Neuronavigation in the Identification and Presurgical Planning of Cortical Focal Dysplasia [LETTERS]
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is scarcity of data on the comparative efficacy between bone biopsy drill systems across various types of bone lesions. Our aim was to investigate differences in diagnostic yield, scanning time, and radiation dose between manual and battery-powered bone biopsy systems in CT-guided biopsies of lytic, sclerotic, and infectious bone lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a retrospective single-center institutional review board–approved study. A total of 585 CT-guided...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Multiple sclerosis lesions develop around small veins that are radiologically described as the so-called central vein sign. With 7T MR imaging and magnetic susceptibility–based sequences, the central vein sign has been observed in 80%–100% of MS lesions in patients’ brains. However, a lower proportion ~50% has been reported at 3T using susceptibility-weighted angiography (SWAN). Our aim was to assess a modified version of SWAN optimized at 3T for sensitive detection of the...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis following administration of intravenous gadobenate during MR imaging is rare. This study aimed to analyze any nephrogenic systemic fibrosis–related risks and quantify skin gadolinium levels in patients with impaired renal function but without nephrogenic systemic fibrosis who had received gadobenate. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this retrospective study with a prospective skin biopsy phase, patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates of <60...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Large intracranial vessel occlusion due to calcified emboli is a rare cause of major stroke. We assessed the prevalence, imaging appearance, the effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy, and clinical outcome of patients with large-vessel occlusion due to calcified emboli. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and procedural data of consecutive patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy due to calcified emboli in 7 European stroke centers....
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Gliomas are highly heterogeneous tumors, and optimal treatment depends on identifying and locating the highest grade disease present. Imaging techniques for doing so are generally not validated against the histopathologic criterion standard. The purpose of this work was to estimate the local glioma grade using a machine learning model trained on preoperative image data and spatially specific tumor samples. The value of imaging in patients with brain tumor can be enhanced if...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND:A shift has occurred in interventional cardiology from transfemoral to transradial access due to a 70%–80% decrease in complications. This shift has not yet taken place in other interventional specialties, perhaps owing to the lack of generalizability of findings in the cardiology data. PURPOSE:Our aim was to assess data from the recent mechanical thrombectomy prospective trials to better understand the access-site complication rate. DATA SOURCES:Articles were systematically sourced...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Perfusion MR imaging measures of relative CBV can distinguish recurrent tumor from posttreatment radiation effects in high-grade gliomas. Currently, relative CBV measurement requires normalization based on user-defined reference tissues. A recently proposed method of relative CBV standardization eliminates the need for user input. This study compares the predictive performance of relative CBV standardization against relative CBV normalization for quantifying recurrent tumor...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Motion artifacts are a frequent source of image degradation in the clinical application of MR imaging (MRI). Here we implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The network was trained to identify motion artifacts in axial T2-weighted spin-echo images of the brain. Using an extensive data augmentation scheme and a motion artifact simulation pipeline, we created a synthetic training...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms aims at preventing aneurysm rupture. Contrast-enhanced black-blood MR imaging facilitates imaging of the vessel walls and the aneurysmal sac contents and is therefore suitable for studying the healing process. This study aims to describe imaging findings of aneurysmal contrast enhancement following endovascular treatment and its correlation to recurrence and elapsed time since coiling. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients undergoing...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The long scan time of MR imaging is a major drawback limiting its clinical use in neuroimaging; therefore, we aimed to investigate the clinical feasibility of a 1-minute full-brain MR imaging using a multicontrast EPI sequence on a different MR imaging scanner than the ones previously reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the records of 146 patients who underwent a multicontrast EPI sequence, including T1-FLAIR, T2-FLAIR, T2WI, DWI, and T2*WI sequences....
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Deep brain stimulation is a well-established treatment for generalized dystonia, but outcomes remain variable. Establishment of an imaging marker to guide device targeting and programming could possibly impact the efficacy of deep brain stimulation in dystonia, particularly in the absence of acute clinical markers to indicate benefit. We hypothesize that the stimulation-based functional and structural connectivity using resting-state fMRI and DTI can predict therapeutic outcomes...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Arterial spin-labeling-derived CBF values may be affected by arterial transit time artefacts. Thus, our aim was to assess to what extent arterial spin-labeling–derived CBF and cerebrovascular reserve capacity values in major vascular regions are overestimated due to the arterial transit time artifacts in patients with Moyamoya disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eight patients with Moyamoya disease were included before or after revascularization surgery. CBF maps were acquired...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Our aim was to test the hypothesis that our recently introduced 4D–dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution has equivalent accuracy to 4D-CT for preoperative gland localization in primary hyperparathyroidism without requiring exposure to ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Inclusion criteria were the following: 1) confirmed biochemical diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism, 2) preoperative 4D–dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging,...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Follow-up MR imaging of brain AVMs currently relies on contrast-enhanced sequences. Noncontrast techniques, including arterial spin-labeling and TOF, may have value in detecting a residual nidus after radiosurgery. The aim of this study was to compare noncontrast with contrast-enhanced MR imaging for the differentiation of residual-versus-obliterated brain AVMs in radiosurgically treated patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-eight consecutive patients with small brain AVMs...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Conventional angiography is the criterion standard for measuring intracranial arterial stenosis. We evaluated signal intensity ratios from TOF-MRA as a measure of intracranial stenosis and infarct risk in pediatric stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective study was undertaken in children with intracranial arterial stenosis, who had TOF-MRA and conventional angiography performed within 6 months. Arterial diameters were measured for percentage stenosis. ROI analysis on...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
SUMMARY:Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β fibrils in the walls of small-to-medium-sized blood vessels. In this retrospective review of 5 patients with histologically confirmed noninflammatory cerebral amyloid angiopathy, high-resolution vessel wall MRI showed arterial wall enhancement in 2 patients (40%). Despite common consensus of equating vessel wall enhancement with inflammation, this report demonstrates that β-amyloid accumulation alone without inflammation...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
SUMMARY:Simulation-based medical training provides learners a method to develop technical skills without exposing patients to harm. Although fluoroscopic phantoms are already adopted in some areas of radiology, this has historically not been for lumbar puncture. Commercially available phantoms are expensive. We report a cost-effective, accessible solution by creation of an inexpensive phantom for resident training to perform fluoroscopically guided lumbar puncture, as well as instructions on how...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 19:17
Analyst, 2020, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/C9AN02262G, Paper Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Nguyen H. Le, Gang Ye, Chun Peng, Jennifer I. L. ChenDiscrete plasmonic gold nanoparticle assemblies rapidly detect ATP in single cells and microenvironments without labelling, extraction, purification or separation.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Analyst, 2020, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/D0AN00421A, PaperYue Li, Xin-Xin Xu, Liqiang Liu, Hua Kuang, Liguang Xu, Chuanlai XuIn this study, a gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) based on a penicillin receptor protein (PBP) was proposed to simultaneously detect penicillin, cephalosporin, and carbapenem antibiotics in milk and chicken. A...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
The post חידון לימי קורונה appeared first on האקדמיה ללשון העברית.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 20:03
לפי הנחיות הממשלה לעובדי השירות הציבורי, האקדמיה ללשון העברית יוצאת לחופשה. לא נוכל להשיב על פניות הציבור. תוכלו לגלוש באתר וליהנות משפע של מידע על העברית. בריאות לכולנו! The post עדכון מהאקדמיה ללשון העברית appeared first on האקדמיה ללשון העברית.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 14:16
Abstract Purpose Approximately 80% of pregnant women use medications. There is a need for evidence based medicines information that provide realistic risk estimates as pregnant and breastfeeding women tend to overestimate the risk of medications. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and future perspectives of an innovative medicines information service aiming to increase empowerment among pregnant and breastfeeding...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objectives To describe the current unmet major depression and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment needs among reproductive age women Methods Data from the 2007 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed to determine proportions of women ages 18 to 44 years with unmet treatment need for depression and SUD. Logistic...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Abstract The prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) has revolutionized the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the management of prostate cancer (PCa). The most recent version 2.1, PI-RADS v2.1, provides specific refinements in the performance, relaxing some recommendations which were not found to be helpful, while reinforcing and clarifying others. The interpretation of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) in the transition zone (TZ), and the overall assessment of...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background The amount of intra-abdominal fat on CT correlates positively with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). The objective of the study was to evaluate a fat-modified CT severity index (FMCTSI) and compare its performance with MCTSI. Materials and methods For this retrospective study, 99 patients with AP who underwent contrast-enhanced...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using the hepatocyte enhancement fraction (HEF) based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing the liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Sixty patients with Child–Pugh grade A (CP-A), 18 with Child–Pugh grade B (CP-B), 2 with Child–Pugh...
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15162-7Following international agreements, the use of chlorofluorocarbons in production is supposed to be phased out. Here, the authors present a new estimate of these products already in use and their emissions and show that they are larger than expected and that not recovering these banks leads to a substantial delay in the polar ozone hole recovery.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Polar coupling enabled nonlinear optical filtering at MoS<sub>2</sub>/ferroelectric heterointerfaces
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15191-2The heterointerface between complex oxides and van der Waals materials presents a versatile platform for exploring new functionalities. Here, the authors report an unconventional nonlinear optical filtering effect resulting from the interfacial polar alignment between monolayer MoS2 and a ferroelectric oxide thin film.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14912-xThe physiological roles of the Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 55 (GRASP55/GORASP55) remain largely elusive. Here, the authors show that the Golgi-resident protein GRASP55 plays a crucial role in lipid homeostasis by regulating intestinal lipid uptake.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15206-yThe ability to control nanostructure shape and dimensions presents opportunities to design materials in which their macroscopic properties are dependent upon the nature of the nanoparticle. Here the authors show nanoparticle shape is a critical consideration in the determination of nanocomposite hydrogel properties.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15055-9Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) plays a central role in energy dissipation in brown adipose tissue. Here the authors show that FGF6 and FGF9 induce UCP1 expression in adipocytes and preadipocytes, via modulation of a transcriptional network that is dissociated from brown adipogenesis.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15136-9Glucose metabolism is known to be dysregulated in cancer. Here, the authors show that glutamine nitrogen is also affected in cancer and demonstrate that glutaminase 1 and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase are the key enzymes that control this metabolic switch.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15233-9Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are essential for rhythmic activity in the heart and brain. Here authors reverse the voltage dependence of HCN channels by mutating only two residues located at the interface between the voltage sensor and the pore domain.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15242-8Holliday junctions (HJs) are DNA intermediates in genetic recombination that are resolved by nuclease, termed resolvase, to ensure genome stability. Here, the authors provide insights into the resolution process by resolving the crystal structure of the chloroplast resolvase MOC1 with HJs substrates.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 17 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15196-xPump-probe method is commonly used for studying ultrafast molecular dynamics. Here, the authors discuss alternative approach of using time-dependent ultrafast light emission from excited molecules coupled to a plasmonic nanocavity instead of using probe pulse.
Tue Mar 17, 2020 02:00
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