Objective. This meta-analysis aimed at exploring the predictive value of CHA2DS2-VASc score for the left atrial thrombus (LAT) or left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LASEC) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Chinese core journals of the CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched to identify all the relevant papers that were published up to January 2020. The data were extracted for pooled odds ratios...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 19:05
Mitochondria play an essential role in energy metabolism. Oxygen deprivation can poison cells and generate a chain reaction due to the free radical release. In patients with sepsis, the kidneys tend to be the organ primarily affected and the proximal renal tubules are highly susceptible to energy metabolism imbalances. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is an essential regulator of mitochondrial fission. Few studies have confirmed the role and mechanism of DRP1 in acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 18:35
Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is often implemented by an iterative filter bank; hence, a lake of optimization of a discrete time basis is observed with respect to time localization for a constant number of zero moments. This paper discusses and presents an improved form of DWT for feature extraction, called Slantlet transform (SLT) along with neutrosophy, a generalization of fuzzy logic, which is a relatively new logic. Thus, a novel composite NS-SLT model has been suggested as a source to derive...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 18:20
Liver fibrosis is an intrinsic repair process of chronic injury with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. As an early stage of various liver diseases, liver fibrosis is a reversible pathological process. Therefore, if not being controlled in time, liver fibrosis will evolve into cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. It has been demonstrated that hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a crucial role in the formation of liver fibrosis. In particular, the activation of HSCs is a key step...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 18:05
Background. To correlate body weight, body mass index (BMI), and water-equivalent diameter () and to assess size-specific dose estimates (SSDEs) based on body weight and BMI for chest and abdomen-pelvic CT examinations. Methods. An in-house program was used to calculate , size-dependent conversion factor (), and SSDE for 1178 consecutive patients undergoing chest and abdomen-pelvic CT examinations. Associations among body weight, BMI, and were determined, and linear equations were generated using...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 09:05
To Align Multimodal Lumbar Spine Images via Bending Energy Constrained Normalized Mutual Information
To align multimodal images is important for information fusion, clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and delivery, while few methods have been dedicated to matching computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images of lumbar spine. This study proposes a coarse-to-fine registration framework to address this issue. Firstly, a pair of CT-MR images are rigidly aligned for global positioning. Then, a bending energy term is penalized into the normalized mutual information for the local...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 08:35
Objectives. Carbon-based nanomaterials have gained attention in the field of biomedicine in recent years, especially for the treatment of complicated diseases such as cancer. Here, we report a novel carbon-based nanomaterial, named carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which has potential for cancer therapy. We performed a systematic study on the effects of CQDs on the osteosarcoma 143B cell line in vitro and in vivo. Methods. Cell counting assay, the neutral red assay, lactic dehydrogenase assay, and fluorescein...
Sat Jul 11, 2020 08:35
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Fri Jul 10, 2020 11:35
It has been established that the innate and adaptive immune suppression was heterogeneous in septic and nonseptic critically ill patients, while the value of immune function in pediatric patients with nonseptic critical illness is limited. We conducted a single-center retrospective study to explore this issue. A total of 65 children with nonseptic illnesses were studied for lymphocyte subpopulations, immunoglobulin concentrations, complement concentrations, and cytokines in peripheral blood in the...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 11:35
Researchers have been exploring how to manage Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in a personalised way, meanwhile, assistive technologies have been developed to collect a variety of personal data. This urges more research in investigating the combination of: data collected by the care team, which are mainly qualitative; and data collected by assistive technologies, the majority of which are quantitative. Previous studies, however, have yet to explore if and how a combination...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 11:35
Novel antimicrobial agents are crucial to combat antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Choline kinase (ChoK) in bacteria catalyzes the synthesis of phosphorylcholine, which is subsequently incorporated into the cell wall or outer membrane. In certain species of bacteria, phosphorylcholine is also used to synthesize membrane phosphatidylcholine. Numerous human ChoK inhibitors (ChoKIs) have been synthesized and tested for anticancer properties. Inhibition of S. pneumoniae ChoK by human ChoKIs...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 11:35
Background. LUZP2 is a protein limitedly expressed in the brain and spinal cord, while there are few studies on it in brain tumors. Low-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common brain tumors. However, the biological behavior of LGG is not very clear at present. This study was aimed at exploring the role of LUZP2 in LGG. Methods. By data mining in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), the expression, clinical characteristics, and potential regulatory mechanism of...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 08:50
Hologic is launching in the U.S. its first cart-based breast ultrasound system, the SuperSonic MACH 40. The company touts the device as a premium ultrasound that produces high fidelity images and features a number of capabilities that improve clinical efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. Some of these features include ShearWave PLUS elastography, which produces a real-time color map of tissue stiffness as the transducer is moved across the breast, and Angio PLUS imaging, an ultrasensitive...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 19:06
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2020Source: Medical Image AnalysisAuthor(s): Clara M. Tam, Dong Zhang, Bo Chen, Terry Peters, Shuo Li
Sun Jul 12, 2020 14:27
Publication date: Available online 10 July 2020Source: Medical Image AnalysisAuthor(s): Navid Alemi Koohbanani, Mostafa Jahanifar, Neda Zamani Tajadin, Nasir Rajpoot
Sat Jul 11, 2020 20:04
Efforts to conserve marine mammals are often constrained by uncertainty over their population history. Here, we examine the evolutionary history of a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) population in the Moray Firth, northeast Scotland using genetic tools and microsatellite markers to explore population change. Previous fine-scale analysis of UK harbour seal populations revealed three clusters in the UK, with a northeastern cluster that included our Moray Firth study population. Our analysis revealed that...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Members of the Begomovirus genus are phytopathogens that infect dicotyledonous plants, producing economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions. To date, only seven species of begomoviruses (BGVs) infecting cucumber have been described. Most cucumber infections were reported in South Asia. In the Americas, begomoviral infections affecting cucumber are scarce; just one report of begomovirus has been described in South America. The presence of whitefly and typical symptoms of viral...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators that fine-tune diverse cellular activities. Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are used extensively in biomedical and pharmaceutical research; however, substantially fewer miRNAs have been identified in this species than in humans. Consequently, we investigated conserved miRNA profiles in cynomolgus macaques by homology searching and small RNA sequencing. In total, 1,455 high-confidence miRNA gene loci were identified, 408 of which were also confirmed...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Aims The study aimed to explore factors contributing to body weight change over time in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy, in order to find risk factors to implement nutritional intervention beforehand. Methods A cohort of gastric cancer patients who were treated with gastrectomy from January to March 2019 at a university affiliated hospital in Shanghai were consecutively identified in this study. Demographics,...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is the main cause of delayed graft function in solid organ transplantation. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control the expression of genes related to preconditioning against IR injury. During normoxia, HIF-α subunits are marked for degradation by the egg-laying defective nine homolog (EGLN) family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases. The inhibition of EGLN stabilizes HIFs and protects against IR injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple efforts of modelling of the geo-temporal transmissibility of the virus have been undertaken, but none describes the pandemic spread at the global level. The aim of this research is to provide a high-resolution global model of the pandemic that overcomes the problem of biased country-level data on the number of infected cases. To achieve this we propose a novel SIR-type metapopulation transmission model and a set of analytically derived...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the potential correlation between clinical outcomes and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment. Methods AIS patients treated by rtPA were enrolled between September 2018 and March 2019 in the Stroke Center (Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery), Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine. Demographics,...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Cellular heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment is essential to tumorigenesis and tumor development. A high-resolution global view of the tumor-infiltrating immune and stromal cells in breast tumors is needed. Methods xCell was used to create a cellular heterogeneity map of 64 cell types in 1,092 breast tumor and adjacent normal tissues. xCell digitally dissects tissue cellular heterogeneity based...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Plants are commonly colonized by a wide diversity of microbial species and the relationships created can range from mutualistic through to parasitic. Microorganisms that typically form symptomless associations with internal plant tissues are termed endophytes. Endophytes associate with most plant species found in natural and managed ecosystems. They are extremely important plant partners that provide improved stress tolerance to the host compared with plants that lack this symbiosis....
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Purpose We investigated the correlation between visual acuity (VA) and individual retinal layer thickness in the foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal regions of patients with an idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). Methods One hundred and five subjects presenting with unilateral idiopathic ERM were included in this study. We segmented each patient’s optical coherence tomography (OCT) image into seven layers and calculated...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Insects have several genes coding for insulin-like peptides and they have been particularly well studied in Drosophila. Some of these hormones function as growth hormones and are produced by the fat body and the brain. These act through a typical insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. Two other Drosophila insulin-like hormones are either known or suspected to act through a G-protein coupled receptor. Although insulin-related peptides are known from other insect species, Drosophila...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Background Individuals experiencing negative affect have shown response slowing, a longer latency to respond in relation to baseline, when presented with aversive stimuli. We assessed response slowing in three male gorillas housed in a bachelor group as a function of daytime and nighttime housing arrangements. Methods In both experiments, three gorillas were rewarded for touching a single image (baseline, non-threatening gorilla or threatening gorilla) on a touchscreen. In Experiment...
Fri Jul 10, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 12 July 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Curtiland Deville, Ian Cruickshank, Christina H. Chapman, Wei-Ting Hwang, Rhea Wyse, Awad A. Ahmed, Karen Winkfield, Charles R. Thomas, Iris C. Gibbs
Sun Jul 12, 2020 15:22
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Mustafa Al Balushi, Zahid Al Mandhari
Sun Jul 12, 2020 15:22
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Sarah Bergamin, Thomas Eade, Andrew Kneebone, Jeremy Booth, Edward Hsiao, Geoffrey P. Schembri, Kathryn Szymura, Andrew Le, Carol Kwong, Chris Brown, Julia Hunter, George Hruby
Sat Jul 11, 2020 19:19
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