Abstract Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the most predominant malignancy of the esophagus. Its histological precursors (dysplasia) emerge in the esophageal epithelium that their progression into the underlying layers leads to cancer. The epithelium is the origin of many solid cancers and, accordingly, the focus of numerous computational models. In this work, we proposed a framework to establish a two-dimensional, globally coupled map to model the epithelium dynamics. The...
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Abstract Purpose Radium-223 was associated with high incidence of non-vertebral fractures in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, it is still unclear whether radium-223 may induce skeletal fragility regardless of other therapies for CRPC. We aimed at evaluating the prevalence, incidence, and determinants of vertebral fractures (VFs), i.e., the most frequent complication of skeletal fragility, in CRCP patients...
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Abstract Purpose An increasing body of evidence suggests that dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors could play a role in the development of bullous pemphigoid. The knowledge regarding this association is based on case reports, pharmacovigilance database analyses, and observational studies. Data from randomized clinical trials are a relevant source of information on adverse events. Since no single trial has a sufficient power to...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is still challenging, especially in patients asymptomatic or with non-classical phenotypes and for physicians not skilled in calcium-phosphorous (Ca–P) disorders. The serum calcium/phosphorous (Ca/P) ratio has been proposed as accurate index to identify PHPT, while it has never been tested in HypoPT. The aim of this study is...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose This study aimed to compare the nigella sativa vs. placebo effect on anthropometric and biochemical indices in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Methods This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted as a third-phase trial among 140 menopausal women within the age of 45–60 years old, who were suffering...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Abstract Folliculitis decalvans (FD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown etiology. FD is characterized by chronic suppurative folliculitis, is often accompanied by pruritus or even pain, and ultimately progresses to cicatricial alopecia. Adult men have a tendency to develop this disease. The current treatments mainly consist of antibiotics, vitamin A derivatives, immune therapies, and biologics. However, some cases are intractable. Here, we present a case of recalcitrant FD that was...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 11:03
Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate whether the supplementary balneotherapy with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) could facilitate the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris and thus be beneficial for long‐term remission from the symtoms. Method 200 psoriasis vulgaris patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis from January 2013 to June 2014 were evenly divided into two groups: the consolidated therapy group (CTG) and unconsolidated therapy group (UTG), the remission period of...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:16
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:16
Abstract Background Surgical vitiligo treatment is suggested for recalcitrant small stable lesions. One of the limitations of this approach is the presence of large lesions. The donor site should be designed to be hidden without previous or present lesions; this limits donor sites. Objective To clinically and histopathologiclly evaluate donor areas three months and one year after Thiersch grafting (TG) and suction blister epithelial grafting (SBEG). Methods Forty patients with stable...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:16
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Abstract Purpose The importance of nivolumab for recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is rapidly increasing. However, prognostic factors have not been determined for predicting treatment outcome. We aimed to investigate the prognostic factors in R/M HNSCC patients treated with nivolumab. Methods This retrospective study...
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Tue Mar 31, 2020 19:59
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 14:35
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 08:52
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 07:53
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2020.
Tue Mar 31, 2020 07:20
Abstract Introduction Protocols have been developed in our department with recommended dose constraints for organs at risk (OAR) for each tumour site receiving definitive radiotherapy. We have developed a colour coding system to indicate when constraints are meeting objectives (green), have minor variation from planning objectives (yellow) and have major variation from planning objectives (red). We performed a quality audit to assess adherence to the protocol and to determine the rate of acute...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 20:34
The rate at which plants grow is a major functional trait in plant ecology. However, little is known about its evolution in natural populations. Here, we investigate evolutionary and environmental factors shaping variation in the growth rate of Arabidopsis thaliana . We quantified variation in plant growth in two light environments, across a set of 278 genotypes sampled within four broad regions, including an outgroup set of genotypes from China. The observed variation was validated in a field experiment...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
The formation of new species via the accumulation of incompatible genetic changes is thought to result either from ecologically-based divergent natural selection or the order by which mutations happen to arise, leading to different evolutionary trajectories even under similar selection pressures. There is growing evidence in support of both ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation, but how different environmental scenarios affect the rate of species formation remains underexplored. We...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
We derive how directional and disruptive selection operate on scalar traits in heterogeneous group-structured populations for a general class of models. In particular, we assume that each group in the population can be in one of a finite number of states, where states can affect group size and/or other environmental variables, at a given time. Using up to second-order perturbation expansions of the invasion fitness of a mutant allele, we derive expressions for the directional and disruptive selection...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) are majestic carnivores and the fastest land animals; yet, they are quickly heading towards an uncertain future. Threatened by habitat loss, human-interactions and illegal trafficking, there are only approximately 7,100 individuals remaining in the wild. Cheetahs used to roam large parts of Africa, and Western and Southern Asia. Today they are confined to about 9% of their original distribution. To investigate their genetic diversity and conservation status, we generated...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
In some species, sperm form motile, coordinated groups as they migrate through the female reproductive tract. Collective sperm migration is posited to have evolved to improve sperm swimming performance, and thus may be beneficial in a competitive context, but limited evidence supports this theory. Here we investigate sperm aggregation across closely-related species of Peromyscus mice that naturally vary by mating system. We find that phylogenetic history predicts the likelihood that sperm will aggregate...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Mitochondrial function is critical for energy homeostasis and should shape how genetic variation in metabolism is transmitted through levels of biological organization to generate stability in organismal performance. Mitochondrial function is encoded by genes in two distinct and separately inherited genomes - the mitochondrial genome and the nuclear genome - and selection is expected to maintain functional mito-nuclear interactions. Nevertheless, high levels of polymorphism in genes involved in these...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Changing environmental conditions can lead to population diversification through differential selection on standing genetic variation. Structural variant (SV) polymorphisms provide examples of ancient alleles that in time become associated with novel environmental gradients. The European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is a marine flatfish showing large allele frequency differences at two putative SVs associated with environmental variation. In this study, we explored the contribution of these SVs...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
Phylogenetic trees are current routinely reconstructed from an alignment of character sequences (usually nucleotide sequences). Bayesian tools, such as MrBayes, RevBayes and BEAST2, have gained much popularity over the last decade, as they allow joint estimation of the posterior distribution of the phylogenetic tree and the parameters of the underlying inference model. An important ingredient of these Bayesian approaches is the species tree prior. While in principle the Bayesian framework allows...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
A thorough reconstruction of historical processes is essential for a comprehensive understanding of processes shaping patterns of genetic diversity. Indeed, past and current conditions influencing effective population size have important evolutionary implications for the efficacy of selection, increased accumulation of deleterious mutations, and loss of adaptive potential. Here, we gather extensive genome-wide data that represent the extant diversity of the Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to address...
Tue Mar 31, 2020 03:00
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