Bladder cancer (BC) is the sixth most common cancer in men. Moreover, chemotherapy for BC leads to various side effects. Metformin is known to induce apoptosis in vitro in many types of cancer. Furthermore, it has feasibility as a drug repositioning used for the treatment of cancer. The molecular mechanism of metformin mediating apoptosis in BC is still unclear. In this study, we showed that metformin stimulated the caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in T24 cells, a human BC cell line....
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Treatment with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide is one of the approved approaches in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the post-docetaxel setting. However, a significant fraction of patients do not respond to treatment, and we aimed to determine their characteristics. From April 2015 to May 2019, 71 patients with mCRPC were treated with abiraterone acetate (N = 34) or enzalutamide (N = 37) at our institution. Resistance to treatment was defined as radiological...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the worldwide. Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality and is a major hurdle for lung cancer treatment. Salidroside, a glycoside of tyrosol, is isolated from Rhodiola rosea and shows anticancer functions in several cancers. Recently, studies have reported that salidroside could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer; however, we need to explore further mechanism to provide evidence for clinical...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
As a member of the platinum drug group, oxaliplatin (OXAL) is used to treat brain tumors, although its use is limited through excessive calcium ion (Ca2+) influx and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neurons. The Ca2+ permeable transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is activated by ROS, and its activity might be reduced by the antioxidant property of pregabalin (PREGAB). This study aimed to investigate the protective action of PREGAB against OXAL-induced oxidative neurotoxicity...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
The anticancer drug candidates 1,3-dibenzyl-4,5-diphenyl-imidazol-2-ylidene gold(I) dimethylamino dithiocarbamate and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl-1-thiolate derivative exhibited nanomolar in-vitro activity against prostate cancer cells advanced prostate cancer (PC3) and micromolar inhibition of mammalian thioredoxin reductase. Encouraging maximum tolerable dose experiments led to human prostate cancer subcutaneous xenograft experiments; 1,3-dibenzyl-4,5-diphenyl-imidazol-2-ylidene gold(I)...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck district are generally treated with surgery. Surgery is the standard treatment in early stages and local advanced tumors, followed by adjuvant therapy, radiation or concurrent chemoradiation therapy. Local recurrence treatment depends on previous therapies, though radical surgery is often the first choice at the expense of anatomy preservation. We present the case of a patient with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal dorsum which relapsed...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Quercetin, an abundant flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, displays multiple biological activities, including anticancer effects. Therefore, quercetin is receiving increasing attention as a potential adjuvant anticancer treatment. Gemcitabine (GEM) resistance is a major issue for clinicians and patients with advanced cancers, making it crucial to determine ways to bolster its effects. In this study, we explored the anticancer effects and mechanistic actions of quercetin in GEM-resistant...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Conventional treatments for metastatic melanomas are still ineffective and generate numerous side effects, justifying the search for new therapies. The antimetastatic effect of the named N-(2-(4-bromophenylamino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)nicotinamide (SRVIC30) compound has been previously demonstrated in murine melanoma. Herein, we aimed to evaluate its effect when topically administrated in a murine subcutaneous melanoma model. For that, mice C57BL/6 were injected subcutaneously with 2 × 105 B16-F10...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Esophageal cancer is one of the fatal cancers around the world. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely used during anesthesia of esophageal cancer surgery. Nevertheless, the role of DEX in the progression of esophageal cancer remains barely known. The proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis of esophageal cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, transwell migration and invasion assays and Western blot assay. The expression of miR-143-3p...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Repurposing commonly prescribed noncancer medications for use in oncology has substantial advantages over de-novo development of anticancer drugs. Calcium signalling has been implicated in many of the hallmarks of cancer. Previous in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are able to promote apoptosis, inhibit proliferation and prevent invasion and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. This retrospective cohort study aimed to translate this into the clinic by...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
The role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in lung cancer has been extensively studied. Inhibition of HDAC activities have been used as a new cancer treatment strategy. To date, many HDAC inhibitors have been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit tumorigenesis. Chidamide (CS055) is a new member of HDAC inhibitors. In China, Chidamide has been approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma. However, the efficacy of Chidamide in non-small cell lung cancer remains unclear....
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Despite numerous case reports, the incidence of a secondary diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNC) following pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) treatment is unknown. Computerized pharmacy records were searched at a large, multi-center healthcare system for patients who received PLD. Electronic medical records were searched to identify the patient’s age at treatment initiation of PLD, diagnosis for which they were treated with PLD, number of courses and total cumulative dose of...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Considering the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with hematological malignancies and the frequent development of drug resistance by these diseases, the search for new cytotoxic agents is an urgent necessity. The new compounds should present higher efficiency and specificity in inducing tumor cell death, be easily administered and have little or negligible adverse effects. Quinones have been reported in the literature by their several pharmacological properties, including antitumor activity,...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by pathogenic variants in the NF2 gene. To date, cytotoxic chemotherapy has no established role in the treatment of NF-2. Historical case reports of malignant schwannomas have documented responses to chemotherapies with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and doxorubicin, in patients who develop pulmonary metastases. Recently, several studies proposed the use of anti-HER2, anti-EGFR, anti-platelet-derived growth factor receptors....
Fri Jul 17, 2020 20:14
Background Brain metastases (BM) are a frequent complication of advanced cancer and are characterized by a variety of neurological symptoms. Although the presence of neurological symptoms is included in the response assessment in patients with primary brain tumors, to the authors' knowledge little is known regarding the prognostic impact of neurological symptoms in patients with BM. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed BM from non–small cell lung cancer were identified from the Vienna Brain...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 21:44
Background CheckMate 025 has shown superior efficacy for nivolumab over everolimus in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) along with improved safety and tolerability. This analysis assesses the long‐term clinical benefits of nivolumab versus everolimus. Methods The randomized, open‐label, phase 3 CheckMate 025 trial (NCT01668784) included patients with clear cell aRCC previously treated with 1 or 2 antiangiogenic regimens. Patients were randomized to nivolumab (3 mg/kg every...
Thu Jul 16, 2020 22:44
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0991-7A novel TRPM7/O-GlcNAc axis mediates tumour cell motility and metastasis by stabilising c-Myc and caveolin-1 in lung carcinoma
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0995-3Pilot study on the therapeutic potential of radiofrequency magnetic fields: growth inhibition of implanted tumours in mice
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0984-6Computational analysis of TP53 mutational landscape unveils key prognostic signatures and distinct pathobiological pathways in head and neck squamous cell cancer
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0996-2CD30 and ALK combination therapy has high therapeutic potency in RANBP2-ALK-rearranged epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0985-5Immune status is prognostic for poor survival in colorectal cancer patients and is associated with tumour hypoxia
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Wed Jul 15, 2020 10:00
Background A number of ancillary tests have been developed that aid in the diagnosis of mesothelioma in cytology specimens. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether testing for BAP1 and CDKN2A /p16 status in effusion specimens preceding the tissue diagnosis of mesothelioma would improve diagnostic accuracy and allow an earlier diagnosis of malignancy. Methods The study cohort included 99 matched cytology fluid specimens from 74 patients with a surgical specimen diagnosis...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 17:55
Abstract Lorlatinib is a potent, brain‐penetrant, 3rd‐generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)/ROS proto‐oncogene 1 (ROS1) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) active against most known resistance mutations. This is an ongoing phase 1/2, multinational study (NCT01970865) investigating the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of lorlatinib in ALK‐rearranged/ROS1‐rearranged advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with or without intracranial (IC) metastases. Because patterns of ALK TKI use in...
Sat Jul 18, 2020 14:13
We found that FOXO1‐shRNA sublines or FOXO1‐positive cells co–treated with a FOXO1 inhibitor were significantly more resistant to cisplatin treatment at pharmacological concentrations, compared with respective control sublines or those with mock treatment. Western blot demonstrated considerable increases in the expression levels of a phosphorylated inactive form of FOXO1 (p‐FOXO1) in cisplatin‐resistant sublines established by long‐term culture with low/increasing doses of cisplatin, compared with...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 18:28
Abstract Oncogenic mutations often trigger anti‐tumor cellular response such as induction of apoptosis or cellular senescence. Studies in the last decade have identified the presence of the third guardian against mutation‐induced tumorigenesis, namely ‘cell competition’. Cell competition is a context‐dependent cell elimination whereby cells with higher fitness eliminate neighboring cells with lower fitness by inducing cell death. While oncogene‐induced apoptosis or oncogene‐induced senescence acts...
Fri Jul 17, 2020 11:22
Abstract Mucin 1 C‐terminal subunit (MUC1‐C) has been introduced as a key regulator for acquiring drug resistance in various cancers, but the functional role of MUC1‐C of urothelial cancer (UC) cells remains unknown. We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance through MUC1‐C oncoprotein in UC cells. MUC1‐C expression was examined immunohistochemically in tumor specimens of 159 UC patients who received CDDP‐based peri‐operative chemotherapy....
Thu Jul 16, 2020 21:55
Publication date: Available online 18 July 2020Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology/HematologyAuthor(s): Felipe A. Calvo, Bhishamjit S. Chera, Eduardo Zubizarreta, Pierre Scalliet, Rajiv R. Prasad, Aldo Quarneti, Kamal Akbarov, May Abdel-Wahab
Sun Jul 19, 2020 14:32
Publication date: Available online 18 July 2020Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology/HematologyAuthor(s): Samaneh Rezaei, Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran, Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari, Amin Jalili, Ahmad Movahedpour, Haroon Khan, Mohsen Moghoofei, Zahra Shojaei, Michael R Hamblin, Hamed Mirzaei
Sun Jul 19, 2020 14:32
Publication date: Available online 17 July 2020Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology/HematologyAuthor(s): Mario Caccese, Marta Padovan, Domenico D’Avella, Franco Chioffi, Marina Paola Gardiman, Franco Berti, Fabio Busato, Luisa Bellu, Eleonora Bergo, Marco Zoccarato, Matteo Fassan, Vittorina Zagonel, Giuseppe Lombardi
Sat Jul 18, 2020 17:42
Publication date: September 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 136Author(s): Andrew. D.J. Pearson, C.Michel Zwaan, E.Anders Kolb, Dominik Karres, Julie Guillot, Su Young Kim, Lynley Marshall, Sarah K. Tasian, Malcolm Smith, Todd Cooper, Peter C. Adamson, Elly Barry, Bouchra Benettaib, Florence Binlich, Anne Borgman, Erica Brivio, Renaud Capdeville, David Delgado, Douglas V. Faller, Linda Fogelstrand
Sat Jul 18, 2020 13:35
Publication date: September 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 136Author(s): José Luis Sánchez-Iglesias, Melchor Carbonell-Socias, Ma Assumpció Pérez-Benavente, Sonia Monreal Clua, Susana Manrique-Muñoz, Manel García Gorriz, Rosa Burgos-Peláez, Hegoi Segurola Gurrutxaga, Mónica Pamies Serrano, Ma Del Pilar Gutiérrez-Barceló, Susana Serrano-Castro, Ma Teresa Balcells-Farré, Carmen Pérez-Barragán, Axelle Scaillet-Houberechts, Yolima Cossio-Gil, Antonio Gil-Moreno
Sat Jul 18, 2020 13:35
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