Xanthine oxidase inhibitors febuxostat and allopurinol are commonly used in the treatment of gout. Febuxostat inhibits the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in vitro . Rosuvastatin is a BCRP substrate and genetic variability in BCRP markedly affects rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. In this study, we investigated possible effects of febuxostat and allopurinol on rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. In a randomized crossover study with 3 phases, 10 healthy volunteers ingested once daily placebo for 7 days,...
Tue May 26, 2020 20:31
The scaly‐tailed squirrels are characterized by a unique set of the integument features. Long hairs on the edge of the membrane improve its properties as an airfoil, and specific sensitive hairs on the nape allow animals feel the space behind their back. The unique collagen‐cartilaginous spur that grows from the elbow helps to maintain the membrane in flight. These and other peculiarities are associated with specific habits of anomalures which combines gliding and roosting in hollow tree trunks....
Tue May 26, 2020 21:53
The purpose of this report is to present the outcomes of surgical interventions in 4 patients with maculopathy associated with optic disc pit (ODP). We report 4 cases of patients affected by ODP maculopathy and treated by core vitrectomy with induction of posterior vitreous detachment and peeling of the internal limiting membrane restricted to the interpapillary macular zone without laser treatment and gas tamponade. The patients had rapid resolution of the multilayer inner retinoschisis-like separation...
Wed May 27, 2020 11:07
Hemoglobin S/OArab (Hgb S/OArab) disease is a rare hemoglobinopathy which presents similarly to sickle cell retinopathy, with only three prior reports that describe associated retinal findings. In this report, we present ophthalmic examination findings in 2 patients with Hgb S/OArab. One patient exhibited peripheral ischemia and sunburst lesions without neovascular disease, and the other patient developed proliferative retinopathy of both eyes and multiple posterior-pole branch retinal artery occlusions...
Wed May 27, 2020 11:06
This work aimed to identify studies of interventions seeking to address mental health inequalities, studies assessing the economic impact of such interventions and factors which act as barriers and those that ...
Tue May 26, 2020 03:00
Meta-analysts rely on the availability of data from previously conducted studies. That is, they rely on primary study authors to register their outcome data, either in a study’s text or on publicly available w...
Tue May 26, 2020 03:00
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is one of the most common and serious causes of healthcare-associated bacteremia. The emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) PA s...
Mon May 25, 2020 03:00
Tue May 26, 2020 13:04
Tue May 26, 2020 12:55
Abstract Background Lanadelumab demonstrated efficacy in preventing HAE attacks in the phase 3 HELP Study. Objective To assess time to onset of effect and long‐term efficacy of lanadelumab, based on exploratory findings from the HELP Study. Methods Eligible patients with HAE type I/II received lanadelumab 150 mg every 4 weeks (q4wks), 300 mg q4wks, 300 mg q2wks, or placebo. Ad hoc analyses evaluated day 0–69 findings using a Poisson regression model accounting for overdispersion....
Tue May 26, 2020 11:19
Objective To investigate whether intensive blood pressure treatment is associated with less hematoma growth and better outcome in ICH patients who received intravenous nicardipine treatment within 2 hrs after onset of symptoms. Methods A post‐hoc exploratory analysis of the Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage 2 (ATACH‐2) trial was performed. This was a multicenter, international, open‐label randomized clinical trial in which patients with primary ICH were allocated to intensive...
Tue May 26, 2020 18:41
Recent years have seen an increasing interest in capturing hydrogen generated from renewables with CO 2 to produce methanol. However, renewable hydrogen production is currently expensive and in limited quantity as compared to CO 2 . Excess CO 2 and limited H 2 in the feedstock gas mixture is not favourable for the CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol reaction, which causes low activity and poor methanol selectivity. Here we report a new class of Rh‐In catalysts with optimal adsorption property...
Wed May 27, 2020 11:37
Patterning nanocrystals is essential for their use in various applications. This study shows that a simple and common reaction (i.e., polymerization of monomers to form a film) can assemble various nanocrystals into patterns solely by introducing inhomogeneity into the reaction by light irradiation through a photomask. Abstract The development of methods to pattern nanocrystals with different sizes and shapes remains a challenge. In this study, we demonstrate a unique class of bottom‐up approaches...
Tue May 26, 2020 22:00
The mode of asymmetric induction in an enantioselective intramolecular allylic substitution reaction catalyzed by a combination of palladium and a chiral phosphoric acid was investigated by a combined experimental and statistical modeling approach. Experiments to probe nonlinear effects, the reactivity of deuterium‐labeled substrates, and control experiments revealed that the nucleophilic attack to the π ‐allylpalladium intermediate is the enantio‐determining step, in which the chiral phosphate anion...
Tue May 26, 2020 21:38
We report an efficient CuPd nanoparticle (NP) catalyst (3 nm CuPd NPs deposited on carbon support) for catalyzing electrochemical allylic alkylation in water/isopropanol (v/v 1/1) and 0.2 M KHCO 3 solution at room temperature. The Pd‐catalysis was Pd/Cu composition dependent and CuPd NPs with Pd/Cu ratio close to 1 are the most efficient catalyst for the selective cross‐coupling of alkyl halides and allylic halides to form C‐C hydrocarbons with product yields reaching up to 99%. This NP‐catalyzed...
Tue May 26, 2020 21:36
Despite great progress in the synthesis of aluminosilicate zeolites, there are still a large number of zeolites that could not be prepared in the aluminosilicate form. One of typical examples is ITH zeolite, where direct synthesis of aluminosilicate ITH is currently still challenging. Herein, for the first time we demonstrate the successful synthesis of aluminosilicate ITH zeolite using a simple cationic oligomer as an organic template. The key to this success is that the cationic oligomer has a...
Tue May 26, 2020 19:01
The site‐selective C‐H oxidation of unactivated positions in aliphatic ammonium chains poses a tremendous synthetic challenge for which a solution has not been found yet. Here, we report preferential oxidation of the strongly deactivated C3/C4 positions of aliphatic ammonium substrates by employing a novel supramolecular catalyst. This chimeric catalyst was synthesized by linking the well‐explored catalytic moiety Fe(pdp) to an alkyl ammonium binding molecular tweezer. The results highlight the vast...
Tue May 26, 2020 19:00
Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of versatile materials for fabricating functional heterogeneous catalysts, but the most routine method is through carbonization to form porous carbon materials, which however inevitably losses their inherent MOFs characteristics. Herein, we developed a partially‐controlled pyrolysis strategy to create evenly distributed NiO nanoparticles within NiFe‐MOF nanosheets (MOF NSs) for electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via two‐electron oxygen...
Tue May 26, 2020 18:31
This review is the sequel to the 2000 report on the recent advances in the chemistry of odorants and it summarizes the developments in fragrance chemistry over the past 20 years. Following the olfactory spectrum set out in that report, trendsetting so‐called captive odorants (patent‐protected ingredients unavailable to the market) are presented according to the main odor families: “fruity”, “marine”, “green”, “floral”, “spicy”, “woody”, “amber”, and “musky”. The design of odorants, their chemical...
Tue May 26, 2020 18:30
A readily activated iron alkyl precatalyst effectively catalyzes the highly enantioselective hydroboration of N‐ alkyl imines. Employing a chiral bis(oxazolinylmethylidene)isoindoline pincer ligand, the asymmetric reduction of various acyclic N ‐alkyl imines provided the corresponding α‐chiral amines in excellent yields and with up to greater than 99% ee . The applicability of this base metal catalytic system was further demonstrated at the synthesis of the pharmaceuticals Fendiline and Tecalcet.
Tue May 26, 2020 17:30
A surface reconstruction process confines Pt single atoms to form enhanced strong interactions between Pt and support. The resulting single‐atom noble metal catalyst exhibits excellent thermal stability both at 800 °C in the humid air for 5 days or in high‐temperature CH4 catalytic combustion. Abstract Single‐atom noble metals on a catalyst support tend to migrate and agglomerate into nanoparticles owing to high surface free energy at elevated temperatures. Temperature‐induced structure reconstruction...
Tue May 26, 2020 17:08
Molecular design to improve catalyst performance is significant but challenging. In enzymes, residue groups that are close to reaction centers play critical roles in regulating activities. Using this bioinspired strategy, we designed three water‐soluble polymers with appending Co porphyrins and different side‐chain groups to mimic enzyme reaction centers and activity‐controlling residue groups, respectively. With these polymers, we achieved high hydrogen evolution efficiency in neutral aqueous media...
Tue May 26, 2020 17:06
In order to investigate the nature and strength of noncovalent interactions at the fullerene surface, molecular torsion balances consisting of C60 and organic moieties connected through a biphenyl linkage were designed, synthesized, and characterized. NMR spectroscopy combined with computational studies showed that the unimolecular system remains in equilibrium between well‐defined folded and unfolded conformers owing to restricted rotation around the biphenyl C–C bond. The measured energy differences...
Tue May 26, 2020 17:06
The reduction of (nBu3P)AgCl with LBH(sec‐Bu)3 in toluene gives the metalloid silver cluster Ag64(PnBu3)16Cl61 as dark red, temperature and light sensitive single crystals in high yield. 1 is the largest structurally characterized metalloid silver cluster exhibiting chlorine and phosphine substituents only. The silver atoms in 1 show an overall brick‐shape arrangement, where structural resemblance to the close packed fcc‐ and hcp‐structures is realized. Within 1 a 58 electron closed shell system...
Tue May 26, 2020 16:03
Dynamic : Rhodium(III)‐catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of biaryls has been realized by intermolecular annulation of benzamides with symmetric and nonsymmetric sterically hindered alkynes. The reaction proceeds by C−H activation and dynamic kinetic transformation of the alkyne with regiospecificity and excellent enantioselectivity. Abstract Reported herein is the atroposelective synthesis of biaryl NH isoquinolones by RhIII‐catalyzed C−H activation of benzamides and intermolecular [4+2]...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:41
The light fantastic : A highly effective C−O coupling reaction of (hetero)aryl electrophiles with primary and secondary alcohols is reported. Catalyzed by a NiII‐aryl complex under long‐wave UV irradiation in the presence of a soluble amine base without any additional photosensitizer, the reaction enables the etherification of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides as well as sulfonates with a wide range of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols. Abstract A highly effective C−O coupling reaction...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:36
Mechanism‐based computational statistics allowed the machine learning prediction of regioselectivity in radical C−H functionalization of heterocycles. The developed random forest model with physical organic features achieved satisfying performance without any experimental input. Abstract Radical C−H bond functionalization provides a versatile approach for elaborating heterocyclic compounds. The synthetic design of this transformation relies heavily on the knowledge of regioselectivity, while...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:33
Think thin : Ultrafast transformation of bulk metal–organic framework (MOF) into ultrathin metal oxyhydroxide nanosheets through electric‐field hydrolysis is possible. The nanosheets exhibit excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances. The potential evolution process from bulk MOF to FeCo‐oxyhydroxides nanosheets has been investigated in detail. Abstract Facile preparation of low‐cost electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a big challenge. Herein,...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:32
The MNO segment should be linear for NO + but bent for NO − . Though this statement is taken from a IUPAC publication on oxidation states (OS), it mirrors a common belief. However, deriving the OS by the effective‐oxidation‐state procedure (EOS), the new nitrosylcobalt species (see the Figure) resembled a CoI(NO+) couple instead of the expected CoIII(NO−). Abstract Nitrosyl–metal bonding relies on the two interactions between the pair of N–O‐π*...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:29
A biomimetic ion channel based on the head‐to‐head self‐assembly of aromatic helical architecture is presented. Interestingly, the reversible switch of this channel in situ inside the bilayers through the transition between hollow single stranded helices and intertwined double stranded helices has been realized. Abstract Ligand responsiveness is one of the typical mechanisms in biological organization to trigger sophisticated channel switching. Here, we report a new type of helical trimer...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:28
Nanosheets to honeycombs : Superstructures have attracted extensive attention in material science and biology. The first centimeter‐sized porous superstructure of carbon nanosheets was prepared by using MOF nanoparticles as a template, which exhibits a honeycomb‐like morphology with wall‐sharing carbon cages and shows great potential applications in electrochemical devices. Abstract Superstructures have attracted extensive attention because of their potential applications in materials science...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:28
Perfluorinated compounds have found wide application but have adverse effects on health and environment. There is a need to selectively recover them from process and surface waters. We now show that a microporous zeolite Beta, in its all‐silica form, shows outstanding capacity and affinity for the uptake of PFASs like perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, even in the presence of other organics. Abstract Perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFASs) are widely used in industrial...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:28
MAI‐terminated MAPbI3 can convert DHA into butyl lactate with a production rate of 7719 μg g−1 cat. h−1 under visible‐light illumination. MAI termination induces a p‐doping effect near the surface, oxidizing DHA to pyruvaldehyde. MAI termination is susceptible to iodide oxidation, resulting in exposed PbII sites, which further promote the reaction of pyruvaldehyde and butanol to produce butyl lactate. Abstract Halide perovskites have received attention in the field of photocatalysis owing to...
Tue May 26, 2020 14:20
The development of noble metal free heterogeneous catalysts is promising for selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols; however, the relatively low conversion of non‐noble metal catalysts under solvent‐free atmospheric condition greatly restricts their industrial application. Herein, we design ed synthesize a novel holey lamellar high entropy oxide (HEO) Co 0.2 Ni 0.2 Cu 0.2 Mg 0.2 Zn 0.2 O material with mesoporous structure via a simple anchoring and merging process. The prepared holey...
Tue May 26, 2020 13:03
Weak Van der Waals’ interactions between interlayers of two‐dimensional layered materials have rendered intrinsic problems of disabled across‐interlayer electron transfer and poor layered structural stability, seriously deteriorating their performance in energy applications. Herein, we propose a novel covalent assembly strategy for MoS 2 nanosheets to realize unique MoS 2 /SnS hollow superassemblies (HSs) by using SnS nanodots as covalent linkages. The covalent assembly based on all‐inorganic...
Tue May 26, 2020 13:03
A unique molecular skeleton generates multiple‐state emissions in the solid state at room temperature. As presented by Y.‐Z. Chen, L.‐Z. Wu, et al. in their Research Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20200060810.1002/anie.202000608), large energy gaps between the S2 and S1 states, and an abundance of intramolecular/intermolecular hydrogen bonds, suppress internal conversions of the upper excited states in the solids and enable unprecedented fluorescence quantum yields (2.3–9.6 %) from the...
Tue May 26, 2020 12:59
Through phosphorus doping , the charge distribution in Fe‐Ni layered double hydroxide (LDH) is regulated to promote the activation of nitrogen. This strategy offers an opportunity of tapping the unknown potentials of the well‐known hydrotalcites (LDHs) in the field of electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation. Abstract The key to bringing the electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation from conception to application lies in the development of high‐efficiency, cost‐effective electrocatalysts. Layered double...
Tue May 26, 2020 12:58
A benzothiadiazole‐based covalent organic framework (COF) with efficient two‐photon induction performance was synthesized by X. Z. Zhang and co‐workers, as reported in their Research Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20191259410.1002/anie.201912594). The unique structure of COF attenuates π–π stacking interactions between the layers, and overcomes aggregation‐caused emission quenching of chromophores for improved near‐infrared two‐photon induced fluorescence imaging.
Tue May 26, 2020 12:58
Luminogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) shine brightly as mesoscopic aggregates, doing “useful work” that their molecular components are incapable to do. AIE studies offer exciting opportunities to raise the dimensionality of scientific research from micro to meso level. Study of aggregate mesoscience will open up exotic vistas of exercising control at higher structural hierarchy and creating mesomaterials with functional properties inaccessible by their molecular constituents.
Tue May 26, 2020 12:58
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