1 mutation, is characterized by localized or generalized NF1‐related manifestations. Although NF1 and mNF1 are associated with pigmentary skin lesions, clinically recognizable melanocytic nevi that...
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Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the role of sensory nerve in tooth homeostasis and its effect on mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) in dental pulp. Materials and methods We established the rat denervated incisor models to identify the morphological and histological changes of tooth. The groups were as follows: IANx (inferior alveolar nerve section), SCGx (superior cervical ganglion removal), IANx + SCGx and Sham group. The biological behaviour of dental...
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Bhavik Champaneri, Prashant Agrawal, Mayank Jain, Tarun Parmar, Krutika PatelHeart India 2020 8(1):26-29 Context: Heterotaxy syndrome is a disorder that involves abnormal lateralization of the abdominal viscera, thoracic organs, and cardiac atria. The objective was to compare the frequency of morphologic profile of congenital heart defects associated with right isomerism and left isomerism in the Western Indian population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted...
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Sheeba George, Prannoy George Mathen, Pratheesh George MathenHeart India 2020 8(1):17-20 Context: Hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood. It is a prevalent condition in chronic heart failure, describing increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Although there is evidence that serum uric acid predicts mortality in chronic heart failure, its role as a prognostic marker in acute heart failure had not yet been well assessed in the Indian population. Aims: In this study,...
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Akshyaya Pradhan, Monika Bhandari, B SnigdhaHeart India 2020 8(1):3-8 In the present era, percutaneous coronary intervention is being done for various types of coronary lesions worldwide. However, calcified and fibrotic lesions have remained a major challenge in coronary interventions. Conventionally, cutting balloon and rotational atherectomy have been being used in calcified and fibrotic lesions. Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) has emerged as a new alternative to deal with this type...
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Sharad Chandra, Gaurav Chaudhary, Varun Shankar Narain, Sudhanshu Kumar Dwivedi, Akhil SharmaHeart India 2020 8(1):9-12 Aim: The study aimed to propose the ratio of central blood pressure:peripheral blood pressure as a novel index to predict cardiovascular risk. We additionally attempted to determine the impact of beta-blocker therapy on this ratio. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, single-centre study conducted between August 2019__ and December 2019. A total of 102 patients undergoing...
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Ajitkumar Jadhav, Deepak Sadashiv Phalgune, Suhas HardasHeart India 2020 8(1):21-25 Background: Functional flow reserve (FFR) is used to determine functional significance of coronary artery stenosis. FFR demonstrated discrepancy between angiographic and functional significance of jailed side branches (JSBs) as well as moderate in-stent restenosis (ISR), with only minority of such lesions having functional significance. An attempt was made to study the utility of FFR and comparison of FFR with single-photon...
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