J Neurol Surg Rep 2020; 81: e20-e27DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1695795 Objective Atlantoaxial fixation is technically demanding and challenging, especially in cases with anatomical abnormality. The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of the three-dimensional (3D)-customized guiding template for placement of C1 and C2 screws in cases with abnormalities. Method Two patients with anatomical abnormality and one without were included. The preoperative computed tomography...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg Rep 2020; 81: e15-e19DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399569 Objective Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus by implanted electrodes (deep brain stimulation [DBS]) is performed to suppress symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, postoperative wound dehiscence and infection can require removal of the implanted electrode leads. This report describes treatment of intractable unilateral wound infection in two patients without removing the DBS device. Methods First, components...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg Rep 2020; 81: e10-e14DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708846 Background Meningioma accounts for more than 35% of all diagnosed brain tumors of the central nervous system and, moreover, it is the most common benign recipient of tumor-to-tumor metastasis. Several cases with tumor-to-meningioma metastasis by breast, lung, and intestinal cancer have been described before. Case description The case of a patient with a longstanding history of multiple meningiomas (n = 4) that suddenly...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg Rep 2020; 81: e28-e32DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708845 Background and Importance We present a case of a patient with a residual intraosseous sphenoid wing meningioma presenting with proptosis, orbital pain, and monocular vision loss for 8 months who underwent decompression of the optic canal, orbital contents, and orbital reconstruction resulting in significant improvement in her vision loss with full resolution of proptosis and orbital pain. Clinical Presentation A...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 02:00
Abstract Overlapping syndromes such as Noonan, Cardio‐Facio‐Cutaneous, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines and Costello syndromes are genetically heterogeneous conditions sharing a dysregulation of the RAS/MAPK pathway and are known collectively as the RASopathies. PTPN11 was the first disease‐causing gene identified in Noonan syndrome and remains the more prevalent. We report 7 patients from 3 families presenting heterozygous missense variants in PTPN11 likely responsible for a disease...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 21:11
Abstract Pemetrexed (PEM) is a useful drug that can be combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy for treatment of patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its effects on anti‐cancer immunity, especially the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cytotoxic immune cells, have not been fully investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of PEM on the sensitivity of human NSCLC cells to two different types of cytotoxic immune cells. Pre‐treatment with PEM increased the...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 22:48
Abstract DNA double‐strand break (DSB) is a serious type of DNA damage and is known to trigger multiple responses within cells. In the responses, novel relationships among DSB, DSB repair and transcription machineries are created. First, transcription is repressed if DSB occurs near or at the transcription site, termed DSB‐induced transcriptional repression, which contributes to DSB repair with the aid of DNA damage‐signaling pathways, ATM‐ or DNA‐PKcs‐signaling pathway. DSB‐induced transcriptional...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 22:48
Summary Tumor‐infiltrating immune cells play a crucial role in tumor progression and response to treatment. However, limited studies on infiltrating immune cells have shown inconsistent and even controversial results in osteosarcoma (OS). In addition, the dynamic changes of infiltrating immune cells after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are largely unknown. We downloaded the RNA expression matrix and clinical information of 80 osteosarcoma patients from the TARGET database. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 10:58
Abstract Alternative polyadenylation (APA), which induces shortening of the 3'UTR, is emerging as an important feature in cancer development and progression. Nevertheless, the effects and mechanisms of APA‐induced 3'UTR shortening in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain largely unclear. Fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B) tended to use proximal polyadenylation site and produce shorter 3'UTR according to our previous sequencing study. Herein, we found that FNDC3B with shorter 3'UTR...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 10:58
Abstract Sunitinib, a muiti‐targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor including vascular endothelial growth factor, has been widely used as a first‐line treatment against metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, mRCC often acquires resistance to sunitinib, rendering it difficult to treat with this agent. Recently, Rapalink‐1, a drug that links rapamycin and the mTOR kinase inhibitor MLN0128, has been developed with excellent therapeutic effects against breast cancer cells carrying mTOR...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 10:58
Abstract Background Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome is a relatively common arrhythmia affecting ~1–3/1,000 individuals. Mutations in PRKAG2 have been described in rare patients in association with cardiomyopathy. However, the genetic basis of WPW in individuals with a structurally normal heart remains poorly understood. Sudden death due to atrial fibrillation (AF) can also occur in these individuals. Several studies have indicated that despite ablation of an accessory pathway, the risk...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:24
Abstract COX15 mutations were shown to underlie Leigh syndrome (LS), a progressive subacute necrotizing encephalopathy caused by defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Here, two siblings of consanguineous kindred presented in infancy with a syndrome of hypotonia, nystagmus, psychomotor retardation, and pyramidal signs. Toward the end of their second year, both patients developed progressive quadriparesis, convulsions, and pseudobulbar palsy. Similar to two previously reported cases, one...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 13:18
Abstract Background This study mainly focus on hearing loss pattern in CSOM patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery or tympanomastoidectomy pre-operatively and analysis of the outcome of the surgery in terms of improvement in hearing (air-bone gap) after 3 months of the surgery. Methodology All patients of age 15–65 years reporting to ENT OPD with...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Earlier work in our lab identified a spontaneous mutant (likesunnsupernodulator-lss) in Medicago truncatula, resulting in increased nodulation. Molecular genetic evidence indicated the phenotype was due to an unk...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Emergency laparotomy and other high-risk acute abdominal surgery procedures have a high mortality rate. The perioperative management of these patients is complex and poses several challenges. The objective of ...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract In 2016, Nikiforov et al. (JAMA Oncol 2:1023–1029, 2016) proposed replacing the term “non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma” (FVPTC) with the term “non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features” (NIFTP). In 2018, to avoid the misdiagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer as NIFTP, the authors proposed changes to the criteria for NIFTP classification. Some previous studies evaluated the impact of NIFTP on...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract The assessment of capsular invasion is an essential but challenging step in the diagnosis of encapsulated follicular thyroid neoplasms. Therefore, interobserver agreement in the assessment of capsular invasion in these tumors was investigated among 11 thyroid pathologists by using virtual slides of 20 cases in which the original diagnosis considered the differential diagnosis of definite capsular invasion versus questionable capsular invasion. The assessment of capsular...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objectives To compare clinical parameters of implants versus natural teeth over a period of five years during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Material and Methods 421 SPT‐patients were screened for implants (I) and corresponding control‐teeth (C). Data (patient‐level [P]: sex, age, smoking status, systemic diseases, adherence, oral hygiene indices, mean probing depth [PD]P, bleeding on probing [BOP]P, periodontal risk profile; implant/control tooth‐level [I/C]: PDI/C,...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 20:24
Abstract Purpose The “babysitter” procedure is a reconstruction technique for facial nerve complete paralysis and uses the movement source from the healthy facial nerve with a cross‐nerve graft. First, an end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy is performed between the affected facial nerve trunk and hypoglossal nerve for continuously delivering stimuli to the mimetic muscles for preventing the atrophy of mimetic muscles. Despite favorable clinical results, histological and physiological mechanisms remain...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 22:00
Abstract Purpose Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are hypothesized to supplement tissues with growth factors essential for regeneration and neovascularization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MSCs with respect to neoangiogenesis when seeded onto a decellularized nerve allograft in a rat sciatic nerve defect model. Methods Allograft nerves were harvested from Sprague–Dawley rats and decellularized. MSCs were obtained from Lewis rats. 10 mm sciatic...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 17:24
Biological role and clinical significance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) remain largely unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate biological function, molecular mechanism, and clinical significance of a circular R...
Mon Mar 30, 2020 03:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 10:00
Tue Mar 31, 2020 18:45
Abstract Neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of peritoneal inflammation, but mechanisms regulating neutrophil recruitment in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD)‐related peritonitis are not fully defined. We examined 104 samples of PD effluent collected during acute peritonitis for correspondence between a broad range of soluble parameters and neutrophil counts. We observed an association between peritoneal IL‐17 and neutrophil levels. This relationship was evident in effluent samples with...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 11:35
Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in the U.S. but does not impede patient survival until the disease is metastatic. Metastatic lesions most frequently occur in the bone, which exhibits a distinct microenvironment of immune and bone cell populations. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of primary PCa allow for the use of tailored therapeutic approaches based on biomarkers, protein expression, and histopathology. Understanding the molecular and cellular...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:54
Abstract A few single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with cutaneous melanoma (CM) survival through genome‐wide association studies, but stringent multiple testing corrections required for the hypothesis‐free testing may have masked some true associations. Using a hypothesis‐driven analysis approach, we sought to evaluate associations between SNPs in ketone body metabolic pathway genes and CM survival. We comprehensively assessed associations between 4196 (538...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 13:30
CXCL14 is a relatively novel chemokine with a wide spectrum of biological activities. The present study was designed to investigate whether CXCL14 overexpression attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. Sepsis model has been established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). CLP induced AKI in mice as assessed by increased renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression and serum creatinine levels. We found that renal CXCL14 expression in the kidney was significantly...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 16:05
Objectives. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate long-term efficacy of secukinumab (SCK) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA); secondary aims were to evaluate drug retention rate and to identify differences in the clinical and laboratory assessment according to axSpA clinical features, dosage administered, and biologic treatment lines. Patients and Methods. We collected clinical, demographical, and treatment data from 39 patients affected by axSpA consecutively treated with SCK....
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:50
Environmental chemicals like phthalates, phenols and parabens may impact children's immune development and contribute to risk of atopic diseases and asthma.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to direct stimuli is a characteristic feature of asthma and is thought to be due to airway smooth muscle dysfunction1. Patients with non-asthmatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate AHR to direct stimuli (e.g. methacholine, histamine); this AHR correlates with the degree of airflow obstruction2-4 and is thought to be, in whole or in part, a function of altered airway geometry. We hypothesized that to the extent that AHR in COPD was due to geometric...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
The choice of surgical or non-surgical treatment of mandibular condylar fractures remains controversial. Earlier trials documented multiple complications of surgical treatment and recommended a non-surgical approach, while more recent trials have shown superior outcomes of surgical compared with non-surgical treatment in some cases. In this paper we systematically review the systematic reviews on the topic that were published before January 2019 and which followed the PRISMA statement, and propose...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
The aims of this study were to find out whether scoring in a rose-trellis pattern improved the stretch of mucoperiosteal flaps more than conventional scoring in the horizontal plane, and to consider its application in the closure of oroantral communications. Sixteen sections of cadaveric porcine buccal mucoperiosteum were removed from the molar region of the maxilla and mandible. A three-sided flap was raised in the subperiosteal plane, excised, and pinned to a cork board with the periosteal side...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Obesity is a chronic and progressive disease that affects approximately 107.7 million children and adolescents worldwide and is associated with multiple coexisting conditions and complications. More than 70% of persons who have obesity before puberty will also have obesity as adults, which…
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
The principal goals of treating patients with stable ischemic heart disease are to prolong survival, prevent disease progression, and optimize patients’ health status: their symptoms, function, and quality of life. To prevent death and myocardial infarctions, secondary prevention with lifestyle and…
Mon Mar 30, 2020 03:00
The goals of treating patients with stable coronary disease are to reduce their risk of death and ischemic events and to improve their quality of life. All patients with coronary disease should be treated with guideline-based medical therapy (hereafter, medical therapy) to achieve these objectives.…
Mon Mar 30, 2020 03:00
Patients with stable ischemic heart disease and advanced chronic kidney disease represent a high-risk population with unique challenges. Because these patients have been systematically excluded from most clinical trials of invasive treatment strategies, there is no credible evidence from randomized…
Mon Mar 30, 2020 03:00
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. The presence of kidney disease has been associated with an increased risk of procedural complications (including renal injury) from coronary angiography and revascularization, and it is uncertain whether…
Mon Mar 30, 2020 03:00
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